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        MultiQC: Summarize analysis results for multiple tools and samples in a single report
        Philip Ewels, Måns Magnusson, Sverker Lundin and Max Käller
        Bioinformatics (2016)
        doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw354
        PMID: 27312411

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        MultiQC is published in Bioinformatics:

        MultiQC: Summarize analysis results for multiple tools and samples in a single report
        Philip Ewels, Måns Magnusson, Sverker Lundin and Max Käller
        Bioinformatics (2016)
        doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw354
        PMID: 27312411

        A modular tool to aggregate results from bioinformatics analyses across many samples into a single report.

        Report generated on 2026-03-13, 06:39 CDT based on data in: /scratch/g/akwitek/wdemos/GSE216263


        General Statistics

        Showing 328/328 rows and 6/9 columns.
        Sample Name% Alignable, M% AlignedM Aligned% Dups% GCM Seqs
        GSM6665158
        96.0%
        GSM6665158_SRR21999328_1
        65.6%
        48%
        43.9
        GSM6665158_SRR21999328_2
        63.9%
        48%
        43.9
        GSM6665158_STAR
        94.2%
        41.3
        GSM6665159
        96.0%
        GSM6665159_SRR21999329_1
        61.2%
        48%
        35.3
        GSM6665159_SRR21999329_2
        60.0%
        48%
        35.3
        GSM6665159_STAR
        94.1%
        33.2
        GSM6665160
        95.9%
        GSM6665160_SRR21999330_1
        61.6%
        48%
        36.8
        GSM6665160_SRR21999330_2
        60.0%
        48%
        36.8
        GSM6665160_STAR
        94.0%
        34.6
        GSM6665161
        95.5%
        GSM6665161_SRR21999331_1
        59.3%
        48%
        42.1
        GSM6665161_SRR21999331_2
        57.3%
        48%
        42.1
        GSM6665161_STAR
        94.1%
        39.6
        GSM6665162
        96.5%
        GSM6665162_SRR21999332_1
        65.3%
        49%
        38.7
        GSM6665162_SRR21999332_2
        64.6%
        49%
        38.7
        GSM6665162_STAR
        91.9%
        35.6
        GSM6665163
        95.6%
        GSM6665163_SRR21999333_1
        61.7%
        48%
        56.1
        GSM6665163_SRR21999333_2
        60.1%
        48%
        56.1
        GSM6665163_STAR
        94.2%
        52.8
        GSM6665164
        95.4%
        GSM6665164_SRR21999334_1
        74.4%
        52%
        48.0
        GSM6665164_SRR21999334_2
        73.5%
        52%
        48.0
        GSM6665164_STAR
        89.4%
        42.9
        GSM6665165
        96.0%
        GSM6665165_SRR21999335_1
        55.8%
        48%
        35.1
        GSM6665165_SRR21999335_2
        54.4%
        48%
        35.1
        GSM6665165_STAR
        94.7%
        33.2
        GSM6665166
        95.9%
        GSM6665166_SRR21999336_1
        61.6%
        50%
        43.3
        GSM6665166_SRR21999336_2
        60.7%
        50%
        43.3
        GSM6665166_STAR
        92.2%
        39.9
        GSM6665167
        94.7%
        GSM6665167_SRR21999337_1
        53.1%
        48%
        35.0
        GSM6665167_SRR21999337_2
        52.3%
        48%
        35.0
        GSM6665167_STAR
        92.8%
        32.5
        GSM6665168
        95.2%
        GSM6665168_SRR21999338_1
        55.5%
        49%
        34.5
        GSM6665168_SRR21999338_2
        54.3%
        49%
        34.5
        GSM6665168_STAR
        92.7%
        32.0
        GSM6665169
        95.0%
        GSM6665169_SRR21999339_1
        52.3%
        48%
        33.9
        GSM6665169_SRR21999339_2
        52.0%
        48%
        33.9
        GSM6665169_STAR
        93.5%
        31.7
        GSM6665170
        96.1%
        GSM6665170_SRR21999340_1
        60.0%
        48%
        43.4
        GSM6665170_SRR21999340_2
        58.6%
        48%
        43.4
        GSM6665170_STAR
        94.3%
        40.9
        GSM6665171
        95.2%
        GSM6665171_SRR21999341_1
        52.4%
        48%
        33.5
        GSM6665171_SRR21999341_2
        52.4%
        48%
        33.5
        GSM6665171_STAR
        92.9%
        31.1
        GSM6665172
        96.4%
        GSM6665172_SRR21999342_1
        60.5%
        48%
        41.4
        GSM6665172_SRR21999342_2
        59.2%
        48%
        41.4
        GSM6665172_STAR
        94.2%
        39.0
        GSM6665173
        95.9%
        GSM6665173_SRR21999343_1
        56.3%
        48%
        37.4
        GSM6665173_SRR21999343_2
        54.7%
        48%
        37.4
        GSM6665173_STAR
        94.2%
        35.3
        GSM6665174
        94.9%
        GSM6665174_SRR21999344_1
        58.0%
        48%
        33.1
        GSM6665174_SRR21999344_2
        58.0%
        48%
        33.1
        GSM6665174_STAR
        91.8%
        30.4
        GSM6665175
        94.3%
        GSM6665175_SRR21999345_1
        56.2%
        48%
        35.5
        GSM6665175_SRR21999345_2
        56.6%
        48%
        35.5
        GSM6665175_STAR
        91.3%
        32.5
        GSM6665176
        95.6%
        GSM6665176_SRR21999346_1
        57.1%
        49%
        39.3
        GSM6665176_SRR21999346_2
        56.0%
        49%
        39.3
        GSM6665176_STAR
        93.4%
        36.7
        GSM6665177
        95.2%
        GSM6665177_SRR21999347_1
        53.2%
        48%
        35.2
        GSM6665177_SRR21999347_2
        53.2%
        48%
        35.2
        GSM6665177_STAR
        92.9%
        32.7
        GSM6665178
        95.2%
        GSM6665178_SRR21999348_1
        53.9%
        48%
        33.3
        GSM6665178_SRR21999348_2
        54.1%
        48%
        33.3
        GSM6665178_STAR
        93.1%
        31.0
        GSM6665179
        95.0%
        GSM6665179_SRR21999349_1
        51.8%
        48%
        35.9
        GSM6665179_SRR21999349_2
        51.5%
        48%
        35.9
        GSM6665179_STAR
        93.4%
        33.5
        GSM6665180
        94.9%
        GSM6665180_SRR21999350_1
        53.7%
        48%
        36.8
        GSM6665180_SRR21999350_2
        54.0%
        48%
        36.8
        GSM6665180_STAR
        93.0%
        34.2
        GSM6665181
        94.0%
        GSM6665181_SRR21999351_1
        55.8%
        48%
        42.3
        GSM6665181_SRR21999351_2
        52.9%
        48%
        42.3
        GSM6665181_STAR
        93.4%
        39.5
        GSM6665182
        95.8%
        GSM6665182_SRR21999352_1
        81.2%
        45%
        36.8
        GSM6665182_SRR21999352_2
        80.2%
        45%
        36.8
        GSM6665182_STAR
        94.1%
        34.6
        GSM6665183
        95.2%
        GSM6665183_SRR21999353_1
        58.3%
        47%
        34.0
        GSM6665183_SRR21999353_2
        58.7%
        47%
        34.0
        GSM6665183_STAR
        93.1%
        31.7
        GSM6665184
        95.6%
        GSM6665184_SRR21999354_1
        61.7%
        48%
        42.9
        GSM6665184_SRR21999354_2
        60.1%
        48%
        42.9
        GSM6665184_STAR
        93.3%
        40.1
        GSM6665185
        95.3%
        GSM6665185_SRR21999355_1
        53.9%
        48%
        38.6
        GSM6665185_SRR21999355_2
        52.0%
        48%
        38.6
        GSM6665185_STAR
        94.2%
        36.4
        GSM6665186
        95.7%
        GSM6665186_SRR21999356_1
        59.5%
        51%
        33.5
        GSM6665186_SRR21999356_2
        58.3%
        51%
        33.5
        GSM6665186_STAR
        90.5%
        30.3
        GSM6665187
        95.5%
        GSM6665187_SRR21999357_1
        58.9%
        47%
        41.1
        GSM6665187_SRR21999357_2
        57.1%
        47%
        41.1
        GSM6665187_STAR
        94.6%
        38.9
        GSM6665188
        96.3%
        GSM6665188_SRR21999358_1
        61.9%
        48%
        35.2
        GSM6665188_SRR21999358_2
        61.0%
        48%
        35.2
        GSM6665188_STAR
        93.9%
        33.1
        GSM6665189
        94.7%
        GSM6665189_SRR21999359_1
        65.0%
        47%
        41.3
        GSM6665189_SRR21999359_2
        63.8%
        47%
        41.3
        GSM6665189_STAR
        93.2%
        38.5
        GSM6665190
        96.7%
        GSM6665190_SRR21999360_1
        62.4%
        48%
        39.5
        GSM6665190_SRR21999360_2
        61.1%
        48%
        39.5
        GSM6665190_STAR
        93.9%
        37.1
        GSM6665191
        95.6%
        GSM6665191_SRR21999361_1
        61.2%
        48%
        38.5
        GSM6665191_SRR21999361_2
        59.4%
        48%
        38.5
        GSM6665191_STAR
        94.2%
        36.3
        GSM6665192
        95.4%
        GSM6665192_SRR21999362_1
        56.5%
        48%
        39.2
        GSM6665192_SRR21999362_2
        53.0%
        48%
        39.2
        GSM6665192_STAR
        94.1%
        36.9
        GSM6665193
        96.1%
        GSM6665193_SRR21999363_1
        56.9%
        48%
        38.9
        GSM6665193_SRR21999363_2
        55.4%
        48%
        38.9
        GSM6665193_STAR
        94.6%
        36.8
        GSM6665194
        95.8%
        GSM6665194_SRR21999364_1
        56.5%
        49%
        36.6
        GSM6665194_SRR21999364_2
        54.6%
        49%
        36.6
        GSM6665194_STAR
        92.3%
        33.8
        GSM6665195
        95.3%
        GSM6665195_SRR21999365_1
        54.9%
        48%
        32.9
        GSM6665195_SRR21999365_2
        55.2%
        48%
        32.9
        GSM6665195_STAR
        92.9%
        30.6
        GSM6665196
        95.3%
        GSM6665196_SRR21999366_1
        71.5%
        52%
        45.0
        GSM6665196_SRR21999366_2
        70.1%
        53%
        45.0
        GSM6665196_STAR
        87.2%
        39.3
        GSM6665197
        94.5%
        GSM6665197_SRR21999367_1
        50.8%
        47%
        34.3
        GSM6665197_SRR21999367_2
        50.5%
        47%
        34.3
        GSM6665197_STAR
        93.1%
        31.9
        GSM6665198
        96.3%
        GSM6665198_SRR21999368_1
        72.6%
        53%
        32.7
        GSM6665198_SRR21999368_2
        71.3%
        53%
        32.7
        GSM6665198_STAR
        87.5%
        28.6
        GSM6665199
        93.8%
        GSM6665199_SRR21999369_1
        50.8%
        47%
        32.5
        GSM6665199_SRR21999369_2
        50.6%
        47%
        32.5
        GSM6665199_STAR
        93.0%
        30.2
        GSM6665200
        95.1%
        GSM6665200_SRR21999370_1
        74.2%
        54%
        33.7
        GSM6665200_SRR21999370_2
        74.4%
        54%
        33.7
        GSM6665200_STAR
        79.2%
        26.7
        GSM6665201
        95.4%
        GSM6665201_SRR21999371_1
        52.6%
        47%
        39.0
        GSM6665201_SRR21999371_2
        50.5%
        47%
        39.0
        GSM6665201_STAR
        94.7%
        36.9
        GSM6665202
        93.5%
        GSM6665202_SRR21999372_1
        64.7%
        52%
        38.4
        GSM6665202_SRR21999372_2
        64.6%
        52%
        38.4
        GSM6665202_STAR
        83.3%
        32.0
        GSM6665203
        95.8%
        GSM6665203_SRR21999373_1
        57.7%
        47%
        41.0
        GSM6665203_SRR21999373_2
        55.3%
        48%
        41.0
        GSM6665203_STAR
        94.8%
        38.9
        GSM6665204
        92.1%
        GSM6665204_SRR21999374_1
        54.7%
        51%
        33.7
        GSM6665204_SRR21999374_2
        54.1%
        51%
        33.7
        GSM6665204_STAR
        87.8%
        29.6
        GSM6665205
        94.1%
        GSM6665205_SRR21999375_1
        51.6%
        47%
        34.4
        GSM6665205_SRR21999375_2
        51.4%
        47%
        34.4
        GSM6665205_STAR
        93.1%
        32.0
        GSM6665206
        95.1%
        GSM6665206_SRR21999376_1
        65.3%
        51%
        38.8
        GSM6665206_SRR21999376_2
        64.1%
        51%
        38.8
        GSM6665206_STAR
        89.2%
        34.6
        GSM6665207
        95.1%
        GSM6665207_SRR21999377_1
        51.0%
        47%
        35.3
        GSM6665207_SRR21999377_2
        48.9%
        47%
        35.3
        GSM6665207_STAR
        94.8%
        33.5
        GSM6665208
        91.0%
        GSM6665208_SRR21999378_1
        68.7%
        55%
        40.7
        GSM6665208_SRR21999378_2
        67.5%
        55%
        40.7
        GSM6665208_STAR
        81.3%
        33.1
        GSM6665209
        95.5%
        GSM6665209_SRR21999379_1
        52.4%
        48%
        32.6
        GSM6665209_SRR21999379_2
        50.7%
        48%
        32.6
        GSM6665209_STAR
        94.5%
        30.8
        GSM6665210
        94.9%
        GSM6665210_SRR21999380_1
        61.6%
        51%
        36.8
        GSM6665210_SRR21999380_2
        60.4%
        51%
        36.8
        GSM6665210_STAR
        90.7%
        33.4
        GSM6665211
        95.3%
        GSM6665211_SRR21999381_1
        55.2%
        48%
        35.4
        GSM6665211_SRR21999381_2
        53.0%
        48%
        35.4
        GSM6665211_STAR
        94.3%
        33.3
        GSM6665212
        94.9%
        GSM6665212_SRR21999382_1
        59.4%
        51%
        42.7
        GSM6665212_SRR21999382_2
        58.0%
        51%
        42.7
        GSM6665212_STAR
        89.9%
        38.4
        GSM6665213
        95.1%
        GSM6665213_SRR21999383_1
        52.7%
        47%
        33.5
        GSM6665213_SRR21999383_2
        50.9%
        47%
        33.5
        GSM6665213_STAR
        94.4%
        31.6
        GSM6665214
        93.9%
        GSM6665214_SRR21999384_1
        71.1%
        53%
        34.2
        GSM6665214_SRR21999384_2
        71.3%
        54%
        34.2
        GSM6665214_STAR
        76.0%
        26.0
        GSM6665215
        94.2%
        GSM6665215_SRR21999385_1
        58.3%
        47%
        40.2
        GSM6665215_SRR21999385_2
        57.6%
        47%
        40.2
        GSM6665215_STAR
        93.8%
        37.7
        GSM6665216
        95.1%
        GSM6665216_SRR21999386_1
        71.6%
        53%
        34.0
        GSM6665216_SRR21999386_2
        71.6%
        53%
        34.0
        GSM6665216_STAR
        83.6%
        28.4
        GSM6665217
        94.5%
        GSM6665217_SRR21999387_1
        51.6%
        47%
        34.6
        GSM6665217_SRR21999387_2
        51.4%
        47%
        34.6
        GSM6665217_STAR
        93.9%
        32.5
        GSM6665218
        95.0%
        GSM6665218_SRR21999388_1
        69.4%
        52%
        33.9
        GSM6665218_SRR21999388_2
        67.9%
        52%
        33.9
        GSM6665218_STAR
        86.9%
        29.5
        GSM6665219
        96.3%
        GSM6665219_SRR21999389_1
        59.2%
        48%
        44.0
        GSM6665219_SRR21999389_2
        57.6%
        48%
        44.0
        GSM6665219_STAR
        94.7%
        41.6
        GSM6665220
        96.7%
        GSM6665220_SRR21999390_1
        74.1%
        54%
        39.1
        GSM6665220_SRR21999390_2
        72.9%
        54%
        39.1
        GSM6665220_STAR
        86.2%
        33.7
        GSM6665221
        94.2%
        GSM6665221_SRR21999391_1
        52.0%
        48%
        33.9
        GSM6665221_SRR21999391_2
        51.9%
        48%
        33.9
        GSM6665221_STAR
        92.5%
        31.3
        GSM6665222
        95.5%
        GSM6665222_SRR21999392_1
        57.0%
        49%
        36.4
        GSM6665222_SRR21999392_2
        55.3%
        49%
        36.4
        GSM6665222_STAR
        92.8%
        33.8
        GSM6665223
        94.6%
        GSM6665223_SRR21999393_1
        57.1%
        47%
        41.4
        GSM6665223_SRR21999393_2
        56.7%
        48%
        41.4
        GSM6665223_STAR
        93.2%
        38.6
        GSM6665224
        94.9%
        GSM6665224_SRR21999394_1
        62.8%
        52%
        43.7
        GSM6665224_SRR21999394_2
        60.8%
        52%
        43.7
        GSM6665224_STAR
        88.2%
        38.5
        GSM6665225
        95.5%
        GSM6665225_SRR21999395_1
        56.9%
        47%
        41.0
        GSM6665225_SRR21999395_2
        55.0%
        47%
        41.0
        GSM6665225_STAR
        94.0%
        38.6
        GSM6665226
        95.2%
        GSM6665226_SRR21999396_1
        59.0%
        51%
        38.6
        GSM6665226_SRR21999396_2
        57.4%
        51%
        38.6
        GSM6665226_STAR
        88.2%
        34.1
        GSM6665227
        95.2%
        GSM6665227_SRR21999397_1
        52.6%
        48%
        35.0
        GSM6665227_SRR21999397_2
        52.4%
        48%
        35.0
        GSM6665227_STAR
        92.8%
        32.5
        GSM6665228
        94.1%
        GSM6665228_SRR21999398_1
        60.4%
        51%
        34.9
        GSM6665228_SRR21999398_2
        60.4%
        51%
        34.9
        GSM6665228_STAR
        87.5%
        30.5
        GSM6665229
        93.7%
        GSM6665229_SRR21999399_1
        61.3%
        47%
        34.3
        GSM6665229_SRR21999399_2
        61.0%
        47%
        34.3
        GSM6665229_STAR
        92.0%
        31.6
        GSM6665230
        95.8%
        GSM6665230_SRR21999400_1
        68.4%
        52%
        42.3
        GSM6665230_SRR21999400_2
        67.0%
        52%
        42.3
        GSM6665230_STAR
        89.2%
        37.7
        GSM6665231
        95.3%
        GSM6665231_SRR21999401_1
        62.2%
        48%
        44.3
        GSM6665231_SRR21999401_2
        60.7%
        48%
        44.3
        GSM6665231_STAR
        93.0%
        41.2
        GSM6665232
        95.5%
        GSM6665232_SRR21999402_1
        75.6%
        51%
        46.9
        GSM6665232_SRR21999402_2
        74.6%
        51%
        46.9
        GSM6665232_STAR
        89.8%
        42.1
        GSM6665233
        94.7%
        GSM6665233_SRR21999403_1
        51.7%
        47%
        34.5
        GSM6665233_SRR21999403_2
        49.5%
        47%
        34.5
        GSM6665233_STAR
        94.1%
        32.5
        GSM6665234
        94.4%
        GSM6665234_SRR21999404_1
        67.8%
        53%
        35.3
        GSM6665234_SRR21999404_2
        67.4%
        54%
        35.3
        GSM6665234_STAR
        81.0%
        28.6
        GSM6665235
        95.8%
        GSM6665235_SRR21999405_1
        57.9%
        49%
        34.7
        GSM6665235_SRR21999405_2
        56.7%
        49%
        34.7
        GSM6665235_STAR
        93.7%
        32.6
        GSM6665236
        95.4%
        GSM6665236_SRR21999406_1
        64.0%
        49%
        45.9
        GSM6665236_SRR21999406_2
        62.7%
        49%
        45.9
        GSM6665236_STAR
        92.2%
        42.3
        GSM6665237
        95.6%
        GSM6665237_SRR21999407_1
        61.3%
        48%
        48.3
        GSM6665237_SRR21999407_2
        59.6%
        48%
        48.3
        GSM6665237_STAR
        93.6%
        45.3
        GSM6665238
        94.5%
        GSM6665238_SRR21999408_1
        63.6%
        51%
        41.9
        GSM6665238_SRR21999408_2
        62.4%
        51%
        41.9
        GSM6665238_STAR
        89.2%
        37.4
        GSM6665239
        95.5%
        GSM6665239_SRR21999409_1
        58.0%
        47%
        40.7
        GSM6665239_SRR21999409_2
        56.8%
        47%
        40.7
        GSM6665239_STAR
        94.8%
        38.6

        Rsem

        Rsem RSEM (RNA-Seq by Expectation-Maximization) is a software package forestimating gene and isoform expression levels from RNA-Seq data.DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-12-323.

        Mapped Reads

        A breakdown of how all reads were aligned for each sample.

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        Multimapping rates

        A frequency histogram showing how many reads were aligned to n reference regions.

        In an ideal world, every sequence reads would align uniquely to a single location in the reference. However, due to factors such as repeititve sequences, short reads and sequencing errors, reads can be align to the reference 0, 1 or more times. This plot shows the frequency of each factor of multimapping. Good samples should have the majority of reads aligning once.

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        STAR

        STAR is an ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner.DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts635.

        Alignment Scores

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        FastQ Screen

        Version: 0.15.1

        FastQ Screen allows you to screen a library of sequences in FastQ format against a set of sequence databases so you can see if the composition of the library matches with what you expect.DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15931.2.

        Mapped Reads

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        FastQC

        Version: 0.11.9

        FastQC is a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data, written by Simon Andrews at the Babraham Institute in Cambridge.

        Sequence Counts

        Sequence counts for each sample. Duplicate read counts are an estimate only.

        This plot show the total number of reads, broken down into unique and duplicate if possible (only more recent versions of FastQC give duplicate info).

        You can read more about duplicate calculation in the FastQC documentation. A small part has been copied here for convenience:

        Only sequences which first appear in the first 100,000 sequences in each file are analysed. This should be enough to get a good impression for the duplication levels in the whole file. Each sequence is tracked to the end of the file to give a representative count of the overall duplication level.

        The duplication detection requires an exact sequence match over the whole length of the sequence. Any reads over 75bp in length are truncated to 50bp for this analysis.

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        Sequence Quality Histograms

        The mean quality value across each base position in the read.

        To enable multiple samples to be plotted on the same graph, only the mean quality scores are plotted (unlike the box plots seen in FastQC reports).

        Taken from the FastQC help:

        The y-axis on the graph shows the quality scores. The higher the score, the better the base call. The background of the graph divides the y axis into very good quality calls (green), calls of reasonable quality (orange), and calls of poor quality (red). The quality of calls on most platforms will degrade as the run progresses, so it is common to see base calls falling into the orange area towards the end of a read.

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        Per Sequence Quality Scores

        The number of reads with average quality scores. Shows if a subset of reads has poor quality.

        From the FastQC help:

        The per sequence quality score report allows you to see if a subset of your sequences have universally low quality values. It is often the case that a subset of sequences will have universally poor quality, however these should represent only a small percentage of the total sequences.

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        Per Base Sequence Content

        The proportion of each base position for which each of the four normal DNA bases has been called.

        To enable multiple samples to be shown in a single plot, the base composition data is shown as a heatmap. The colours represent the balance between the four bases: an even distribution should give an even muddy brown colour. Hover over the plot to see the percentage of the four bases under the cursor.

        To see the data as a line plot, as in the original FastQC graph, click on a sample track.

        From the FastQC help:

        Per Base Sequence Content plots out the proportion of each base position in a file for which each of the four normal DNA bases has been called.

        In a random library you would expect that there would be little to no difference between the different bases of a sequence run, so the lines in this plot should run parallel with each other. The relative amount of each base should reflect the overall amount of these bases in your genome, but in any case they should not be hugely imbalanced from each other.

        It's worth noting that some types of library will always produce biased sequence composition, normally at the start of the read. Libraries produced by priming using random hexamers (including nearly all RNA-Seq libraries) and those which were fragmented using transposases inherit an intrinsic bias in the positions at which reads start. This bias does not concern an absolute sequence, but instead provides enrichement of a number of different K-mers at the 5' end of the reads. Whilst this is a true technical bias, it isn't something which can be corrected by trimming and in most cases doesn't seem to adversely affect the downstream analysis.

        Click a sample row to see a line plot for that dataset.
        Rollover for sample name
        Position: -
        %T: -
        %C: -
        %A: -
        %G: -

        Per Sequence GC Content

        The average GC content of reads. Normal random library typically have a roughly normal distribution of GC content.

        From the FastQC help:

        This module measures the GC content across the whole length of each sequence in a file and compares it to a modelled normal distribution of GC content.

        In a normal random library you would expect to see a roughly normal distribution of GC content where the central peak corresponds to the overall GC content of the underlying genome. Since we don't know the the GC content of the genome the modal GC content is calculated from the observed data and used to build a reference distribution.

        An unusually shaped distribution could indicate a contaminated library or some other kinds of biased subset. A normal distribution which is shifted indicates some systematic bias which is independent of base position. If there is a systematic bias which creates a shifted normal distribution then this won't be flagged as an error by the module since it doesn't know what your genome's GC content should be.

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        Per Base N Content

        The percentage of base calls at each position for which an N was called.

        From the FastQC help:

        If a sequencer is unable to make a base call with sufficient confidence then it will normally substitute an N rather than a conventional base call. This graph shows the percentage of base calls at each position for which an N was called.

        It's not unusual to see a very low proportion of Ns appearing in a sequence, especially nearer the end of a sequence. However, if this proportion rises above a few percent it suggests that the analysis pipeline was unable to interpret the data well enough to make valid base calls.

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        Sequence Length Distribution

        All samples have sequences of a single length (150bp).

        Sequence Duplication Levels

        The relative level of duplication found for every sequence.

        From the FastQC Help:

        In a diverse library most sequences will occur only once in the final set. A low level of duplication may indicate a very high level of coverage of the target sequence, but a high level of duplication is more likely to indicate some kind of enrichment bias (eg PCR over amplification). This graph shows the degree of duplication for every sequence in a library: the relative number of sequences with different degrees of duplication.

        Only sequences which first appear in the first 100,000 sequences in each file are analysed. This should be enough to get a good impression for the duplication levels in the whole file. Each sequence is tracked to the end of the file to give a representative count of the overall duplication level.

        The duplication detection requires an exact sequence match over the whole length of the sequence. Any reads over 75bp in length are truncated to 50bp for this analysis.

        In a properly diverse library most sequences should fall into the far left of the plot in both the red and blue lines. A general level of enrichment, indicating broad oversequencing in the library will tend to flatten the lines, lowering the low end and generally raising other categories. More specific enrichments of subsets, or the presence of low complexity contaminants will tend to produce spikes towards the right of the plot.

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        Overrepresented sequences by sample

        The total amount of overrepresented sequences found in each library.

        FastQC calculates and lists overrepresented sequences in FastQ files. It would not be possible to show this for all samples in a MultiQC report, so instead this plot shows the number of sequences categorized as overrepresented.

        Sometimes, a single sequence may account for a large number of reads in a dataset. To show this, the bars are split into two: the first shows the overrepresented reads that come from the single most common sequence. The second shows the total count from all remaining overrepresented sequences.

        From the FastQC Help:

        A normal high-throughput library will contain a diverse set of sequences, with no individual sequence making up a tiny fraction of the whole. Finding that a single sequence is very overrepresented in the set either means that it is highly biologically significant, or indicates that the library is contaminated, or not as diverse as you expected.

        FastQC lists all the sequences which make up more than 0.1% of the total. To conserve memory only sequences which appear in the first 100,000 sequences are tracked to the end of the file. It is therefore possible that a sequence which is overrepresented but doesn't appear at the start of the file for some reason could be missed by this module.

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        Top overrepresented sequences

        Top overrepresented sequences across all samples. The table shows 20 most overrepresented sequences across all samples, ranked by the number of samples they occur in.

        Showing 20/20 rows and 3/3 columns.
        Overrepresented sequenceSamplesOccurrences% of all reads
        CTCGCTATGTTGCCCAGGCTGGAGTGCAGTGGCTATTCACAGGCGCGATC
        78
        9070504
        0.1447%
        CTTAATTCTTCCAGGGTTTGGAATTATTTCACATGTAGTTACCTATTACT
        45
        2930603
        0.0468%
        GTGGGCTTTTGCTCATGTGTCATTTAGGGTATAGCCTGAGAATAGTGGGA
        40
        2473456
        0.0395%
        CGGTGGCGCACGCCTGTAGTCCCAGCTACTCGGGAGGCTGAGACAGGAGG
        24
        2099195
        0.0335%
        CCAGGCTGGAGTGCAGTGGCTATTCACAGGCGCGATCCCACTACTGATCA
        18
        1447181
        0.0231%
        CGCACGCCTGTAGTCCCAGCTACTCGGGAGGCTGAGACAGGAGGATCGCT
        18
        1731078
        0.0276%
        CTCATCAATAGATAGAAACGTATAGGAATAGTCAAACTACATCTACGAAG
        16
        844419
        0.0135%
        GCCCAGGCTGGAGTGCAGTGGCTATTCACAGGCGCGATCCCACTACTGAT
        15
        1210293
        0.0193%
        GCCCCCTACTGTGAATAAGAAGATAAACCCTAAGGCTCATAATATGGCGG
        13
        722800
        0.0115%
        CCTCATCAATAGATAGAAACGTATAGGAATAGTCAAACTACATCTACGAA
        13
        693979
        0.0111%
        GTGTAAGCATCTGGATAATCAGAGTAACGACGAGGTATCCCCGCTAATCC
        12
        622501
        0.0099%
        GGTTTATCTTCTTATTCACAGTAGGGGGCCTAACAGGGATCGTACTATCT
        11
        622131
        0.0099%
        TCTCGCTATGTTGCCCAGGCTGGAGTGCAGTGGCTATTCACAGGCGCGAT
        10
        793950
        0.0127%
        AATTATTTCACATGTAGTTACCTATTACTCTGGAAAAAAAGAACCCTTCG
        9
        541348
        0.0086%
        CAGGGATCGTACTATCTAACTCATCCCTTGACATTGTACTTCATGATACA
        9
        526128
        0.0084%
        GGAGTTCTGGGCTGTAGTGCGCTATGCCGATCGGGTGTCCGCACTAAGTT
        8
        525928
        0.0084%
        AGGAGTTCTGGGCTGTAGTGCGCTATGCCGATCGGGTGTCCGCACTAAGT
        8
        443672
        0.0071%
        CCCAGCTACTCGGGAGGCTGAGACAGGAGGATCGCTTGAGTCCAGGAGTT
        7
        500941
        0.0080%
        CCCAGGCTGGAGTGCAGTGGCTATTCACAGGCGCGATCCCACTACTGATC
        7
        445322
        0.0071%
        TGCCCAGGCTGGAGTGCAGTGGCTATTCACAGGCGCGATCCCACTACTGA
        7
        449432
        0.0072%

        Adapter Content

        The cumulative percentage count of the proportion of your library which has seen each of the adapter sequences at each position.

        Note that only samples with ≥ 0.1% adapter contamination are shown.

        There may be several lines per sample, as one is shown for each adapter detected in the file.

        From the FastQC Help:

        The plot shows a cumulative percentage count of the proportion of your library which has seen each of the adapter sequences at each position. Once a sequence has been seen in a read it is counted as being present right through to the end of the read so the percentages you see will only increase as the read length goes on.

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        Status Checks

        Status for each FastQC section showing whether results seem entirely normal (green), slightly abnormal (orange) or very unusual (red).

        FastQC assigns a status for each section of the report. These give a quick evaluation of whether the results of the analysis seem entirely normal (green), slightly abnormal (orange) or very unusual (red).

        It is important to stress that although the analysis results appear to give a pass/fail result, these evaluations must be taken in the context of what you expect from your library. A 'normal' sample as far as FastQC is concerned is random and diverse. Some experiments may be expected to produce libraries which are biased in particular ways. You should treat the summary evaluations therefore as pointers to where you should concentrate your attention and understand why your library may not look random and diverse.

        Specific guidance on how to interpret the output of each module can be found in the relevant report section, or in the FastQC help.

        In this heatmap, we summarise all of these into a single heatmap for a quick overview. Note that not all FastQC sections have plots in MultiQC reports, but all status checks are shown in this heatmap.

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        Software Versions

        Software Versions lists versions of software tools extracted from file contents.

        SoftwareVersion
        FastQ Screen0.15.1
        FastQC0.11.9