format-version: 1.2 data-version: 4.120 date: 04:03:2023 20:13 saved-by: jrsmith auto-generated-by: --RGD OBO FILE GENERATOR -- build 2022-01-04 -- default-namespace: experimental_condition_ontology ontology: xco [Term] id: XCO:0000000 name: experimental condition def: "A state of being, an external or environmental factor or a treatment observed or administered prior to or concurrent with an investigative procedure such as an assessment of a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or in a group of individuals or samples, especially a state, factor or treatment which has the potential to influence the outcome of such an assessment." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries", PMID:22654893] [Term] id: XCO:0000001 name: activity def: "The state of being involved in some action, either physical or mental." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000002 name: resting def: "A state in which the organism is not exhibiting any physical exertion." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity [Term] id: XCO:0000003 name: resting on treadmill def: "A state in which the organism is on an non-operating exercise machine in which there is an endless belt that moves when operational so that the organism can walk or run in place." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000002 ! resting [Term] id: XCO:0000004 name: walking on treadmill def: "The action of ambulation on an exercise apparatus with an endless moving belt on which the organism can walk in place." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000007 ! walking [Term] id: XCO:0000005 name: running on treadmill def: "The act of rapidly moving the feet on an exercise apparatus with an endless belt that allows the user to perform the action of running in place." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000008 ! running [Term] id: XCO:0000006 name: swimming def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is the action of moving one's appendages to propel oneself through water." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity [Term] id: XCO:0000007 name: walking def: "The act of ambulation, moving oneself forward on legs or on an exercise apparatus." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity [Term] id: XCO:0000008 name: running def: "Condition in which the major influencing factor is the action of rapid movement of feet that propels the organism forward or is done on an exercise machine so that the organism performs the activity in place." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity [Term] id: XCO:0000009 name: controlled atmosphere composition def: "An experimental condition in which the amount of one or more of the gases which make up the air surrounding an organism are controlled, or in which additional components are added to the air surrounding an organism, as part of the experiment on that organism." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000010 name: air oxygen content def: "A condition in which the oxygen level of the air surrounding an organism or breathed by the organism is controlled as part of the experiment." [RGD:MS] relationship: part_of XCO:0000009 ! controlled atmosphere composition [Term] id: XCO:0000011 name: air temperature def: "The degree of heat or cold of the air surrounding an organism." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000111 ! temperature exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000012 name: air carbon dioxide content def: "A condition in which the level of carbon dioxide in the air surrounding the organism or breathed by the organism is controlled as part of the experiment." [RGD:MS] relationship: part_of XCO:0000009 ! controlled atmosphere composition [Term] id: XCO:0000013 name: diet def: "The food and drink consumed by an organism day to day." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000014 name: controlled content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of one or more elements of the diet are controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000019 ! solid diet [Term] id: XCO:0000015 name: controlled calorie content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the number of calories consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000016 name: standard rat chow is_a: XCO:0000069 ! standard diet [Term] id: XCO:0000017 name: nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of kidney." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:06:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000018 name: bilateral nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of both kidneys." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000017 ! nephrectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:07:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000019 name: solid diet def: "The solid food that is consumed by an organism." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet [Term] id: XCO:0000020 name: drink def: "A liquid consumed by an organism." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet [Term] id: XCO:0000021 name: water def: "The clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), specifically, as supplied for drinking, that is, to be brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc." [http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink "YourDictionary", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "drinking water" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000020 ! drink [Term] id: XCO:0000022 name: controlled sodium content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of sodium consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000023 name: controlled ethanol content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of ethanol, the alcohol with chemical formula CH3-CH2-OH obtained from the fermentation of sugars and starches or by chemical synthesis which is the intoxicating ingredient of alcoholic beverages, for consumption by an organism in an experiment." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000070 ! alcoholic drink is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000325 ! ethanol [Term] id: XCO:0000024 name: controlled iron content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of iron consumed is controlled." [https://www.merriam-webster.com, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "controlled Fe content diet" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000920 ! controlled mineral content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000025 name: controlled fat content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of fat consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000026 name: surgical removal def: "The process of ablating or extracting an organ, gland or other body part from an organism prior to, or in the process of, an experiment being performed on the organism." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries"] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation [Term] id: XCO:0000027 name: surgical implantation def: "Any insertion of a tissue, material or device into the body using a procedure involving incision into the body." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation [Term] id: XCO:0000028 name: caffeinated drink def: "A drink containing caffeine, one of the methylxanthines soluble in water and alcohol and obtainable from coffee, tea, guarana and mate." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000020 ! drink [Term] id: XCO:0000029 name: controlled carbohydrate content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of carbohydrates consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000172 ! carbohydrate [Term] id: XCO:0000030 name: controlled protein content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of protein consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000031 name: controlled calcium content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of calcium consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000032 name: controlled potassium content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of potassium consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000033 name: housing condition is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000034 name: individual housing is_a: XCO:0000033 ! housing condition [Term] id: XCO:0000035 name: housing in pairs is_a: XCO:0000033 ! housing condition [Term] id: XCO:0000036 name: housing with socially dominant partner is_a: XCO:0000035 ! housing in pairs is_a: XCO:0000490 ! ongoing social environment condition [Term] id: XCO:0000037 name: housing with socially subordinate partner is_a: XCO:0000035 ! housing in pairs is_a: XCO:0000490 ! ongoing social environment condition [Term] id: XCO:0000038 name: radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to any type of energy transmitted by waves through space or through some medium or to a stream of particles, such as electrons or alpha particles." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000039 name: ionizing radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to transmitted energy composed of particles that individually carry enough kinetic energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000040 name: gamma ray exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to high frequency, high energy electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components. Gamma radiation is traditionally considered to have wavelengths less than 0.01 nm and are generally emitted by nuclei rather than by electrons." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "gamma radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000039 ! ionizing radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000041 name: radon exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to transmitted energy from the gaseous radioactive element radon, atomic number 86, resulting from decay of radium. Such radiation is composed of particles that individually carry enough kinetic energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule. alpha, beta, and gamma rays are released during the radioactive decay of radon." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000039 ! ionizing radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000042 name: ultraviolet ray exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths between about 10 and 400 nm. Ultraviolet radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing depending on the wavelength." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation "Wikipedia", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "UV radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000043 name: X-ray exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths between approximately 0.01 and 10 nm." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation "Wikipedia"] synonym: "roentgen radiation exposure" EXACT [] synonym: "X-radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000039 ! ionizing radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000044 name: non-ionizing radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to transmitted energy that does not carry enough energy per quantum to completely remove an electron from an atom or molecule. Such radiation has sufficient energy only for excitation, the movement of an electron to a higher energy state." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-ionizing_radiation "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000045 name: electromagnetic radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components. Electromagnetic radiation includes, in order of decreasing wavelength, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light, x-rays, gamma rays, and cosmic rays." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000038 ! radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000046 name: infrared radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths longer than those of visible light, i.e. from approximately 750 nm to 1 mm." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation "Wikipedia"] synonym: "IR radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000044 ! non-ionizing radiation exposure is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000047 name: sensory stimulus def: "An action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus and the voyage made by incoming nerve impulses from the sense organs to the nerve centers. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [http://www.medterms.com "MedicineNet", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000048 name: auditory stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by organs and receptors involved in the sense of hearing. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "audible sound stimulus" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000049 name: visual stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by the optical sense organs. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000050 name: olfactory stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus, by organs or receptors involved in the sense of smell. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000051 name: taste stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by the gustatory receptors in the tongue. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000052 name: tactile stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by organs and receptors involved in the sense of touch, that is, the physiological sense by which external objects or forces are perceived through contact with the body. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000053 name: targeted heat exposure def: "An activity or condition involving a high temperature directed toward a particular part of an organism's body." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary] synonym: "heat exposure, targeted" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000308 ! heat exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000054 name: targeted cold exposure def: "An activity or condition involving a low temperature directed toward a particular part of an organism's body." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary] synonym: "cold exposure, targeted" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000306 ! cold exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000055 name: tactile electric shock exposure def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is the stimulation of nerves involved in the physiological sense by which external objects or forces are perceived through contact with the body via application of an electric current." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "foot shock" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000052 ! tactile stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000056 name: naive control condition def: "A baseline condition in which none of the experimental manipulations are performed." [RGD:MS] synonym: "standard control condition" RELATED [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XCO:0000057 name: rebreathed air def: "Breathing in again air which has been exhaled." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] relationship: part_of XCO:0000009 ! controlled atmosphere composition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:47:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000058 name: room temperature def: "The temperature of the air surrounding an organism which is considered the most common level for the facility. For humans the temperature considered most comfortable for a room is between 18 and 27 degrees celsius." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000011 ! air temperature created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:49:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000059 name: physical activity def: "Action in which a part of the body or whole body is involved in movement." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000001 ! activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:50:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000060 name: mental activity def: "Being in a state of action within the mind often involving manipulation of words or numbers." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000001 ! activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:50:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000061 name: serial subtraction exercise def: "An activity in which a person starts with a number and deducts a specified number from that and then deducts the same number from the remainder of the first computation, without using a calculator or pencil and paper." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000060 ! mental activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:51:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000062 name: cycling def: "The action of riding on a stationary or moving vehicle with wheels that is propelled by the movement of a person's legs." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:51:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000063 name: cycling, stationary def: "The act of propelling the wheel or wheels of a fixed exercise machine through the action of one's legs." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000062 ! cycling created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:52:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000064 name: cycling, non-stationary def: "The action of propelling a two wheeled vehicle by the movement of a person's legs." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000062 ! cycling created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:52:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000065 name: hand dynamometer activity def: "The action of squeezing an apparatus that measures the muscular contraction of the hand, used as a condition of exertion in experiments measuring other physiological functions." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:52:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000066 name: body position change def: "Change in position or attitude of body as part of the experiment in which measurements are taken before, during and/or after the change." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:53:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000067 name: body position change, seated to standing is_a: XCO:0000066 ! body position change created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:53:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000068 name: body position change, supine to standing is_a: XCO:0000066 ! body position change created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:53:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000069 name: standard diet is_a: XCO:0000019 ! solid diet is_a: XCO:0000099 ! control condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:56:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000070 name: alcoholic drink def: "A drink containing ethanol, a transparent, colorless, volatile,flammable liquid, which is formed by microbial fermentation of carbohydrates." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "ethanol" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000020 ! drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:10:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000071 name: beer def: "An alcoholic drink brewed by fermenting malt with sugar and yeast and flavored with hops." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000070 ! alcoholic drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:11:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000072 name: wine def: "Alcoholic drink made by fermenting the juice of grapes." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000070 ! alcoholic drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:11:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000073 name: liquor def: "Alcoholic beverage produced by distillation." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000070 ! alcoholic drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:11:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000074 name: controlled caffeine content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of caffeine consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Caffeine is a xanthine alkaloid that acts primarily as a central nervous system and metabolic stimulant, and also as a mild vasoconstrictor, diuretic, and bronchodilator." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000028 ! caffeinated drink is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:15:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000075 name: tea is_a: XCO:0000028 ! caffeinated drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:15:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000076 name: coffee def: "A drink made of the decoction or infusion of the dried, roasted sees of Coffea arabica or Coffea canephora." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000028 ! caffeinated drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:15:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000077 name: tobacco use def: "The use of any product made for human consumption from Nicotiana tabacum." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:17:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000078 name: cigar smoking def: "The action of smoking, inhalation of the gases and hydrocarbon vapors generated by burning a cigar, a rolled cylinder of tobacco wrapped in tobacco leaves." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com "Multiple_Dictionaries"] synonym: "Cigar Smoking NCI Thesaurus" RELATED [NCI:C19702] is_a: XCO:0000077 ! tobacco use created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:17:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000079 name: cigarette smoking def: "The action of smoking, inhalation of the gases and hydrocarbon vapors generated by burning a cigarette, a small roll of finely cut tobacco enclosed in a wrapper of thin paper." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com "Multiple_Dictionaries"] synonym: "Cigarette Smoking_NCI Thesaurus" RELATED [NCI:C18270] is_a: XCO:0000077 ! tobacco use created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:18:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000080 name: tobacco chewing def: "Mastication of a form of the prepared leaves of Nicotiana tabacum that is chewed." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000077 ! tobacco use created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:18:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000081 name: body position def: "The attitude or posture of the body." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "posture" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T09:05:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000082 name: sitting position def: "A position of rest in which the weight is largely supported by the buttocks, usually with the body vertical." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] synonym: "seated" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T09:06:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000083 name: standing position def: "A position in which an organism is upright balanced on two legs for bipedal organisms or four legs for quadrapedal organisms." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T09:06:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000084 name: supine position def: "A position in which the organism is lying face up." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T09:07:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000085 name: stationary bicycle dynamometer is_a: XCO:0000063 ! cycling, stationary created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T01:56:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000086 name: exercise training program def: "A fixed series of exercises or body movements repeated at intervals over a specified period of time as part of a program to improve strength, aerobic capacity or other elements of fitness." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T02:09:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000087 name: specific pathogen-free condition def: "A standard living condition with the absence of a resident pathogen, a biological agent that causes disease, especially a microorganism such as a bacterium, virus, or fungus." [https://www.dictionary.com, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] is_a: XCO:0000099 ! control condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-06-29T03:35:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000088 name: chemical def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:00:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000089 name: neoplasm-inducing chemical def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical, i.e., a substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules, which has the capacity to promote the formation of neoplasms, new and abnormal growths, specifically those in which cell multiplication is uncontrolled and progressive." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "cancer inducing agent" NARROW [] synonym: "carcinogen" NARROW [] synonym: "carcinogenic agent" NARROW [] synonym: "neoplasm inducing agent" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:01:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000090 name: 7,12-dimethyltetraphene (DMBA) def: "A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12- positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke." [] synonym: "7,12-dimethylbenzo[a]anthracene" RELATED [] synonym: "7,12-DMBA" RELATED [] synonym: "9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene" RELATED [] synonym: "DMBA" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:254496 xref: MESH:D015127 is_a: XCO:0000093 ! polycyclic arene created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:01:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000091 name: steroid def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a naturally occurring compound or related synthetic analog with a molecular structure based on the cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene carbon skeleton, that is, a phenanthrene, to the a side of which a three-carbon fragment is fused. According to the definition at the Chemical Entities of Biological Importance (ChEBI) database, 'By extension, one or more bond scissions, ring expansions and/or ring contractions of the skeleton may have occurred' which expands the class to include molecules based on but not containing the cannonical arrangement of four fused cycloalkane rings." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroid "Wikipedia", http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=22261 "MediLexicon"] xref: CHEBI:35341 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:03:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000092 name: 17 beta-estradiol def: "The predominant circulating form of estrogen, the female sex hormone." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estradiol "Wikipedia"] synonym: "beta-estradiol" RELATED [] synonym: "CO47085" RELATED [] synonym: "E2" RELATED [] synonym: "estradiol" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:16469 is_a: XCO:0000294 ! estrogen/estrogen analog created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:04:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000093 name: polycyclic arene def: "Any organic compound whose molecules are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12, and whose carbon atoms form continuous or closed chains linked by alternating double and single bonds that may be represented graphically by multiple interlinking circular or triangular forms." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries"] synonym: "polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:33848 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000278 ! polycyclic hydrocarbon created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:07:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000094 name: ovariectomy def: "The removal of one or both ovaries, the female gonads, from an organism." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "oophorectomy" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:28:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000095 name: bilateral ovariectomy def: "Surgical removal of both ovaries." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000094 ! ovariectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:29:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000096 name: unilateral ovariectomy def: "Surgical removal of a single ovary." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000094 ! ovariectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:29:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000097 name: right ovariectomy def: "Surgical removal of the right ovary." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000096 ! unilateral ovariectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:29:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000098 name: left ovariectomy def: "Surgical removal of the left ovary." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000096 ! unilateral ovariectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:30:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000099 name: control condition alt_id: XCO:0000056 alt_id: XCO:0000791 def: "A condition defined by a mostly uniform set of parameters accepted as normal or average and used by general consent as a basis of comparison. It is a baseline condition in which none of the experimental manipulations are performed." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "naive control condition" EXACT [] synonym: "standard condition" EXACT [] synonym: "standard control condition" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T02:06:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000100 name: sham surgical control condition def: "A surgical treatment or procedure that is performed as a control and that is similar to but omits a key therapeutic element of the treatment or procedure under investigation." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000099 ! control condition is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T02:06:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000101 name: vehicle control condition def: "A treatment used as a control in which a saline or other solution is administered in the same manner as the experimental solution minus the key element of the experimental solution." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "vehicle control diet" RELATED [] xref: PMID:28928461 is_a: XCO:0000099 ! control condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T02:07:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000102 name: fasting def: "Abstaining from the consumption of food, often for a specified period of time." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-08T09:37:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000103 name: glucose solution def: "A mixture in which molecules of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar (C6H12O6) which is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and the chief source of energy for living organisms, are distributed uniformly throughout another substance (the solvent), usually water, so that the mixture is homogeneous at the molecular level." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "dextrose solution" RELATED [] relationship: has_component XCO:0000275 ! glucose created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-08T09:40:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000104 name: glucose solution, 2.8M def: "A mixture in which 2.8 moles of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar (C6H12O6) which is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and the chief source of energy for living organisms, are distributed uniformly throughout a sufficient volume of another substance (the solvent), usually water, so that the mixture is homogeneous at the molecular level and the final volume is one liter." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000103 ! glucose solution created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-08T09:40:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000105 name: pancreatectomy def: "Surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas, the combined endocrine/exocrine gland situated transversely behind the stomach, between the spleen and the duodenum." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-10T02:19:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000106 name: anesthetic/analgesic def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is a drug or agent used to reduce or eliminate pain or sensation." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-01-21T09:44:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000107 name: pentobarbital def: "Short to intermediate acting barbiturate used as a sedative and hypnotic." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-01-21T09:45:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000108 name: pentobarbital, sodium def: "Sodium salt of pentobarbital, a short to intermediate acting barbiturate used as a sedative and hypnotic." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000107 ! pentobarbital created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-01-21T09:46:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000109 name: isoflurane def: "Potent inhalational anesthetic." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-01-21T09:48:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000110 name: prone position def: "A position in which the organism is lying face down." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-02-07T01:44:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000111 name: temperature exposure is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-02-08T02:22:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000112 name: unilateral nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of a single kidney." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000017 ! nephrectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:08:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000113 name: right nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of the right kidney." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000112 ! unilateral nephrectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:11:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000114 name: left nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of the left kidney." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000112 ! unilateral nephrectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:12:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000115 name: perfusate def: "Any fluid which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000340 ! solution created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2012-01-09T01:29:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000116 name: Kreb's solution perfusate def: "A buffered, aqueous solution usually containing the cations sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, and anions chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate and phosphate and often including glucose as an energy source which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Sigma/Product_Information_Sheet/1/k3753pis.Par.0001.File.tmp/k3753pis.pdf "Sigma-Aldrich", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "Krebs-Henseleit buffer perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "Krebs-Henseleit solution perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "Krebs-Ringer buffer perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "Krebs-Ringer solution perfusate" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000115 ! perfusate created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2012-01-09T01:29:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000117 name: saline solution perfusate def: "A fluid containing a specified amount of a chemical salt, for example sodium chloride, which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000115 ! perfusate created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2012-01-09T01:29:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000118 name: perfusate suspended def: "A condition in which a fluid which has been injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel, remains in but is no longer actively passed through the organ or tissue for a specified period of time." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000115 ! perfusate created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2012-01-09T01:29:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000119 name: amino acid def: "Any naturally occurring or synthetic organic compound containing an amino group, a carboxylic acid group and a side chain. An amino acid may be administered as a nutritional supplement or as a drug." [http://en.eikipedia.org/wiki/ "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T12:55:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000120 name: inhibitor def: "A substance or compound which interferes with a chemical reaction or a molecular or physiological process or activity." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/inhibitor "Multiple_Dictionaries", RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:09:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000121 name: NG-nitroarginine methyl ester def: "A basic amino acid, commonly known as L-NAME, used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase." [MESH:D019331] synonym: "L-NAME" EXACT [] xref: CAS:51298-62-5 xref: chembl.compound:CHEMBL7890 xref: MESH:D019331 xref: pubchem.compound:39836 is_a: XCO:0000119 ! amino acid is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:15:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000122 name: diuretic def: "A chemical which tends to increase the excretion of urine." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:51:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000123 name: sulfonamide def: "A compound containing a sulfonamide functional group. A sulfonamide functional group contains sulfonyl connected to an amine group and has the general structure R-S(=O)2-NH2. Sulfonamide also refers to several classes of drugs which include antimicrobial 'sulfa drugs', anticonvulsants and the sulfonylureas and thiazide diuretics." [http://en.eikipedia.org/wiki/ "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:35358 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure is_a: XCO:0000950 ! anticonvulsant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:52:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000124 name: furosemide def: "A diuretic drug which inhibits Nkcc2, one of the Na-K symporters and reduces the reabsorption of sodium chloride. Furosemide is used experimentally for sodium depletion." [http://en.eikipedia.org/wiki/ "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Frusemide" RELATED [] synonym: "Lasix" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:47426 xref: pubchem.compound:3440 is_a: XCO:0000122 ! diuretic is_a: XCO:0000123 ! sulfonamide created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:53:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000125 name: hormone def: "A chemical substance which in its endogenous state is produced by an organ, cells of an organ or scattered cells, having a specific regulatory affect on the activity of an organ or tissue." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T02:54:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000126 name: angiotensin def: "A peptide hormone which increases blood pressure by causing blood vessel constriction. Part of the renin-angiotensin system." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000141 ! vasoconstrictor is_a: XCO:0000228 ! peptide hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T03:00:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000127 name: norepinephrine def: "A catecholamine neurotransmitter and stress hormone with multiple physiological roles including affects on heart rate, blood pressure and vascular tone." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "noradrenaline" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000141 ! vasoconstrictor is_a: XCO:0000144 ! neurotransmitter is_a: XCO:0000230 ! monoamine hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T03:01:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000128 name: drink with chemical additive is_obsolete: true created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T03:23:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000129 name: water with NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester def: "Drinking water with a specified concentration of NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) added to it. L-NAME is used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase." [PGA:Renal_protocol] synonym: "water with L-NAME" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T03:23:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000130 name: ketamine def: "An analgesic and anesthetic which functions as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, binding to the allosteric site of the NMDA receptor and effectively inhibiting its channel." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketamine "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:6121 xref: pubchem.compound:3821 is_a: XCO:0000947 ! NMDA receptor antagonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:33:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000131 name: xylazine def: "An alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist used for sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, and analgesia in animals." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylazine "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:165540 xref: chembl.compound:CHEMBL297362 xref: pubchem.compound:5707 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:34:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000132 name: acepromazine def: "A phenothiazine-derivative antipsychotic drug used in animals as a sedative and antiemetic and which can also cause peripheral vasodilation." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acepromazine "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:44932 xref: pubchem.compound:6077 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:39:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000133 name: antigen def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is a chemical compound to which the body can mount a specific localized or systemic immune reaction, e.g. a T cell or B cell response." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed, RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:42:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000134 name: methacholine def: "A synthetic choline ester that acts as a non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist, that is, a chemical which when bound to the receptor produces a physiologic reaction typical of the naturally occurring ligand, in the parasympathetic nervous system." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methacholine "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:6804 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:45:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000135 name: receptor agonist def: "A drug or other chemical that can combine with a receptor to produce a physiologic reaction typical of a naturally occurring substance. A receptor is a molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect in the cell." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000214 ! activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:46:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000136 name: enzyme substrate is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:48:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000137 name: FAPGG def: "An oligopeptide substrate for continuous spectrophotometric assay of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) which hydrolyzes FAPGG to furylacryloylphenylalanine (FAP) and glycylglycine with a resulting decrease in absorbance at 340 nm." [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/f7131?lang=en®ion=US "Website", http://www.trinitybiotech.com/Product%20Documents/305-10-29%20EN.pdf "Website"] synonym: "3-(2-FurylAcryloyl)-L-PHE-GLY-GLY" EXACT [] synonym: "FurylAcrylolPhenylalanylGlycylGlycine" EXACT [] xref: CAS:64566-61-6 xref: pubchem.compound:6438387 is_a: XCO:0000136 ! enzyme substrate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:48:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000138 name: methylene blue def: "Methylene blue is monoamine oxidase inhibitor and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, as well as a cationic dye used as a redox indicator." [RGD:SL] synonym: "methylthioninium chloride" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:6872 xref: pubchem.compound:6099 is_a: XCO:0000199 ! oxidation-reduction indicator is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:51:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000139 name: vasoactive chemical def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a molecule that directly or indirectly acts upon blood vessels to cause constriction or dilation." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:53:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000140 name: vasodilator def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a molecule that functions to dilate or increase the interior diameter of blood vessels." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] is_a: XCO:0000139 ! vasoactive chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:55:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000141 name: vasoconstrictor def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a molecule that acts to constrict or reduce the interior diameter of blood vessels." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "vasopressor" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000139 ! vasoactive chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:56:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000142 name: sodium nitroprusside def: "The red-coloured inorganic salt with the formula Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]·2H2O used as a potent vasodilator." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_nitroprusside "Wikipedia"] synonym: "disodium pentacyanonitrosylferrate(2-) dehydrate" EXACT [] synonym: "sodium nitroferricyanide" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:29321 xref: pubchem.compound:11953891 xref: pubchem.compound:11963579 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:58:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000143 name: acetylcholine def: "An organic, polyatomic cation, formed as an ester of acetic acid and choline, that acts as a neurotransmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) in many organisms." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:15355 xref: pubchem.compound:187 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000144 ! neurotransmitter created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T08:00:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000144 name: neurotransmitter is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T08:01:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000145 name: phenylephrine def: "A selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist used primarily as a decongestant, as an agent to dilate the pupil, and as a vasoconstrictor." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylephrine "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:8093 xref: pubchem.compound:6041 is_a: XCO:0000141 ! vasoconstrictor is_a: XCO:0000673 ! alpha-adrenergic agonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T08:02:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000146 name: controlled oxygen content Kreb's solution perfusate def: "A buffered, aqueous solution usually containing the cations sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, and anions chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate and phosphate and often including glucose as an energy source in which a specified amount of the tasteless, odorless, colorless gas essential for aerobic respiration with atomic number 8 has been dissolved, which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Sigma/Product_Information_Sheet/1/k3753pis.Par.0001.File.tmp/k3753pis.pdf "Sigma-Aldrich", ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled oxygen content Krebs-Henseleit buffer perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled oxygen content Krebs-Henseleit solution perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled oxygen content Krebs-Ringer buffer perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled oxygen content Krebs-Ringer solution perfusate" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000116 ! Kreb's solution perfusate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-21T02:07:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000147 name: physiological salt solution perfusate def: "A fluid which is injected or pumped into an organ or tissue, usually via blood vessels, composed of a solution of sodium chloride at a concentration which closely approximates the osmolarity of salt in blood." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_%28medicine%29#Normal "Wikipedia"] synonym: "normal saline perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "PSS" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000117 ! saline solution perfusate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-21T02:18:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000148 name: controlled oxygen content physiological salt solution perfusate def: "A fluid which is injected or pumped into an organ or tissue, usually via blood vessels, composed of a solution of sodium chloride at a concentration which closely approximates the osmolarity of salt in blood, and which contains a specific, controlled concentration of oxygen gas, the tasteless, odorless, colorless gas with atomic number 8 essential for aerobic respiration, dissolved in it." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_%28medicine%29#Normal "Wikipedia", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "oxygenated PSS" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000147 ! physiological salt solution perfusate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-21T02:19:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000149 name: ion/salt def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and thereby acquired a charge, or is any of a large class of chemical compounds formed when a positively charged ion (a cation) bonds with a negatively charged ion (an anion)." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-23T07:25:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000150 name: potassium ion def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is an atom of potassium, the chemical element with atomic number 19, that has lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1. Potassium is the chief cation of intracellular fluid." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] comment: Not used for potassium salt in animal feed. For that application XCO:0000032, "controlled potassium content diet" is used. synonym: "K+ ion" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:29103 is_a: XCO:0000149 ! ion/salt created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-23T07:31:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000151 name: chemical time series is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-23T08:10:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000152 name: drug dose time series def: "The condition of exposing an organism, organ or tissue to a series of increasing or decreasing doses of a drug or other chemical from which a single measurement value is obtained." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000151 ! chemical time series created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-23T08:11:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000153 name: sample resting period def: "A predetermined and specified amount of time during which an experimental specimen sits undisturbed, for example to allow a chemical reaction to proceed." [RGD:JRS] synonym: "sample room temperature incubation" NARROW [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-26T10:46:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000154 name: ion/salt solution def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of one or more ions, i.e. atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electron(s) and thereby acquired a charge, or one or more salts, i.e. members of the large class of chemical compounds formed when a positively charged ion (a cation) bonds with a negatively charged ion (an anion), dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000340 ! solution relationship: has_component XCO:0000149 ! ion/salt created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-26T04:34:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000155 name: sodium chloride solution def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "saline solution" RELATED [] synonym: "salt solution" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:26710 is_a: XCO:0000254 ! sodium ion solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-26T04:36:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000156 name: 0.9% sodium chloride solution def: "A solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) and water in which the level of NaCl is maintained at a mass concentration of 9 grams per liter (0.9 grams per 100 mls of solution, or 0.9 % m/v). The osmolarity of normal saline is a close approximation to the osmolarity of NaCl in blood." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_%28medicine%29 "Wikipedia"] synonym: "0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection" RELATED [] synonym: "normal saline" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:26710 is_a: XCO:0000155 ! sodium chloride solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-26T04:56:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000157 name: physical restraint def: "The use of manual or mechanical means to limit some or all of an animal's normal movement for the purpose of examination, collection of samples, drug administration, therapy, or experimental manipulation." [http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/Guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-Laboratory-animals.pdf "NIH"] is_a: XCO:0000001 ! activity created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-06-07T12:30:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000158 name: physical restraint in mechanical restrainer def: "The use of mechanical means, i.e. a manufactured apparatus or machine, to limit some or all of an animal's normal movements." [http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/Guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-Laboratory-animals.pdf "NIH", RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000157 ! physical restraint created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-06-07T12:42:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000159 name: physical restraint in tube type rodent restrainer def: "The use of a tube type rodent restrainer, that is, a hollow cylinder usually made of a rigid clear material in a size that approximates the size of the animal and can be capped at one or both ends to prevent escape, to limit some or all of an animal's normal movements." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/Guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-Laboratory-animals.pdf "NIH"] is_a: XCO:0000158 ! physical restraint in mechanical restrainer created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-06-07T12:43:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000160 name: receptor antagonist def: "A substance that binds to a receptor without eliciting a biological response, blocking binding of substances that could elicit such responses." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-03T03:15:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000161 name: losartan def: "Angiotensin receptor antagonist and vasodilator which consists of a biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position. Losartan also has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position." [] xref: CHEBI:6541 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000536 ! angiotensin II receptor antagonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-09T10:53:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000162 name: pentolinium def: "Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, ganglionic blocking agent and vasodilator which consists of a dication whose structure comprises a pentane backbone linking two 1-methylpyrrolidinium groups." [] xref: CHEBI:347401 xref: CHEBI:55326 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-09T10:58:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000163 name: controlled content drinking water def: "Drinking water in which the amount of one or more solutes are adjusted to a requirement." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000021 ! water created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-09T11:14:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000164 name: controlled sodium content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of sodium, i.e. sodium ions, consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. A sodium ion is an atom of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that has lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000254 ! sodium ion solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-09T11:19:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000165 name: surgical manipulation def: "Any process involving manual and instrumental techniques for incision or excision of a part of an organism to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgery "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T01:38:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000166 name: controlled in situ organ condition def: "Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of an organ, that is, a differentiated, structural part of a system of the body that performs a specific function, is experimentally manipulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. without removal from the body." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries", RGD:JRS, RGD:MRD] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T02:55:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000167 name: controlled in situ kidney condition def: "Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is experimentally manipulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. without removal from the body." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000166 ! controlled in situ organ condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:01:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000168 name: controlled in situ renal perfusion pressure def: "Condition in which the difference in pressure between the arteries and veins in the kidney, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is experimentally regulated, for example by injecting or pumping a fluid into the kidney at a specified pressure or by regulating the blood flow through the kidney, without removal of the organ from the body." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000167 ! controlled in situ kidney condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:07:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000169 name: labeled chemical def: "Any chemical to which a tracer has been added such as the addition of a fluorescent tag or inclusion of a radioactive element during synthesis." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:39:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000170 name: fluorescently labeled chemical def: "Chemical to which a fluorescent tag has been added as a tracer." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000169 ! labeled chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:51:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000171 name: radioactively labeled chemical def: "Chemical into which a radioactive element has been incorporated as a tracer." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000169 ! labeled chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:53:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000172 name: carbohydrate def: "Any of a group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starches, celluloses, and gums and serves as a major energy source in the diet of animals." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] xref: CHEBI:16646 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T04:09:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000173 name: polysaccharide def: "A macromolecule consisting of large numbers of monosaccharide residues, that is, simple carbohydrate residues each consisting of a single basic sugar unit with the general formula Cn(H2O)n, linked glycosidically." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] xref: CHEBI:18154 is_a: XCO:0000172 ! carbohydrate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T04:13:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000174 name: inulin def: "A fructose-based starch derived from rhizomes of plants from the Compositae family and used as a diagnostic aid in tests of kidney function, specifically glomerular filtration." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] xref: CHEBI:15443 is_a: XCO:0000173 ! polysaccharide created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T04:15:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000175 name: tritiated inulin def: "Inulin, a fructose-based starch derived from rhizomes of plants from the Compositae family and used as a diagnostic aid in tests of kidney function, specifically glomerular filtration, into which the mass 3 radioactive isotope of hydrogen has been incorporated as a tracer." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed, Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "3H-inulin" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000171 ! radioactively labeled chemical is_a: XCO:0000174 ! inulin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T04:18:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000176 name: enzyme def: "Any of numerous proteins or conjugated proteins produced by living organisms and functioning as specialized catalysts for biochemical reactions." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-12T05:06:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000177 name: thrombin def: "An enzyme in blood formed from prothrombin that facilitates blood clotting by reacting with fibrinogen to form fibrin, as well as participating in additional steps in the coagulation pathway." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombin "Wikipedia"] xref: EC:3.4.21.5 is_a: XCO:0000176 ! enzyme created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-12T05:13:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000178 name: thapsigargin def: "A non-competitive inhibitor of the sarco / endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) class of enzymes. Acts as a non-phorbol-ester-type tumor promoter and acts as an inhibitor of calcium ATPase of endoplasmic reticulum, leading to an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ions." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thapsigargin "Wikipedia", Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary] xref: CHEBI:9516 is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000892 ! tumor promoter created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-12T05:24:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000179 name: ionizing ultraviolet radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths between 10 and 120 nm. Radiation (i.e. ultraviolet light) at this wavelength is considered ionizing, that is, composed of photons that individually carry enough energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule without raising the bulk material to ionization temperature." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation "Wikipedia", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation "Wikipedia"] synonym: "extreme ultraviolet ray exposure" RELATED [] synonym: "extreme UV ray exposure" RELATED [] synonym: "ionizing UV radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000039 ! ionizing radiation exposure is_a: XCO:0000042 ! ultraviolet ray exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T12:39:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000180 name: non-ionizing ultraviolet radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths between 120 and 400 nm. Radiation (i.e. ultraviolet light) at this wavelength does not have sufficient energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules although it can induce photochemical reactions, or accelerate radical reactions." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation "Wikipedia", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet "Wikipedia"] synonym: "near ultraviolet radiation exposure" NARROW [] synonym: "non-ionizing UV radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000042 ! ultraviolet ray exposure is_a: XCO:0000044 ! non-ionizing radiation exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T01:00:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000181 name: controlled visible light condition def: "Condition in which the presence or absence of visible light, that is, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between approximately 390 (violet) and 770 (red) nanometers, capable of stimulating the subjective sensation of sight, is constrained." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T02:59:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000182 name: controlled exposure to ambient light def: "Condition in which the natural, usual or environmental level and/or time of exposure to visible light, that is, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between approximately 390 (violet) and 770 (red) nanometers, capable of stimulating the subjective sensation of sight, is controlled." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] synonym: "diurnal condition" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000284 ! controlled visible light exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T03:09:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000183 name: controlled exposure to darkness def: "Condition during which visible light, that is, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between approximately 390 (violet) and 770 (red) nanometers, capable of stimulating the subjective sensation of sight, is removed." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] synonym: "nocturnal condition" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000181 ! controlled visible light condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T03:12:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000184 name: calcium ion def: "The divalent cation of calcium, the chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:29108 is_a: XCO:0000149 ! ion/salt created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T03:19:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000185 name: calcium ion solution def: "A solution of the divalent cation of calcium, the chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:29108 is_a: XCO:0000154 ! ion/salt solution relationship: has_component XCO:0000184 ! calcium ion created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T03:25:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000186 name: cytisine def: "A toxic selective nicotinic cholinergic alkaloid from the seed of Laburnum anagyroides and other Leguminosae. Used in pharmacological studies of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the brain." [Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary] synonym: "baptitoxine" RELATED [] synonym: "sophorine" RELATED [] xref: CAS:485-35-8 is_a: XCO:0000693 ! cholinergic agonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-30T08:40:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000187 name: trimethaphan camsylate def: "A drug that counteracts cholinergic transmission at the ganglion type of nicotinic receptors of the autonomic ganglia by acting as a non-depolarizing competitive antagonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimethaphan_camsylate "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Arfonad" RELATED [] synonym: "trimetaphan camsilate" EXACT [] xref: CAS:7187-66-8 xref: CHEBI:9729 is_a: XCO:0000630 ! cholinergic antagonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-30T08:54:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000188 name: darodipine def: "Calcium channel blocker." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darodipine "Wikipedia"] synonym: "PY 108-068" RELATED [] xref: CAS:72803-02-2 is_a: XCO:0000269 ! calcium channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-30T09:01:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000189 name: physical restraint on immobilization board def: "Immobilization of a subject on a frame or platform by securing all four limbs to it, e.g. by taping them to mounts attached to the frame, thereby eliminating the subject's ability to move at will." [Fink:Encyclopedia_of_Stress] is_a: XCO:0000158 ! physical restraint in mechanical restrainer created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-08-01T04:38:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000190 name: angiotensin I def: "The 10 amino acid cleavage product produced by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. Ang I is apparently inactive unless further cleaved by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) into Ang II." [PMID:18793332] is_a: XCO:0000126 ! angiotensin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-08-09T01:48:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000191 name: angiotensin II def: "The 8 amino acid cleavage product produced by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) on Ang I. Ang II is considered to be the main effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), has endocrine, autocrine/paracrine, and intracrine hormone activities in the body and acts as a powerful vasoconstrictor." [PMID:18793332] xref: CHEBI:48432 is_a: XCO:0000126 ! angiotensin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-08-09T01:58:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000192 name: deoxycorticosterone acetate def: "The acetate ester of 11-deoxycorticosterone, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11-Deoxycorticosterone "Wikipedia"] synonym: "21-hydroxyprogesterone acetate" RELATED [] synonym: "desoxycorticosterone acetate" RELATED [] synonym: "DOCA" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:16973 is_a: XCO:0000330 ! deoxycorticosterone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-08-09T02:19:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000193 name: peptide/protein def: "Any natural or synthetic complex organic macromolecule composed of chain(s) of amino acids. A peptide can be contain as few as two amino acids; a protein can contain multiple chains composed of hundreds of amino acids." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "polypeptide" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2012-08-27T04:50:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000194 name: antibody def: "An immunoglobulin molecule having a specific amino acid sequence that gives each antibody the ability to adhere to and interact only with the antigen that induced its synthesis and with molecules containing structures similar to that antigen. An antigen is any substance capable of inducing a specific immune response, including but not limited to toxins, bacterial proteins and viruses." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] synonym: "immunoglobulin" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2012-08-27T05:01:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000195 name: myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein def: "A membrane protein expressed on the oligodendrocyte cell surface and the outermost surface of myelin sheaths. Due to this localization, it is considered a primary target antigen involved in immune-mediated demyelination." [NCBI_Gene:4340] synonym: "Mog" RELATED [] synonym: "RGD:3102" NARROW [] synonym: "rMog (recombinant Mog)" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2012-08-27T05:05:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000196 name: glybenclamide def: "ATP-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor used as an anti-arrhythmia drug and a hypoglycemic/anti-diabetes drug. In the latter case, the drug causes beta cell membrane depolarization, which in turn results in opening of voltage-dependent calcium channels and subsequent insulin release." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glibenclamide "Wikipedia"] synonym: "glyburide" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:5441 is_a: XCO:0000225 ! potassium channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T11:39:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000197 name: indicator def: "Any substance that indicates the presence, absence, or concentration of another substance or the degree of reaction between substances by means of a characteristic change, especially in color." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T12:25:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000198 name: pH indicator def: "Any substance that indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions, that is the acidity level, of a solution by means of a characteristic change, especially in color." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000197 ! indicator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T12:30:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000199 name: oxidation-reduction indicator def: "Any substance which indicates the oxidation status of another substance or of a reaction by means of a characteristic change, especially in color." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "redox indicator" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000197 ! indicator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T12:34:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000200 name: 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid def: "A monocarboxylic acid that serves as an intermediate in the metabolism of leucine and a substrate for NADPH-dependent dehydrogenases." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Ketoisocaproic_acid "Wikipedia"] synonym: "2-Oxoisocaproate" EXACT [] synonym: "4-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid" EXACT [] synonym: "alpha-ketoisocaproic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "alpha-KIC" RELATED [] synonym: "Ketoleucine" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:48430 xref: pubchem.compound:70 is_a: XCO:0000136 ! enzyme substrate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T12:50:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000201 name: orchiectomy def: "Surgical removal of one or both testes." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "orchidectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "testectomy" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T01:13:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000202 name: unilateral orchiectomy def: "Surgical removal of a single testis." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "unilateral orchidectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "unilateral testectomy" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000201 ! orchiectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T01:18:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000203 name: bilateral orchiectomy def: "Surgical removal of both testes." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "bilateral orchidectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "bilateral testectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "castration" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000201 ! orchiectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T01:20:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000204 name: testosterone def: "The principal androgenic, that is, male sex hormone. Responsible for regulation of gonadotropic secretion, spermatogenesis and control of other male characteristics." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000229 ! steroid hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T01:41:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000205 name: mutation inducing chemical def: "An agent that causes or increases the frequency of permanent, heritable changes in the DNA sequence or chromosomal structure of a cell or organism." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "mutagen" EXACT [] synonym: "mutation inducing agent" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-11T04:39:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000206 name: N-nitrosodiethylamine def: "A component of tobacco smoke which has been shown to be mutagenic and carcinogenic in animal studies." [PMID:8910949] synonym: "diethylnitrosamine" RELATED [] synonym: "NDEA" RELATED [] synonym: "N,N-diethylnitrosamine" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-11T05:01:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000207 name: 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene (MDAB), an azobenzene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group, while the other is substituted at position 4 by a dimethylamino group. MDAB is a potent liver carcinogen." [http://potency.berkeley.edu/chempages/3%27-METHYL-4-DIMETHYLAMINOAZOBENZENE.html "Website"] synonym: "3'-Me-DAB" RELATED [] synonym: "3'-methyl-4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene" RELATED [] synonym: "4-Dimethylamino-3'-methylazobenzene" EXACT [] synonym: "MDAB" RELATED [] synonym: "methyldimethylaminoazobenzene" EXACT [] xref: CAS:55-80-1 xref: CHEBI:76329 xref: pubchem.compound:5934 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-11T05:33:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000208 name: 2-acetamidofluorene def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is 2-acetamidofluorene (2-AAF) an ortho-fused polycyclic arene that consists of 9H-fluorene bearing an acetamido substituent at position 2. 2-AAF and a number of its metabolites are both carcinogenic and mutagenic." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylaminofluorene "Wikipedia"] synonym: "2-AAF" RELATED [] synonym: "2-acetylaminofluorene" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:17356 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:33:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000209 name: hepatectomy is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:34:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000210 name: partial hepatectomy def: "A condition involving the surgical excision of part of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, and other processes. The partial liver removal may be minor (< 50%) or major (> 50%)." [ISBN-13:9780781733908, PMID:32156510] synonym: "major hepatectomy" NARROW [] synonym: "minor hepatectomy" NARROW [] xref: PMID:32156510 is_a: XCO:0000209 ! hepatectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:34:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000211 name: controlled sucrose content diet is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000432 ! sucrose created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:36:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000212 name: controlled copper content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of copper consumed is controlled." [https://www.merriam-webster.com, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "controlled Cu content diet" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000920 ! controlled mineral content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:36:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000213 name: arginine def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is arginine (L-arginine), an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group." [CHEBI:29016, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arginine] synonym: "2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "ARG" EXACT [] synonym: "L-arginine" EXACT [] synonym: "R" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:29016 xref: MESH:D001120 is_a: XCO:0000119 ! amino acid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:45:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000214 name: activator def: "Any substance that makes another substance active or reactive, induces a chemical reaction, or combines with an enzyme to increase its catalytic activity." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T05:09:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000215 name: controlled calcium ion content physiological salt solution perfusate def: "A fluid which is injected or pumped into an organ or tissue, usually via blood vessels, composed of a solution of sodium chloride at a concentration which closely approximates the osmolarity of salt in blood, and which contains a specific, controlled concentration of calcium ions, divalent cations of the metallic chemical element with atomic number 20, dissolved in it." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_%28medicine%29#Normal "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000147 ! physiological salt solution perfusate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:11:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000216 name: ion channel activator def: "Any chemical substance which increases the activity of an ion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of specific ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "ion channel agonist" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000214 ! activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T05:16:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000217 name: cation channel activator def: "Any chemical substance which increases the activity of a cation channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of positively charged ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000216 ! ion channel activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T05:40:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000218 name: 4-alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate def: "A phorbol ester analog that is an activator of TRPV4 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4) channels." [http://www.lclabs.com/PRODFILE/P-R/P-2170.php4 "Website"] synonym: "4-alpha-PDD" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:295732 xref: pubchem.compound:452544 is_a: XCO:0000217 ! cation channel activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T05:41:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000219 name: dihydrocapsaicin def: "A capsaicinoid which is an irritant and a selective TRPV1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1) agonist." [http://datasheets.scbt.com/sc-202578.pdf "Website"] synonym: "8-Methyl-N-vanillylnonanamide" EXACT [] synonym: "DHC" RELATED [] synonym: "N-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-8-methylnonanamide" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:46932 is_a: XCO:0000217 ! cation channel activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T06:08:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000220 name: anion channel agonist def: "Any chemical substance which increases the activity of an anion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of negatively charged ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000216 ! ion channel activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T06:11:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000221 name: ion channel inhibitor def: "Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of an ion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of specific ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "ion channel antagonist" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T06:13:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000222 name: cation channel inhibitor def: "Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a cation channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of positively charged ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "cation channel antagonist" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000221 ! ion channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T10:45:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000223 name: anion channel inhibitor def: "Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of an anion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of negatively charged ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "anion channel antagonist" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000221 ! ion channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T10:48:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000224 name: ruthenium red def: "An inorganic dye which also intereacts with many types of proteins including ion channels and enzymes." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruthenium_red "Wikipedia"] synonym: "ammoniated ruthenium oxychloride" EXACT [] synonym: "RuR" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:34956 is_a: XCO:0000222 ! cation channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:03:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000225 name: potassium channel inhibitor def: "Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a potassium ion channel, that is, a complex of membrane-bound and membrane-spanning proteins that specifically allow diffusion of positively charged potassium ions across a cell membrane." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_channel "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000222 ! cation channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:29:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000226 name: apamin def: "An 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin from bee venom which blocks small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apamin "Wikipedia"] synonym: "apamine" EXACT [] xref: pubchem.compound:16129677 xref: UniProtKB:P01500 is_a: XCO:0000225 ! potassium channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:41:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000227 name: charybdotoxin def: "A 37 amino acid peptide neurotoxin from scorpion venom that is a blocker of large- and intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charybdotoxin "Wikipedia"] synonym: "ChTX" RELATED [] synonym: "ChTx-a" RELATED [] synonym: "ChTX-Lq1" RELATED [] xref: UniProtKB:P13487 is_a: XCO:0000225 ! potassium channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:53:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000228 name: peptide hormone def: "A molecular chain compound composed of two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds that in its endogenous state is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000125 ! hormone is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-15T04:30:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000229 name: steroid hormone def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical substance the structure of which is based on the basic 17-carbon-atom ring system steroid nucleus but may or may not have the characteristic arrangement of four fused cycloalkane rings, and which is produced in its endogenous state by an organ, cells of an organ or scattered cells, having a specific regulatory affect on the activity of an organ or tissue." [CHEBI:35341, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:26764 is_a: XCO:0000091 ! steroid is_a: XCO:0000125 ! hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-15T04:36:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000230 name: monoamine hormone def: "A chemical substance consisting of an amine compound which contains one amino group and was derived from an aromatic amino acid, that in its endogenous state is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000125 ! hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-15T04:51:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000231 name: anti-RT6.1 antibody def: "Antibody directed against the RT6.1 cell surface alloantigen (also known as ART2, Pta.A2, and Ag-F1). RT6.1 is an allelic form of the RT6 antigen which is expressed on most peripheral T cells but not on thymocytes." [PMID:7559400] synonym: "anti-ADP-ribosyltransferase 2 antibody" EXACT [] synonym: "anti-Art2.1 mAb" RELATED [] synonym: "Art2 antibody" EXACT [] synonym: "DS4.23 mAb" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000194 ! antibody created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T12:39:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000232 name: nucleic acid def: "A high-molecular-weight polymeric compound composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T01:26:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000233 name: ribonucleic acid def: "A long, polymeric chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil bonded to the ribose. Although RNA is usually single-stranded it can also exist as RNA:RNA or RNA:DNA double strands." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] synonym: "RNA" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000232 ! nucleic acid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T02:15:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000234 name: deoxyribonucleic acid def: "A long, polymeric chain of alternating phosphate and deoxyribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine bonded to the deoxyribose. DNA can be single stranded or double stranded, that is, composed of either a single polymer or a pair of antiparallel polymers joined by hydrogen bonding between complementary bases." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] synonym: "DNA" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000232 ! nucleic acid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T02:22:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000235 name: Poly I:C def: "Poly I:C is a synthetic analog of dsRNA, which is the ligand of choice for Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). Poly(I:C) is composed of a strand of poly(I) annealed to a strand of poly(C)." [http://www.invivogen.com/tlr3-ligands?gclid=CLDYv5u4wLICFahaMgod_H8AGg "Website"] synonym: "polyinosine-polycytidylic acid" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000233 ! ribonucleic acid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T02:34:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000236 name: pathogen def: "An biological agent that causes disease, especially a living microorganism such as a bacterium, virus, or fungus." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000258 ! disease-inducing agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T03:04:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000237 name: viral pathogen def: "A virus which has the potential to cause disease. A virus is one of a group of heterogeneous infective agents characterized by their lack of independent metabolism, their inability to replicate outside a host cell, their simple organization and their unique mode of replication. A virus consists of genetic material--either DNA or RNA--surrounded by a protein coat and, in some cases, by a membranous envelope." [Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "virus" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000236 ! pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T03:06:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000238 name: Kilham rat virus def: "A common parvovirus pathogen which causes largely asymptomatic infections in rats. KRV can be used to model environmental influences in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus." [http://www.criver.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/rm_ld_r_Rat_Parvoviruses.pdf "Website", PMID:19720792] synonym: "KRV" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000237 ! viral pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T03:20:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000239 name: toxic substance def: "A chemical or biological substance which is capable of causing illness, debilitation or death, to living organisms, tissues or cells." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] synonym: "poison" RELATED [] synonym: "toxic chemical" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T03:57:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000240 name: toxin def: "A protein or conjugated protein produced by some higher plants, certain animals, and pathogenic bacteria, that is highly poisonous for other living organisms." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T04:07:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000241 name: streptozotocin def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is streptozotocin, a naturally occurring chemical that is particularly toxic to the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas in mammals. STZ can be used to treat pancreatic islet cell cancers and to model type 1 diabetes mellitus in animals via destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptozotocin "Wikipedia"] synonym: "streptozocin" EXACT [] synonym: "STZ" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:9288 is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance is_a: XCO:0000885 ! diabetes-inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T04:09:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000242 name: alloxan def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is alloxan, an oxygenated pyrimidine derivative which is toxic to the pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in rodents and other animals and can therefore be used for modeling type 1 diabetes mellitus through destruction of the beta cells." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alloxan "Wikipedia"] synonym: "2,4,5,6-pyrimidinetetrone" EXACT [] synonym: "5-Oxobarbituric acid" EXACT [] synonym: "alloxane" EXACT [] synonym: "mesoxalylurea" EXACT [] xref: pubchem.compound:5781 is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance is_a: XCO:0000885 ! diabetes-inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T04:29:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000243 name: partial pancreatectomy def: "Surgical removal of a portion of the pancreas, resulting in reduction but not elimination of the physiological functions of the pancreas." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] synonym: "subtotal pancreatectomy" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000105 ! pancreatectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T04:49:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000244 name: controlled fructose content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of fructose, the monosaccharide found in honey and many sweet fruits which chemically combines with glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose, is maintained at a specified level." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000428 ! fructose created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T05:00:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000245 name: insulin def: "A protein hormone formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. The major fuel-regulating hormone, it is secreted into the blood in response to a rise in concentration of blood glucose or amino acids. Insulin promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000228 ! peptide hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T05:04:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000246 name: controlled cholesterol content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of cholesterol, a steroid alcohol found in animal fats and oils, is controlled." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:42:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000247 name: controlled olive oil content diet def: "A regimen of solid food to which a specified amount of olive oil has been added." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000454 ! controlled oil content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:44:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000248 name: kidney transplant def: "A surgical procedure in which one or both kidneys from a donor organism are implanted into a recipient organism." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] synonym: "kidney transplantation" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000027 ! surgical implantation created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:46:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000249 name: left kidney transplant def: "A surgical procedure in which the left kidney from a donor organism is implanted into a recipient organism." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] is_a: XCO:0000248 ! kidney transplant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:51:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000250 name: right kidney transplant def: "A surgical procedure in which the right kidney from a donor organism is implanted into a recipient organism." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] is_a: XCO:0000248 ! kidney transplant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:53:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000251 name: secretagogue def: "Any agent that induces exocrine, endocrine, or paracrine secretion." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000214 ! activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:55:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000252 name: tolbutamide def: "A first generation potassium channel blocker and sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemic drug which stimulates the secretion of insulin by the pancreas." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolbutamide "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000225 ! potassium channel inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000251 ! secretagogue is_a: XCO:0000407 ! hypoglycemic agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:56:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000253 name: sodium ion def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is an atom of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that has lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] comment: Not used for sodium salt in animal feed. For that application XCO:0000022, "controlled sodium content diet" is used. synonym: "Na+ ion" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:29101 is_a: XCO:0000149 ! ion/salt created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-02-28T13:11:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000254 name: sodium ion solution def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "Na+ ion solution" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:29101 is_a: XCO:0000154 ! ion/salt solution relationship: has_component XCO:0000253 ! sodium ion created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-02-28T18:54:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000255 name: anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody def: "An immunoglobulin molecule or a preparation of multiple antibody molecules having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with one or more components of the structure located between endothelial cells of renal capillaries and the visceral epithelial cells of the kidney glomerulus." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed, Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "anti-GBM antibody" RELATED [] synonym: "nephritogenic monoclonal antibody b35" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000194 ! antibody created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T11:49:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000256 name: isoproterenol def: "A drug which is structurally similar to epinephrine and that binds to beta-adrenergic receptors to produce a physiologic reaction similar to or the same as that of epinephrine." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprenaline#Chemistry "Wikipedia"] synonym: "isoprenaline" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:64317 is_a: XCO:0000665 ! beta-adrenergic agonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T12:37:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000257 name: controlled hydrogen ion content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water containing a specified amount of hydrogen ions, the chemical element with atomic number 1 that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, for consumption by an organism in an experiment. Adjusting the amount of hydrogen ions adjusts the acidity, i.e. the pH of the drinking water." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] synonym: "controlled acidity water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled pH water" RELATED [] synonym: "water with adjusted pH" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T16:10:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000258 name: disease-inducing agent def: "Any phenomenon, chemical or biologic substance, or organism that exerts some force or effect resulting in a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any body part, organ, or system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "disease inducing agent" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T16:24:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000259 name: disease-inducing chemical def: "A substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules that exerts some force or effect resulting in a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any body part, organ, or system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "disease inducing chemical" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000258 ! disease-inducing agent is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T16:30:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000260 name: peptide/protein antigen def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is a peptide or protein, that is, any of a group of complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, capable of inducing a specific localized and/or systemic immune response." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] synonym: "antigenic protein" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000133 ! antigen is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T16:46:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000261 name: arthritis inducing chemical def: "A substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules that, when administered, results in the inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000349 ! arthritis-inducing agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T17:07:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000262 name: collagen def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is any of a family of extracellular, closely related proteins occurring as a major component of connective tissue, giving it strength and flexibility; composed of molecules of tropocollagen." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000260 ! peptide/protein antigen is_a: XCO:0000261 ! arthritis inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T17:35:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000263 name: pristane def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon derived from phytane by loss of its C-16 terminal methyl group." [] synonym: "2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:53181 xref: MESH:C009042 is_a: XCO:0000133 ! antigen is_a: XCO:0000261 ! arthritis inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T17:39:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000264 name: Freund's adjuvant def: "A nonspecific stimulator of the immune response consisting of non-metabolizable oils used to make water-in-oil emulsions with specific antigens. The adjuvant increases the strength of the immune response." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, https://www.invivogen.com/ifa "InvivoGen", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000133 ! antigen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T18:05:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000265 name: Freund's incomplete adjuvant def: "IFA is used to make a water-in-oil antigen-containing emulsion that lacks the Mycobacteria found in Complete Freund′s Adjuvant so it minimizes the side-effects. It is routinely used for boosting immunizations subsequent to use of Freund's complete adjuvant." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/f5506?lang=en®ion=US "Sigma-Aldrich", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "FIA" RELATED [] synonym: "IFA" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000264 ! Freund's adjuvant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T18:07:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000266 name: Freund's complete adjuvant def: "A water-in-oil emulsion incorporating antigen in the aqueous phase, and killed, dried mycobacteria, e.g., Mycobacterium butyricum in lightweight paraffin oil. A suspension is achieved with the aid of an emulsifying agent. The mixture induces both cell-mediated immunity (delayed hypersensitivity), and humoral antibody formation." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "CFA" RELATED [] synonym: "FCA" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000264 ! Freund's adjuvant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-01T18:10:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000267 name: peptidoglycan-polysaccharide def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is a polymer found in the cell walls of prokaryotes that consists of polysaccharide and peptide chains in a strong molecular network." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "PG-PS" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:8005 is_a: XCO:0000133 ! antigen is_a: XCO:0000173 ! polysaccharide is_a: XCO:0000261 ! arthritis inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-11T15:53:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000268 name: balloon angioplasty def: "A technique of mechanically widening narrowed or obstructed arteries by use of a soft catheter with an inflatable tip." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balloon_angioplasty "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000595 ! surgical manipulation of blood vessels created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-11T16:14:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000269 name: calcium channel inhibitor def: "Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a calcium channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that display selective permeability to calcium ions, the chemical element with atomic number 20 that has lost two electrons forming a cation with a charge of +2, and allow diffusion of these ions across a cell membrane." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "calcium channel blocker" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000222 ! cation channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-11T16:37:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000270 name: captopril def: "A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid with a pyrrolidine substituent at C-1, which decreases or interferes with the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used as an anti-hypertensive drug." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captopril "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:3380 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000863 ! antihypertensive agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-11T16:51:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000271 name: antioxidant def: "A substance that opposes oxidation, a reaction in which the atoms in an element lose electrons, and/or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, CHEBI:22586] synonym: "antioxydant" EXACT [] synonym: "antoxidant" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T11:01:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000272 name: tempol def: "A heterocyclic compound used as an agent for detoxifying reactive oxygen species. It catalyses the disproportionation of superoxide." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Hydroxy-TEMPO "Wikipedia"] synonym: "4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl" RELATED [] synonym: "4-Oxypiperidol" RELATED [] synonym: "HyTEMPO" RELATED [] synonym: "Nitroxyl-2" RELATED [] synonym: "Tanol" RELATED [] synonym: "TMPN" RELATED [] xref: pubchem.compound:137994 is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T11:09:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000273 name: carrageenan def: "A family of linear, sulfated, high-molecular-weight polysaccharides made up of repeating galactose and 3,6-anhydrogalactose units with alternating alpha 1-3 and beta 1-4 glycosidic linkages." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrageenan "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:3435 is_a: XCO:0000173 ! polysaccharide created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T13:07:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000274 name: monosaccharide def: "Any simple carbohydrate consisting of a single basic sugar unit with the general formula Cn(H2O)n, with n ranging from 3 to 8." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000172 ! carbohydrate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T13:10:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000275 name: glucose def: "A monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues. It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with fructose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries"] synonym: "dextrose" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000274 ! monosaccharide created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T13:28:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000276 name: hydrocarbon def: "Any of a large group of organic compounds whose molecules are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T16:18:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000277 name: cyclic hydrocarbon def: "Any organic compound whose molecules are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12, and whose carbon atoms form a continuous or closed chain linked by bonds that may be represented graphically by one or more circular or triangular forms." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries"] is_a: XCO:0000276 ! hydrocarbon created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T17:18:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000278 name: polycyclic hydrocarbon def: "Any organic compound whose molecules are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12, and whose carbon atoms form continuous or closed chains linked by bonds that may be represented graphically by multiple interlinking circular or triangular forms." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries"] is_a: XCO:0000277 ! cyclic hydrocarbon created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T17:20:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000279 name: terpene def: "Any of a large and diverse class of organic compounds which are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12, which are derived biosynthetically from units of isoprene and which have the general molecular formula (CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2)n where n is the number of linked isoprene units." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terpene "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000276 ! hydrocarbon created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T17:24:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000280 name: squalene def: "A triterpene, that is a terpine containing six isoprene units, consisting of 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane having six double bonds at the 2-, 6-, 10-, 14-, 18- and 22-positions with (all-E)-configuration. Squalene is the biochemical precursor to steroids." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squalene "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Spinacene" RELATED [] synonym: "Supraene" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:15440 xref: MESH:D013185 is_a: XCO:0000279 ! terpene created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T17:25:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000281 name: type II collagen def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is the fibrillar collagen which comprises the main component of cartilage and is also found in the vitreous humor of the eye. Collagens are a family of extracellular, closely related proteins occurring as a major component of connective tissue, giving it strength and flexibility." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "type 2 collagen" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000262 ! collagen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T17:41:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000282 name: anti-Thy1 antibody def: "An immunoglobulin molecule having a specific amino acid sequence that gives it the ability to adhere to and interact only with Thy1, i.e. Thymocyte antigen 1, and molecules containing structures similar to that antigen. Thy1, also known as CD90, is a 25-37 kDa, heavily N-glycosylated, glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored, conserved cell surface protein with a single V-like immunoglobulin domain, originally discovered as a thymocyte antigen and now known to be the smallest member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of proteins." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD90 "Wikipedia", Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] synonym: "anti-CD90 antibody" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000194 ! antibody created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-12T18:06:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000283 name: visible light stimulus def: "Exposure to visible light in a manner, such as for a length of time or at a level, which would not be considered natural, usual or environmental and which is designed to elicit or evoke an action or response in a cell, an excitable tissue, or an organism." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] synonym: "light therapy" EXACT [] synonym: "phototherapy" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000049 ! visual stimulus is_a: XCO:0000284 ! controlled visible light exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T12:03:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000284 name: controlled visible light exposure def: "Condition during which a subject or sample is directly in the presence of or influenced by visible light, that is, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between approximately 390 (violet) and 770 (red) nanometers, capable of stimulating the subjective sensation of sight, at a constrained level and/or for a constrained period of time." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure is_a: XCO:0000181 ! controlled visible light condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T12:12:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000285 name: controlled NG-nitroarginine methyl ester content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of the basic amino acid commonly known as L-NAME and used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, consumed by an organism as part of an experiment." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, MESH:D019331] synonym: "controlled L-NAME content drinking water" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000121 ! NG-nitroarginine methyl ester created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T14:48:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000286 name: retinal S-antigen def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is a highly antigenic, soluble photoreceptor protein expressed in the retina and the pineal gland and involved in desensitization of the photoactivated transduction cascade." [NCBI_GeneID:6295] synonym: "arrestin" BROAD [] synonym: "HSAg" RELATED [] synonym: "retinal soluble antigen" RELATED [] synonym: "SAG" RELATED [] synonym: "S-antigen" RELATED [] synonym: "S-antigen peptide" RELATED [] synonym: "S-arrestin" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000260 ! peptide/protein antigen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T17:02:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000287 name: interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is a large glycoprotein, found primarily in the interphotoreceptor matrix of the retina between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor cells, which is known to bind retinoids and thought to transport them between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptors." [NCBI_GeneID:5949] synonym: "interphotoreceptor retinol-binding protein" EXACT [] synonym: "IRBP" RELATED [] synonym: "Rbp3" RELATED [] synonym: "retinol binding protein 3, interstitial" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000260 ! peptide/protein antigen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T17:19:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000288 name: R16 peptide of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is a 15 amino acid peptide (aa 1177-1191) derived from the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein, a large glycoprotein, found primarily in the interphotoreceptor matrix of the retina between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor cells, which is known to bind retinoids and thought to transport them between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptors." [NCBI_GeneID:5949] synonym: "R16 peptide of IRBP" RELATED [] xref: PMID:10323205 relationship: part_of XCO:0000287 ! interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T17:55:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000289 name: R14 peptide of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is a 23 amino acid peptide (aa 1169-1191) derived from the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein, a large glycoprotein, found primarily in the interphotoreceptor matrix of the retina between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor cells, which is known to bind retinoids and thought to transport them between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptors." [NCBI_GeneID:5949] synonym: "R14 peptide of IRBP" RELATED [] xref: PMID:18203685 relationship: part_of XCO:0000287 ! interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T17:56:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000290 name: peripheral myelin protein 2 def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is a fatty acid and cholesterol binding protein which together with myelin basic protein constitutes a major fraction of the peripheral nervous system myelin proteins." [UniProtKB:P02689] synonym: "myelin P2 protein" EXACT [] synonym: "Pmp2" RELATED [] xref: RGD:1585218 is_a: XCO:0000260 ! peptide/protein antigen relationship: part_of XCO:0000292 ! peripheral nerve myelin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T18:21:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000291 name: peripheral myelin protein 2 peptide 58-81 def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is the peptide (KNTEISFKLGQEFEETTADNRKTK) representing residues 58 to 81 of peripheral myelin protein 2, a fatty acid and cholesterol binding protein which together with myelin basic protein constitutes a major fraction of the peripheral nervous system myelin proteins." [RGD:2306736, UniProtKB:P02689] synonym: "P2 58-81" RELATED [] synonym: "P2 peptide 58-81" RELATED [] relationship: part_of XCO:0000290 ! peripheral myelin protein 2 created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T18:44:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000292 name: peripheral nerve myelin def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is peripheral nerve myelin, a lipoproteinaceous substance largely composed of phospholipids and proteins, which forms the sheaths surrounding the axons of peripheral nerves, that is, nerves that are not part of either the brain or spinal cord of the organism." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "peripheral nervous system myelin" RELATED [] synonym: "PNM" RELATED [] synonym: "PNS myelin" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000352 ! myelin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T19:18:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000293 name: 99mTc-sestamibi def: "A coordination complex of technetium-99m, a radioisotope of the chemical element technetium, atomic number 43, a gamma emitter having a half-life of approximately 6 hours, and methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI), a lipophilic cation, used as an agent in nuclear medicine imaging." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technetium_%2899mTc%29_sestamibi "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "99mTc-hexakis-2-methoxy-2-methylpropyl isonitrile" RELATED [] synonym: "Cardiolite" RELATED [] synonym: "MIBI" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:33371 is_a: XCO:0000171 ! radioactively labeled chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-03-13T20:07:09Z [Term] id: XCO:0000294 name: estrogen/estrogen analog def: "Any of the naturally-occuring, primary female sex hormones or related synthetic molecules with the capacity to perform the same function(s), i.e. to bind to estrogen receptors and stimulate or control the development and maintenance of female sex characteristics." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Not4Curation" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:50114 is_a: XCO:0000229 ! steroid hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-05-07T15:32:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000295 name: diethylstilbestrol def: "A synthetic estrogen analog with chemical formula C18H20O2. The structure is similar to that of estrogen but lacks the complete four ring structure. As a drug it is used to treat prostatic and sometimes breast carcinomas. It is an epigenetic carcinogen." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diethylstilbestrol "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "DES" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:41922 is_a: XCO:0000294 ! estrogen/estrogen analog is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-05-07T16:01:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000296 name: running on inclined treadmill def: "The act of rapidly moving the feet on an exercise apparatus with an endless belt that allows the user to perform the action of running in place and that is maintained at an angle which deviates from the horozontal by a specified amount." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] synonym: "running on sloped treadmill" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000005 ! running on treadmill created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-07T16:08:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000297 name: fluid deprivation def: "Condition in which liquids for drinking (bringing a liquid into the mouth and swallowing it to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc.), such as water, are withheld for a specified period of time." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink "YourDictionary"] synonym: "water deprivation" NARROW [] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-11T09:50:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000298 name: controlled saccharin content drinking water def: "Water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O) supplied as a drink, that is, as a liquid to be brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., in which the amount of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, is adjusted to a requirement." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries"] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-11T10:05:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000299 name: controlled ethanol content drinking water with no other optional drink source def: "Condition in which a drink, that is, a liquid to be brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., made up of water and a specified amount of ethanol, the alcohol with chemical formula CH3-CH2-OH obtained from the fermentation of sugars and starches or by chemical synthesis which is the intoxicating ingredient of alcoholic beverages, is supplied as the only available drink option for consumption by an organism in an experiment." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries"] is_a: XCO:0000023 ! controlled ethanol content drinking water created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-11T10:06:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000300 name: controlled ethanol content drinking water with water as an optional drink source def: "Condition in which a drink, that is, a liquid to be brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., made up of water and a specified amount of ethanol, the alcohol with chemical formula CH3-CH2-OH obtained from the fermentation of sugars and starches or by chemical synthesis which is the intoxicating ingredient of alcoholic beverages, is supplied along with additive-free water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), as an additional drink option for consumption by an organism in an experiment." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries"] is_a: XCO:0000023 ! controlled ethanol content drinking water created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-11T10:07:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000301 name: lithium ion solution def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of lithium, the chemical element with atomic number 3, that have lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:49713 is_a: XCO:0000154 ! ion/salt solution relationship: has_component XCO:0000313 ! lithium ion created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-11T10:08:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000302 name: lithium chloride solution def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of lithium, the chemical element with atomic number 3, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:48607 is_a: XCO:0000301 ! lithium ion solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-11T10:09:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000303 name: adrenalectomy def: "The surgical excision of one or both of the adrenal glands, two small, dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "suprarenalectomy" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-20T17:37:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000304 name: bilateral adrenalectomy def: "The surgical excision of both adrenal glands, two small, dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "bilateral suprarenalectomy" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000303 ! adrenalectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-20T17:49:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000305 name: unilateral adrenalectomy def: "The surgical excision of only one of the adrenal glands, two small, dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "unilateral suprarenalectomy" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000303 ! adrenalectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-20T17:50:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000306 name: cold exposure def: "An activity or condition which involves subjecting all or part of an organism to a relatively low, i.e., lower than considered normal, temperature." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000111 ! temperature exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-21T16:31:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000307 name: cold ambient air exposure def: "An activity or condition in which the air surrounding or encircling the organism has a relatively low, or lower than considered normal, temperature, i.e., air in which the molecules possess a lower than normal amount of random kinetic energy." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] synonym: "cold exposure, ambient air" EXACT [] synonym: "cold stress" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000011 ! air temperature is_a: XCO:0000306 ! cold exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-21T16:52:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000308 name: heat exposure def: "An activity or condition which involves subjecting all or part of an organism to a relatively high, or higher than considered normal, temperature, that is, possessing a higher than normal level of random kinetic energy of atoms, molecules, or ions." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000111 ! temperature exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-21T17:12:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000309 name: heated ambient air exposure def: "An activity or condition in which the air surrounding or encircling the organism has a relatively high, or higher than considered normal, temperature, i.e., air in which the molecules possess a higher than normal amount of random kinetic energy." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] synonym: "heat exposure, ambient air" EXACT [] synonym: "hot ambient air exposure" RELATED [] synonym: "warm ambient air exposure" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000011 ! air temperature is_a: XCO:0000308 ! heat exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-21T17:21:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000310 name: guanethidine def: "An antihypertensive agent that acts by selectively inhibiting transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues. It does not appear to act at the level of the adrenergic receptors." [http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01170#pharmacology "Website"] xref: CHEBI:5557 xref: MESH:D006145 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-21T18:45:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000311 name: potassium ion solution def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of potassium, the chemical element with atomic number 19, that have lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "K+ ion solution" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:29103 is_a: XCO:0000154 ! ion/salt solution relationship: has_component XCO:0000150 ! potassium ion created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T14:02:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000312 name: potassium chloride solution def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of potassium, the chemical element with atomic number 19, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1, dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "KCl solution" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:32588 is_a: XCO:0000311 ! potassium ion solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T14:06:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000313 name: lithium ion def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is an atom of lithium, the chemical element with atomic number 3, that has lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "Li+ ion" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:49713 is_a: XCO:0000149 ! ion/salt created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T14:24:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000314 name: buffer def: "Any substance or mixture of substances that, in solution (typically aqueous), resists change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base." [] xref: CHEBI:35225 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T14:52:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000315 name: buffer solution def: "A homogeneous mixture of molecules, atoms and/or ions, one or more of which have the capacity to cause the solution to resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:35225 is_a: XCO:0000314 ! buffer is_a: XCO:0000340 ! solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T14:58:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000316 name: calcium-free buffer solution def: "A homogeneous mixture which does not contain calcium, the chemical element with atomic number 20, but does contain molecules, atoms and/or ions one or more of which have the capacity to cause the solution to resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:35225 is_a: XCO:0000315 ! buffer solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T15:06:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000317 name: buffered calcium ion solution def: "A homogeneous mixture of calcium, the chemical element with atomic number 20, with other molecules, atoms and/or ions one or more of which have the capacity to cause the solution to resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "calcium-containing buffer solution" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:29108 xref: CHEBI:35225 is_a: XCO:0000185 ! calcium ion solution is_a: XCO:0000315 ! buffer solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T15:13:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000318 name: surgical construction def: "A process in which manual and instrumental techniques are used to assemble or combine parts or substances, especially in order to create something new." [Cambridge:Cambridge_Online_Dictionary_of_American_English, Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgery "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T16:06:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000319 name: artificial aortocaval fistula def: "A surgically created passageway between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava." [ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] synonym: "ACF" RELATED [] xref: PMID:2142618 is_a: XCO:0000595 ! surgical manipulation of blood vessels created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T16:08:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000320 name: hexamethonium def: "Either of two compounds (C12H30Br2N2 or C12H30Cl2N2) used in the treatment of hypertension. Hexamethonium is a depolarising ganglionic blocker, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that acts in autonomic ganglia by binding in or on the receptor but not the acetylcholine binding site itself." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexamethonium "Wikipedia", Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] xref: chembl.compound:CHEMBL105608 xref: pubchem.compound:3604 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T17:12:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000321 name: hexamethonium bromide def: "The compound C12H30Br2N2, consisting of a hexamethonium cation and dibromide anion, used in the treatment of hypertension. Hexamethonium is a depolarising ganglionic blocker, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that acts in autonomic ganglia by binding in or on the receptor but not the acetylcholine binding site itself." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexamethonium "Wikipedia", Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] synonym: "hexamethonium dibromide" RELATED [] xref: chembl.compound:CHEMBL105608 xref: pubchem.compound:5938 is_a: XCO:0000320 ! hexamethonium created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T17:17:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000322 name: hexamethonium chloride def: "The compound C12H30Cl2N2, consisting of a hexamethonium cation and dichloride anion, used in the treatment of hypertension. Hexamethonium is a depolarising ganglionic blocker, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that acts in autonomic ganglia by binding in or on the receptor but not the acetylcholine binding site itself." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexamethonium "Wikipedia", Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] synonym: "hexamethonium dichloride" RELATED [] xref: chembl.compound:CHEMBL105608 xref: pubchem.compound:93550 is_a: XCO:0000320 ! hexamethonium created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-06-25T17:19:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000323 name: alcohol def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an alcohol, a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom." [] xref: CHEBI:30879 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-08-07T16:27:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000324 name: primary alcohol def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a primary alcohol, a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it." [] xref: CHEBI:15734 is_a: XCO:0000323 ! alcohol created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-08-07T16:35:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000325 name: ethanol def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is ethanol, a primary alcohol with chemical formula CH3-CH2-OH, that is ethane in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group." [] synonym: "ethyl alcohol" EXACT [] synonym: "EtOH" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:16236 is_a: XCO:0000324 ! primary alcohol created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-08-07T16:39:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000326 name: controlled ethanol content saline def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, suspended in a saline solution, a homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010] synonym: "ethanol in 0.9 % saline" NARROW [] synonym: "ethanol in 0.9 % saline solution" NARROW [] synonym: "ethanol in saline" EXACT [] relationship: has_component XCO:0000325 ! ethanol created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-08-07T16:45:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000327 name: controlled quinine content drinking water def: "A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of water and a specified amount of quinine, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Water is the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). Quinine is a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and that decreases the excitability of the motor end plate." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink "YourDictionary", ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-08-07T17:05:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000328 name: controlled deoxycorticosterone content drinking water def: "A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of water and a specified amount of deoxycorticosterone, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Water is the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). Deoxycorticosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11-Deoxycorticosterone "Wikipedia", http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink "YourDictionary", ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled DOC content drinking water" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000330 ! deoxycorticosterone created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T12:58:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000329 name: controlled deoxycorticosterone content saline drink def: "A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of saline and a specified amount of deoxycorticosterone, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Saline is a homogeneous mixture of sodium chloride (i.e. atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1) dispersed molecularly in a sufficient and specified quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). Deoxycorticosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11-Deoxycorticosterone "Wikipedia", http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink "YourDictionary", ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled deoxycorticosterone and sodium content drinking water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled DOC and sodium chloride content drinking water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled DOC content saline drink" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:16973 is_a: XCO:0000164 ! controlled sodium content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000328 ! controlled deoxycorticosterone content drinking water created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T13:00:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000330 name: deoxycorticosterone def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is deoxycorticosterone, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone, or a derivative of that hormone." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11-Deoxycorticosterone "Wikipedia"] synonym: "DOC" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000229 ! steroid hormone created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T14:38:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000331 name: RU28362 def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is RU28362, a highly selective neuroactive agonist of the glucocorticoid (Corticoid Type II) receptor, but not of the mineralocorticoid (Corticoid Type I) receptor." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RU28362 "Wikipedia", http://www.nursa.org/molecule.cfm?molType=ligand&molId=1123 "Website"] synonym: "11,17-dihydroxy-6-methyl-17-(1-propynyl)androsta-1,4,6-triene-3-one" EXACT [] xref: pubchem.compound:123790 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T14:49:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000332 name: controlled RU28362 content drinking water def: "A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of water and a specified amount of RU28362, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Water is the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). RU28362 is a highly selective neuroactive agonist of the glucocorticoid (Corticoid Type II) receptor, but not of the mineralocorticoid (Corticoid Type I) receptor." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RU28362 "Wikipedia", http://www.nursa.org/molecule.cfm?molType=ligand&molId=1123 "Website", http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000331 ! RU28362 created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T15:03:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000333 name: controlled RU28362 content saline drink def: "A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of saline and a specified amount of RU28362, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Saline is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient and specified quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). RU28362 is a highly selective neuroactive agonist of the glucocorticoid (Corticoid Type II) receptor, but not of the mineralocorticoid (Corticoid Type I) receptor." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RU28362 "Wikipedia", http://www.nursa.org/molecule.cfm?molType=ligand&molId=1123 "Website", http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ "Multiple_Dictionaries", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "controlled RU28362 and sodium chloride content drinking water" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000164 ! controlled sodium content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000332 ! controlled RU28362 content drinking water created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T15:06:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000334 name: left adrenalectomy def: "The surgical excision of only the adrenal gland on the left side of the body. The left adrenal gland is generally the larger of the two dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_gland "Wikipedia"] comment: Note that "left" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. (Wikipedia: Anatomical_terms_of_location). synonym: "left suprarenalectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "left unilateral adrenalectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "left unilateral suprarenalectomy" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000305 ! unilateral adrenalectomy created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T15:48:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000335 name: right adrenalectomy def: "The surgical excision of only the adrenal gland on the right side of the body. The right adrenal gland is generally the smaller of the two dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_gland "Wikipedia"] comment: Note that "right" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. (Wikipedia: Anatomical_terms_of_location). synonym: "right suprarenalectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "right unilateral adrenalectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "right unilateral suprarenalectomy" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000305 ! unilateral adrenalectomy created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T15:50:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000336 name: adrenergic antagonist def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that binds to but does not activate adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of endogenous or exogenous adrenergic agonists, substances that have an affinity for and stimulate physiologic activity at adrenergic receptors. Adrenergic receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of catecholamines, especially norepinephrine and epinephrine." [CHEBI:37887, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenergic_receptors "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "adrenergic receptor antagonist" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T16:22:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000337 name: air-jet exposure def: "A condition in which an air jet, i.e. a rapid stream of air (the colorless, odorless, tasteless mixture of gases, mainly nitrogen, oxygen and lesser gases, plus water vapor and particulates, that surrounds the earth) forced under pressure through a small opening or nozzle, is directed toward the body or a part of the body of an organism." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005] synonym: "air-jet stress" RELATED [] synonym: "forced air exposure" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000052 ! tactile stimulus created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-22T17:01:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000338 name: chemical nanoparticle def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a particle, i.e. a body whose internal motion and structure, if any, are irrelevant in a specific problem, with a size between 1 and 100 nanometers composed of any substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoparticle "Wikipedia"] synonym: "ultrafine chemical particle" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-23T12:19:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000339 name: titanium dioxide nanoparticles def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a particle, i.e. a body whose internal motion and structure, if any, are irrelevant in a specific problem, with a size between 1 and 100 nanometers composed of titanium dioxide. Titanium dioxide is a white insoluble powder that is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO2, i.e. composed of one atom of titanium, the strong, low-density, highly corrosion-resistant metallic element with atomic number 22, and two atoms of oxygen, the highly reactive chemical element with atomic number 8 that is essential for plant and animal respiration and is required for nearly all combustion." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoparticle "Wikipedia", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanium_dioxide "Wikipedia"] synonym: "titania nanoparticles" EXACT [] synonym: "titanium(IV) oxide nanoparticles" EXACT [] synonym: "ultrafine TiO2 powder" RELATED [] synonym: "ultrafine titanium dioxide powder" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:51050 is_a: XCO:0000338 ! chemical nanoparticle created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-23T15:14:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000340 name: solution def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of molecules, atoms and/or ions dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2013-08-23T15:45:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000341 name: chemical with specified function def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules and which has the capacity to perform a particular role or initiate or participate in a particular activity or process." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed] synonym: "chemical with specified role" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:50906 is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-09-03T16:26:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000342 name: chemical with specified structure def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules, where that molecular composition explicitly contains one or more particular parts or groups that are held or put together in a particular way." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary] xref: CHEBI:24431 is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-09-03T16:30:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000343 name: nitrosourea def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical having a nitroso (R-N=O) and a urea moiety. A urea moiety consists of two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) group." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrosourea "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-09-04T13:12:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000344 name: N-propyl-N-nitrosourea def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical with three major moieties, a propyl group (a linear three-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula -C3H7), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group)." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrosourea "Wikipedia", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propyl "Wikipedia", pubchem.compound:13157] synonym: "1-nitroso-1-propylurea" EXACT [] synonym: "1-propyl-1-nitrosourea" RELATED [] synonym: "PNU" RELATED [] synonym: "propylnitrosourea" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000343 ! nitrosourea created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-09-04T13:25:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000345 name: N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical with three major moieties, an ethyl group (a two-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula -C2H5), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group)." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_group "Wikipedia", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrosourea "Wikipedia"] synonym: "1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea" RELATED [] synonym: "ENU" RELATED [] synonym: "ethylnitrosourea" EXACT [] synonym: "N-ethyl-N-nitroso carbamide" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:23995 xref: pubchem.compound:12967 is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000343 ! nitrosourea created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-09-04T13:34:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000346 name: N-methyl-N-nitrosourea def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical with three major moieties, a methyl group (a one-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula -CH3), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group)." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methyl_group "Wikipedia", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea "Wikipedia", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrosourea "Wikipedia"] synonym: "1-methyl-1-nitrosourea" RELATED [] synonym: "methylnitrosourea" EXACT [] synonym: "MNU" RELATED [] synonym: "N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamide" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:50102 xref: pubchem.compound:12967 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000343 ! nitrosourea created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-09-20T16:27:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000347 name: blood vessel occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blockage of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000595 ! surgical manipulation of blood vessels created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T10:32:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000348 name: middle cerebral artery occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blockage of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), one of the three major paired arteries that supply blood to the cerebrum. The MCA arises from the internal carotid and continues into the lateral sulcus where it branches and projects into the lateral cerebral cortex." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Cerebral_Artery "Wikipedia", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "MCA occlusion" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000347 ! blood vessel occlusion created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T10:46:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000349 name: arthritis-inducing agent def: "Any phenomenon, chemical or biologic substance, or organism that, when administered, results in the inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000258 ! disease-inducing agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T12:01:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000350 name: streptococcal cell wall def: "A biologic agent consisting of a more or less purified preparation of cell walls from streptococcus bacteria. Streptococcus is a genus of spherical Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the phylum Firmicutes and the lactic acid bacteria group. The cell wall is the rigid structure that lies just outside of and is joined to the plasma membrane of plant cells and most prokaryotic cells, which protects the cell and maintains its shape." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "SCW" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000349 ! arthritis-inducing agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T12:03:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000351 name: 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide alt_id: XCO:0000366 def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide, a tumorigenic derivative of quinoline N-oxide containing a nitro functional group (-NO2) at the 4 position of the quinoline bicyclic structure. Quinoline is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C9H7N. 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide and its metabolite 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide bind to nucleic acids and cause lesions usually corrected by nucleotide excision repair." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Nitroquinoline_1-oxide "Wikipedia", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinoline "Wikipedia"] synonym: "4-Nitroquinoline 1-oxide" EXACT [] synonym: "4NQO" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:16907 xref: MESH:D015112 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T13:00:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000352 name: myelin def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is myelin, a lipoproteinaceous substance largely composed of phospholipids and proteins, which forms the sheaths surrounding the myelinated nerve fibers." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000133 ! antigen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T13:10:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000353 name: central nervous system myelin def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is the lipoproteinaceous substance largely composed of phospholipids and proteins, which forms the sheaths surrounding the myelinated nerve fibers of the central nervous system, i.e., the brain and spinal cord." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "CNS myelin" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000352 ! myelin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T13:26:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000354 name: N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine def: "A guanidine derivative with a nitro group (-NO2) on the nitrogen at position 3 and a methyl group (-CH3) and nitroso group (-NO) on the nitrogen at position 1. MNNG acts by adding alkyl groups to the O6 of guanine and O4 of thymine of DNA, giving it potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylnitronitrosoguanidine "Wikipedia", MESH:D008769] synonym: "1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine" EXACT [] synonym: "methylnitronitrosoguanidine" EXACT [] synonym: "MNNG" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:21759 xref: pubchem.compound:9562060 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T14:50:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000355 name: controlled N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine content drinking water def: "A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of water and a specified amount of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Water is the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). MNNG is a guanidine derivative with a nitro group (-NO2) on the nitrogen at position 3 and a methyl group (-CH3) and nitroso group (-NO) on the nitrogen at position 1. MNNG acts by adding alkyl groups to the O6 of guanine and O4 of thymine of DNA, giving it potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylnitronitrosoguanidine "Wikipedia", http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink "YourDictionary", ISBN:978-1416049982, MESH:D008769] synonym: "controlled 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled methylnitronitrosoguanidine content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled MNNG content drinking water" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:21759 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000354 ! N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T15:17:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000356 name: spinal cord homogenate def: "A condition in which the major contributing factor is a preparation of spinal cord which has been rendered uniform in structure and/or composition throughout, for example by grinding the tissue until it has been reduced to particles which are evenly distributed thoughout a fluid. Spinal cord is the long, flexible, nearly cylindric structure of nerve tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata down through the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves branch off to various parts of the body." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000133 ! antigen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T15:35:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000357 name: walking on inclined treadmill def: "The action of ambulation on an exercise apparatus with an endless belt that allows the user to perform the action of running in place and that is maintained at an angle which deviates from the horozontal by a specified amount." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] synonym: "walking on sloped treadmill" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000004 ! walking on treadmill created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T15:50:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000358 name: diagnostic agent def: "A substance administered specifically to aid diagnosis of a disease or condition." [CHEBI:33295, Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010] synonym: "diagnostic aid" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T16:04:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000359 name: sodium p-aminohippurate def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is an organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of p-aminohippuric acid, an amide derivative of the amino acid glycine and para-aminobenzoic acid. Sodium p-aminohippurate is used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow." [CHEBI:104011, CHEBI:31204, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminohippuric_acid "Wikipedia"] synonym: "PAH" RELATED [] synonym: "sodium para-aminohippurate" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000358 ! diagnostic agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-11-11T16:10:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000360 name: arterial catheter implantation def: "The insertion of a tubular, flexible surgical instrument into an artery to withdraw or introduce fluid. An artery is a vessel in which blood flows away from the heart." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000027 ! surgical implantation is_a: XCO:0000595 ! surgical manipulation of blood vessels created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-12-20T12:41:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000361 name: left L3-L5 ventral root avulsion def: "The forcible surgical separation from the spine of the motor root of a left side spinal nerve between the #3 and #5 lumbar vertebrae." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-12-20T13:05:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000362 name: physical restraint in plastic bag def: "The use of a pouch made from a very thin flexible plastic (any of various organic compounds produced by polymerization, capable of being molded, extruded, cast into various shapes and films) to limit some or all of an animal's normal movements." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/Guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-Laboratory-animals.pdf "NIH"] is_a: XCO:0000158 ! physical restraint in mechanical restrainer created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-12-20T13:13:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000363 name: eukaryotic pathogen def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a single-celled or multicellular organism that has the capacity to cause disease, and the cell(s) of which individually have a true nucleus, that is, one that is bounded by a nuclear membrane, contains one or more chromosomes, and divides by mitosis." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000236 ! pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-12-20T13:28:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000364 name: Toxoplasma gondii def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000363 ! eukaryotic pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-12-20T13:29:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000365 name: Toxoplasma gondii cysts def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is Toxoplasma gondii cysts. Toxoplasma gondii is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. Cyst refers to the larval stage in the life cycle during which individual organisms are enveloped in a protective wall." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000364 ! Toxoplasma gondii created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-12-20T13:30:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000367 name: sham surgical device implantation def: "A surgery in which a device is inserted which lacks the chemical or drug that in the experimental samples it would dispense." [PMID:15687265] is_a: XCO:0000027 ! surgical implantation is_a: XCO:0000100 ! sham surgical control condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-12-20T14:06:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000368 name: autoimmune disease-inducing chemical def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical that causes an anti-self reaction by the immune system of the treated individual." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-12-20T14:29:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000369 name: aurothiopropanol sulfonate def: "An antirheumatic of slow action that, in certain susceptible individuals, causes a gold-induced, Th2-dependent autoimmunity." [PMID:15128826] synonym: "allochrysine" RELATED [] synonym: "Atps" RELATED [] synonym: "aurotioprol" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000368 ! autoimmune disease-inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2013-12-20T14:29:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000370 name: Trichinella spiralis def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is any form of Trichinella spiralis, a nematode parasite that occurs in animals such as rodents, pigs, bears, and in humans. The organism, which matures in the intestines, producing larvae that travel through the blood and lymphatic systems to the muscles where they encyst, is responsible for the disease trichinosis." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichinella_spiralis "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000363 ! eukaryotic pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T13:19:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000371 name: Trichinella spiralis larvae def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is the infective larvae of the nematode parasite Trichinella spiralis." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichinella_spiralis "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000370 ! Trichinella spiralis created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T13:27:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000372 name: dexamethasone def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is dexamethasone, a long-acting synthetic adrenocorticoid, analogous to but more potent than cortisol (a natural hormone produced by the adrenal glands), with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activities." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dexamethasone "Wikipedia", http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682792.html "Website", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000091 ! steroid is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000636 ! immunosuppressive agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T13:51:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000373 name: surgical denervation def: "The resection or complete surgical removal of a nerve, any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed] xref: MESH:D003714 is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T14:52:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000374 name: axotomy def: "Surgical transection or severing of an axon, the process of a neuron capable of conducting action potentials or self-propagating nerve impulses away from the cell body." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] xref: MESH:D019771 is_a: XCO:0000373 ! surgical denervation created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T14:56:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000375 name: sciatic nerve axotomy def: "Surgical transection or severing of one or more axons of the sciatic nerve, the large sensory and motor nerve that in humans arises from the sacral plexus and passes through the greater sciatic foramen to midthigh where it divides into the common peroneal and tibial nerves." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: MA:0001172 xref: MESH:D019771 is_a: XCO:0000374 ! axotomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T14:57:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000376 name: saphenous nerve axotomy def: "Surgical transection or severing of one or more axons of the saphenous nerve, a sensory nerve that is a terminal branch of the femoral nerve, in humans extending from the femoral triangle to the foot, becoming subcutaneous on the medial side of the knee." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: MA:0002761 xref: MESH:D019771 is_a: XCO:0000374 ! axotomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T14:57:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000377 name: vitamin def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is any of a group of unrelated organic substances occurring in many foods in small amounts and necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T17:12:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000378 name: vitamin E def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is any of a group of at least eight related fat-soluble compounds with similar biological antioxidant activity, particularly alpha-tocopherol but also including other isomers of tocopherol and the related compounds tocotrienol and tocomonoenol." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://www.cyberlipid.org/vite/vite0001.htm "Website", ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:33234 is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant is_a: XCO:0000377 ! vitamin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T17:14:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000379 name: alpha-tocopherol def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is the most active form of vitamin E, a 6-hydroxychroman derivative (chromene) with methyl groups in position 2,5,7, and 8 and a phytyl side chain attached at carbon 2. May be described chemically as 2R-(4'R,8'R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol, with the term tocol indicating the 2-ring structure (benzopyran-6-ol) basic to all vitamin E compounds." [http://www.cyberlipid.org/vite/vite0001.htm "Website"] synonym: "a-tocopherol" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:22470 relationship: part_of XCO:0000378 ! vitamin E created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T17:15:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000380 name: phytyl side chain of alpha-tocopherol def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a hydrophobic 13 carbon saturated chain with methyl side groups at the 4', 8' and 12' positions. In its native form, the molecule is attached to the 2-carbon of the benzopyran-6-ol double ring structure of alpha-tocopherol." [http://www.cyberlipid.org/vite/vite0001.htm "Website"] synonym: "alpha-tocopherol phytyl side chain" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000276 ! hydrocarbon relationship: part_of XCO:0000379 ! alpha-tocopherol created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T17:16:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000381 name: progesterone def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is the steroid hormone progesterone, the principal pro-gestational hormone liberated by the corpus luteum, adrenal cortex, and placenta, whose function is to prepare the uterus for the reception and development of the fertilized oocyte by inducing transformation of the endometrium from the proliferative to the secretory stage." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000229 ! steroid hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T17:37:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000382 name: controlled captopril content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of captopril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used for the treatment of hypertension and some types of congestive heart failure." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captopril "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000270 ! captopril created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T18:05:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000383 name: controlled losartan content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of losartan consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Losartan is a selective, competitive angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist, reducing the end organ responses to angiotensin II." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Losartan "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000161 ! losartan created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T18:07:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000384 name: controlled tempol content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of tempol consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Tempol (4-Hydroxy-TEMPO) is a heterocyclic compound used as an agent for detoxifying reactive oxygen species. It catalyses the disproportionation of superoxide." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TEMPOL "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000272 ! tempol created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-09T18:07:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000385 name: glomerulonephritis-inducing agent def: "Any substance, such as a chemical, a mix of chemicals or a pathogen, which has the capacity to cause the development of the symptoms of glomerulonephritis, kidney inflammation characterized by inflammation of the capillary loops in the renal glomeruli." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000258 ! disease-inducing agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-10T15:46:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000386 name: collagenase-solubilized glomerular basement membrane def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a relatively undefined mix of macromolecules such as glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and fragmented collagens, derived from the basement membrane of renal glomeruli via treatment with collagenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in triple helical regions of collagen, one of the major components of basement membranes. A basement membrane is an organised multi-molecular extracellular matrix which is characteristically found under epithelial and endothelial cells." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012] synonym: "collagenase-solubilized GBM" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000385 ! glomerulonephritis-inducing agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-10T15:47:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000387 name: collagenase-solubilized rat glomerular basement membrane def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a relatively undefined mix of macromolecules such as glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and fragmented collagens, derived from the basement membrane of renal glomeruli from rats (i.e., members of the species Rattus norvegicus) via treatment with collagenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in triple helical regions of collagen, one of the major components of basement membranes. A basement membrane is an organised multi-molecular extracellular matrix which is characteristically found under epithelial and endothelial cells." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012] synonym: "collagenase-solubilized rat GBM" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000386 ! collagenase-solubilized glomerular basement membrane created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-10T15:48:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000388 name: acetaminophen def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly antiinflammatory." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "APAP" RELATED [] synonym: "N-acetyl-p-aminophenol" EXACT [] synonym: "para-acetylaminophenol" EXACT [] synonym: "paracetamol" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:46195 xref: MESH:D000082 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-21T16:34:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000389 name: controlled cigarette smoke content def: "A condition in which the air surrounding an organism or breathed by the organism contains a controlled amount of cigarette smoke, the combined gases and particulates given off when tobacco in the form of a cigarette burns or smolders. A cigarette is a cylinder of cut blonde or black tobacco ensheathed in a tube of paper, with or without an incorporated filter to decrease inhaled tars." [McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine] synonym: "exposure to atmospheric cigarette smoke" RELATED [] relationship: part_of XCO:0000009 ! controlled atmosphere composition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-01-21T16:58:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000390 name: antimetabolite def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance which competes with or replaces a metabolite (a chemical that is part of the normal metabolism of a cell or body), and so prevents or reduces its normal utilization or activity. Antimetabolites are often structurally similar to the metabolite for which they substitute." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimetabolite "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:35221 xref: MESH:D000963 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-07T15:47:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000391 name: 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), a synthetic nucleoside analog and antimetabolite of thymidine. Because BrdU substitutes for thymidine in DNA during replication its incorporation can be used as a marker of cell division." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromodeoxyuridine "Wikipedia"] synonym: "BrdU" RELATED [] synonym: "bromodeoxyuridine" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:472552 xref: MESH:D001973 is_a: XCO:0000390 ! antimetabolite is_a: XCO:0000392 ! nucleoside/nucleotide is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-07T15:58:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000392 name: nucleoside/nucleotide def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is any of various compounds consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base and a sugar, usually ribose or deoxyribose, with (nucleotide) or without (nucleoside) one or more phosphate groups." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotide "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-07T16:00:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000393 name: 1,2-dimethylhydrazine def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, DNA alkylating agent that is a potent carcinogen; used to induce colon tumours in experimental animals." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1\,2-dimethylhydrazine "Wikipedia", Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary] synonym: "Hydrazomethane" RELATED [] synonym: "N,N'-dimethylhydrazine" EXACT [] synonym: "SDMH" RELATED [] synonym: "symmetrical dimethylhydrazine" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:73755 xref: MESH:D019813 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-07T16:46:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000394 name: controlled bile acid content diet def: "A regimen of solid food to which a specified amount of bile acid has been added. Bile acids are steroid acids derived from cholesterol in the liver (primary) or produced from primary bile acids by intestinal bacteria (secondary)." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-07T16:57:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000395 name: controlled 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide, a tumorigenic derivative of quinoline N-oxide containing a nitro functional group (-NO2) at the 4 position of the quinoline bicyclic structure. 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide and its metabolite 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide bind to nucleic acids and cause lesions usually corrected by nucleotide excision repair." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Nitroquinoline_1-oxide "Wikipedia"] synonym: "controlled 4-Nitroquinoline 1-oxide drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled 4NQO drinking water" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:16907 xref: MESH:D015112 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000351 ! 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-07T17:03:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000396 name: phenolic/phenol derivative def: "Any organic aromatic compound consisting of at least one phenolic group, that is, a group having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring." [] xref: CHEBI:33853 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-27T13:23:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000397 name: bisphenol A def: "A synthetic phenolic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2, i.e. one in which a central carbon links to two methyl groups and two hydroxyphenyl groups. BPA is similar in structure to estradiol and can bind to and activate the estrogen receptor." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisphenol_A "Wikipedia"] synonym: "BPA" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:33216 is_a: XCO:0000396 ! phenolic/phenol derivative created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-27T13:28:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000398 name: cisplatin def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug in which two ammine ligands and two chloro ligands are oriented in a cis planar configuration around a central platinum ion. Cisplatin is mutagenic and serves as an anti-cancer drug through its ability to bind to and crosslink DNA, interfering with cell division, triggering DNA repair mechanisms and, in turn, activating apoptosis." [CHEBI:27899, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisplatin] xref: CHEBI:27899 is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000399 ! complex ion is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-27T15:53:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000399 name: complex ion def: "A metal ion surrounded by, and forming coordinate covalent bonds with, a set of ligands comprised of any combination of other molecules or ions able to donate an electron pair." [http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Inorganic_Chemistry/Coordination_Chemistry/Complex_Ion_Equilibria/Complex-Ion_Equilibria "Website", http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/complexions/whatis.html#top "Website"] is_a: XCO:0000149 ! ion/salt created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-27T15:55:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000400 name: surgical avulsion def: "A surgical manipulation in which one tissue, organ or body part is forcibly torn away from the whole, or in which an attached or anchored tissue is torn away from another tissue or body part." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed, Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-27T17:28:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000401 name: nerve root avulsion def: "The surgical tearing apart of the nerve root, the part of a nerve adjacent to the center to which it is connected, from that center, for example, surgical separation of one or both of two bundles of nerve fibers (the posterior and anterior roots) from the spinal cord by tearing rather than cutting." [Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012, Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000373 ! surgical denervation is_a: XCO:0000400 ! surgical avulsion created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-27T17:29:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000402 name: habituation to experimental apparatus def: "A condition in which an experimental subject is exposed to an experimental apparatus in order to habituate the individual to the apparatus. Habituation is the gradual decrease in behavioral responses to a particular stimulus or environment after repeated exposures have proven to be of no consequence." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habituation "Wikipedia", Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-28T11:38:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000403 name: controlled cisplatin content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug in which two ammine ligands and two chloro ligands are oriented in a cis planar configuration around a central platinum ion, is maintained at a specified level." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] xref: CHEBI:27899 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000398 ! cisplatin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-28T12:22:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000404 name: controlled bisphenol A content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of bisphenol A is maintained at a specified level. Bisphenol A is a synthetic phenolic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2, i.e. one in which a central carbon links to two methyl groups and two hydroxyphenyl groups. BPA is similar in structure to estradiol and can bind to and activate the estrogen receptor." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisphenol_A "Wikipedia", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled BPA content diet" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:33216 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000397 ! bisphenol A created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-28T12:23:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000405 name: controlled cisplatin content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of cisplatin consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug in which two ammine ligands and two chloro ligands are oriented in a cis planar configuration around a central platinum ion." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisplatin "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:27899 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000398 ! cisplatin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-28T12:48:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000406 name: controlled bisphenol A content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of bisphenol A consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Bisphenol A is a synthetic phenolic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2, i.e. one in which a central carbon links to two methyl groups and two hydroxyphenyl groups. BPA is similar in structure to estradiol and can bind to and activate the estrogen receptor." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisphenol_A "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "controlled BPA content drinking water" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:33216 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000397 ! bisphenol A created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-28T12:48:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000407 name: hypoglycemic agent def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance which has the ability to lower the level of glucose, particularly blood glucose, in an organism." [] synonym: "antidiabetic agent" RELATED [] synonym: "antidiabetic drug" RELATED [] synonym: "antihyperglycemic agent" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:35526 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-28T17:14:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000408 name: metformin def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is metformin, an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class which functions to supress the production of glucose by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis)." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metformin "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Glucophage" NARROW [] xref: CHEBI:6801 is_a: XCO:0000407 ! hypoglycemic agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-28T17:17:09Z [Term] id: XCO:0000409 name: controlled metformin content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of metformin consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class which functions to supress the production of glucose by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis)." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metformin "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:6801 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000408 ! metformin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-28T17:27:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000410 name: controlled metformin content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of metformin, an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class which functions to supress the production of glucose by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis), is maintained at a specified level." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metformin "Wikipedia", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] xref: CHEBI:6801 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000408 ! metformin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-02-28T17:29:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000411 name: reproduction condition def: "Any experimental condition that is specifically related to the reproduction of the organism, that is, to the cellular, genetic, behavioral and temporal processes by which an organism produces offspring similar to itself so that the species is perpetuated." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T12:21:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000412 name: gestation def: "The state of a female and/or her offspring, and the processes which occur, during the period from conception to birth or termination of the pregnancy." [Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012] synonym: "pregnancy" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000411 ! reproduction condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T12:29:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000413 name: birth def: "The emergence and separation of offspring from the body of the mother." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "parturition" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000411 ! reproduction condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T12:36:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000414 name: lactation def: "The process of synthesis and secretion of milk from the mammary glands in the nourishment of offspring." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "breast feeding" RELATED [] synonym: "milk production" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000411 ! reproduction condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T12:38:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000415 name: maternal milk def: "The nutrient fluid produced by the mammary gland of a female mammal for the nourishment of her young and consumed by her offspring or a fosterling of the same species." [Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "breast milk" RELATED [] synonym: "mother's milk" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000416 ! milk created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T12:44:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000416 name: milk def: "A nutrient fluid containing proteins, fats, lactose, and various vitamins and minerals produced by the mammary gland of a female mammal." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000020 ! drink created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T12:54:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000417 name: controlled phytoestrogen content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of one or more phytoestrogens, any of a group of weakly estrogenic, nonsteroidal compounds widely occurring in plants, is maintained at a specified level." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] xref: CHEBI:76989 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T13:32:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000418 name: phytoestrogen-free diet def: "A solid diet which specifically contains no phytoestrogens, any of a group of weakly estrogenic, nonsteroidal compounds widely occurring in plants." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] xref: CHEBI:76989 is_a: XCO:0000419 ! soy-free diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T13:35:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000419 name: soy-free diet def: "A solid diet specifically containing no soy, that is, no derivative of soybeans, the bean of the leguminous plant, Glycine max, which contains little starch but is rich in protein and phytoestrogens." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000417 ! controlled phytoestrogen content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T13:38:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000420 name: controlled in utero environment def: "A condition in which the environment of the offspring within the uterus is controlled during any or all of the period between fertilization and parturition." [Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012] synonym: "controlled gestational environment" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000421 ! in utero condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T13:53:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000421 name: in utero condition def: "Any condition which occurs while an organism is still within the uterus of its mother during the gestation period." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T15:25:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000422 name: quinone def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a quinone, a member of a class of compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds." [] xref: CHEBI:36141 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T17:35:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000423 name: thymoquinone def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is thymoquinone, an antioxidant phytochemical compound found in the plant Nigella sativa. Thymoquinone has the chemical formula C10H12O2 and is a 1,4-benzoquinone substituted at the 2 and 5 position with a methyl and an isopropyl group (2-Isopropyl-5-methyl- or 5-Isopropyl-2-methyl-)." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymoquinone "Wikipedia"] synonym: "2-isopropyl-5-methylbenzoquinone" EXACT [] synonym: "2-methyl-5-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone" EXACT [] synonym: "2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione" EXACT [] synonym: "dihydrothymoquinone" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:113532 xref: MESH:C003466 xref: pubchem.compound:10281 is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant is_a: XCO:0000422 ! quinone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T17:36:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000424 name: benfotiamine def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is benfotiamine, a synthetic thioester S-acyl derivative and analogue of thiamine (vitamin B1); used as an antioxidant dietary supplement." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benfotiamine "Wikipedia"] synonym: "S-benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:41039 is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-04T17:48:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000425 name: lactotransferrin def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is lactotransferrin, a multifunctional protein of the transferrin family which is a major iron-binding protein in milk and body secretions, and has antimicrobial activity." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactoferrin "Wikipedia", RGD:1313477] synonym: "lactoferrin" EXACT [] synonym: "LTF" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-05T09:50:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000426 name: 1H-pyrazole def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is 1H-pyrazole, an antioxidant, heterocyclic organic compound with the formula C3H3N2H which is a 5-membered ring of three carbon atoms and two adjacent nitrogen centers, i.e., with nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 of the ring." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazole "Wikipedia"] synonym: "1,2-diazole" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:17241 is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-05T09:52:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000427 name: lycopene def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is lycopene, a bright red polyunsaturated carotenoid hydrocarbon (i.e. a carotene) with the formula C40H56. Lycopene is a tetraterpene assembled from eight isoprene units and has antioxidant activity." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycopene "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:15948 is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant is_a: XCO:0000279 ! terpene created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-05T09:54:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000428 name: fructose def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is fructose, a monosaccharide isomer of glucose which, although it is a 6-carbon sugar (hexose), generally exists as a 5-member hemiketal ring. Fructose is one of three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is covalently bound to glucose to form the sucrose molecule, and is found naturally in honey and many sweet fruits." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:15824 xref: CHEBI:28757 is_a: XCO:0000274 ! monosaccharide created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-05T10:26:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000429 name: controlled fructose content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of fructose consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Fructose is one of three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is covalently bound to glucose to form the sucrose molecule, and is found naturally in honey and many sweet fruits." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000428 ! fructose created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-05T10:27:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000430 name: silymarin def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is silymarin, a strongly antioxidant mixture of flavonolignans extracted from the milk thistle plant (Silybum marianum). The components or silymarin are capable of scavenging both free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS)." [PMID:24145092] is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-05T10:39:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000431 name: disaccharide def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a disaccharide, a member of the class of sugars that yield two monosaccharide molecules upon hydrolysis." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000172 ! carbohydrate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-07T10:28:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000432 name: sucrose def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is sucrose, a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose used as a food, a sweetener, a preservative and a pharmaceutical aid." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:17992 is_a: XCO:0000431 ! disaccharide created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-07T10:31:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000433 name: controlled sucrose content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of sucrose consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Sucrose is a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose used as a food, a sweetener, a preservative and a pharmaceutical aid." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:17992 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000432 ! sucrose created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-07T10:33:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000434 name: octylphenol def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is octylphenol, a phenolic ring with an 8-carbon side chain." [] xref: CHEBI:34432 is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance is_a: XCO:0000396 ! phenolic/phenol derivative created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-07T13:09:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000435 name: antineoplastic agent def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is any chemical that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms." [] synonym: "anticancer agent" RELATED [] synonym: "cancer chemotherapy agent" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:35610 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-12T13:30:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000436 name: controlled N-propyl-N-nitrosourea content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of N-propyl-N-nitrosourea (PNU) is maintained at a specified level. PNU is a mutation-inducing chemical with three major moieties, a propyl group (-C3H7), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group)." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrosourea "Wikipedia", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed, pubchem.compound:13157] synonym: "controlled 1-nitroso-1-propylurea content diet" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled 1-propyl-1-nitrosourea content diet" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled PNU content diet" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled propylnitrosourea content diet" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000344 ! N-propyl-N-nitrosourea created_by: JSMITH creation_date: 2014-04-17T12:42:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000437 name: controlled N-propyl-N-nitrosourea content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of N-propyl-N-nitrosourea (PNU) consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. PNU is a mutation-inducing chemical with three major moieties, a propyl group (-C3H7), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group)." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrosourea "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982, pubchem.compound:13157] synonym: "controlled 1-nitroso-1-propylurea content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled 1-propyl-1-nitrosourea content drinking water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled PNU content drinking water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled propylnitrosourea content drinking water" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000344 ! N-propyl-N-nitrosourea created_by: JSMITH creation_date: 2014-04-17T12:42:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000438 name: candesartan def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is candesartan, the angiotensin II receptor 1 (AT1) antagonist which exhibits antihypertensive effects in animal models." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candesartan "Wikipedia"] synonym: "2-Ethoxy-1-[[2'-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl]-1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid 1-[[(cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl]oxy]ethyl ester" EXACT [] synonym: "TCV-116" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:3348 xref: MESH:C081643 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000536 ! angiotensin II receptor antagonist is_a: XCO:0000863 ! antihypertensive agent created_by: JSMITH creation_date: 2014-04-17T13:11:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000439 name: controlled 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene (MDAB), a substituted azobenzene compound that acts as a potent liver carcinogen, consumed by an organism as part of an experiment." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://potency.berkeley.edu/chempages/3%27-METHYL-4-DIMETHYLAMINOAZOBENZENE.html "Website", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "controlled 3'-Me-DAB content drinking water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled 3'-methyl-4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene content drinking water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled 4-Dimethylamino-3'-methylazobenzene content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled MDAB content drinking water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled methyldimethylaminoazobenzene content drinking water" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:76329 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000207 ! 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene created_by: JSMITH creation_date: 2014-04-17T15:49:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000440 name: controlled 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (MDAB), a substituted azobenzene compound that acts as a potent liver carcinogen, is maintained at a specified level." [http://potency.berkeley.edu/chempages/3%27-METHYL-4-DIMETHYLAMINOAZOBENZENE.html "Website", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled 3'-Me-DAB content diet" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled 3'-methyl-4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene content diet" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled 4-Dimethylamino-3'-methylazobenzene content diet" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled MDAB content diet" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled methyldimethylaminoazobenzene content diet" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:76329 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000207 ! 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene created_by: JSMITH creation_date: 2014-04-17T15:49:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000441 name: controlled 2-acetamidofluorene content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of 2-acetamidofluorene, a substituted ortho-fused polycyclic arene that is a carcinogenic and mutagenic derivative of fluorene, consumed by an organism as part of an experiment." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylaminofluorene "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "controlled 2-AAF content drinking water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled 2-acetylaminofluorene content drinking water" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:17356 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000208 ! 2-acetamidofluorene created_by: JSMITH creation_date: 2014-04-17T16:31:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000442 name: controlled 2-acetamidofluorene content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of 2-acetamidofluorene, a substituted ortho-fused polycyclic arene that is a carcinogenic and mutagenic derivative of fluorene, is maintained at a specified level." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylaminofluorene "Wikipedia", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled 2-AAF content diet" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled 2-acetylaminofluorene content diet" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:17356 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000208 ! 2-acetamidofluorene created_by: JSMITH creation_date: 2014-04-17T16:31:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000443 name: controlled dexamethasone content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of dexamethasone (DEX) is maintained at a specified level. DEX is a long-acting synthetic adrenocorticoid, analogous to but more potent than cortisol (a natural hormone produced by the adrenal glands), with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activities." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dexamethasone "Wikipedia", http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682792.html "Website", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled DEX content diet" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000372 ! dexamethasone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-04-24T13:35:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000444 name: controlled dexamethasone content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of dexamethasone (DEX) consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. DEX is a long-acting synthetic adrenocorticoid, analogous to but more potent than cortisol (a natural hormone produced by the adrenal glands), with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activities." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dexamethasone "Wikipedia", http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682792.html "Website", ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled DEX content drinking water" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000372 ! dexamethasone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-04-24T13:35:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000445 name: phosphate buffered saline def: "A relatively standardized solution of sodium chloride to which one or more phosphate salts have been added to maintain a neutral pH. PBS is isotonic, that is, the ionic strength of PBS is close to that inside living cells." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate_buffered_saline "Wikipedia"] synonym: "PBS" RELATED [] synonym: "phosphate-buffer sodium chloride solution" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:26020 xref: CHEBI:26710 xref: CHEBI:35225 is_a: XCO:0000155 ! sodium chloride solution is_a: XCO:0000315 ! buffer solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-04-24T14:08:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000446 name: estrus cycle def: "One of the two types of reproductive cycles. Specifically, the correlated phenomena of the endocrine and reproductive systems of a female (especially, non-primate) mammal resulting in regularly occurring periods during which the female is sexually active and receptive, estrus, separated by periods in which there is no sexual receptivity." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed, Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "estral cycle" RELATED [] synonym: "estrous cycle" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000411 ! reproduction condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-05-15T18:09:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000447 name: estrus def: "A regularly recurrent state of sexual excitability during which the female of non-primate mammalian species will accept the male and is capable of conceiving." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "estrous" RELATED [] synonym: "heat" RELATED [] synonym: "oestrus" EXACT [] relationship: part_of XCO:0000446 ! estrus cycle created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-05-15T18:16:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000448 name: metestrus def: "The period of regression and sexual inactivity in females of non-primate mammalian species between estrus and diestrus." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] synonym: "metestrous" RELATED [] relationship: part_of XCO:0000446 ! estrus cycle created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-05-15T18:25:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000449 name: diestrus def: "A period of sexual quiescence that intervenes between two periods of estrus in females of non-primate mammalian species between. In general during diestrus blood levels of estrogens are minimal, progesterone levels are high and the physiological state in the uterus is most conducive for implantation and growth of the developing fetus." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed, Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "diestrous" RELATED [] relationship: part_of XCO:0000446 ! estrus cycle created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-05-15T18:29:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000450 name: proestrus def: "A preparatory period immediately preceding estrus and characterized by growth of graafian follicles, increased estrogenic activity, and alteration of uterine and vaginal mucosa." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] synonym: "proestrous" RELATED [] relationship: part_of XCO:0000446 ! estrus cycle created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-05-15T18:33:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000451 name: Herpes simplex virus type 1 def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a neurotropic virus that is a member of the Herpesviridae family and that, once the infection becomes chronic, has the ability to cycle through recurring outbreak periods followed by periods of latency or dormancy in which the virus is inactive but still present in infected nerve cells. HSV1 causes primarily mouth, throat, face, eye, and central nervous system infections." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex_virus "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Herpes simplex virus 1" RELATED [] synonym: "HSV-1" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000237 ! viral pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-05-15T19:05:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000452 name: controlled casein content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of casein is maintained at a specified level. Casein, a phosphoprotein, is the principle protein component of milk." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled caseinogen content diet" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-12T17:25:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000453 name: controlled butter content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of butter is maintained at a specified level. Butter is a soft yellowish or whitish emulsion of milk fat, water and air, churned from milk or cream and processed for use in cooking and as a food." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-12T17:27:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000454 name: controlled oil content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of a specified oil is maintained at a specified level. An oil is any unctuous, combustible substance that is liquid, or easily liquefiable, on warming, and is soluble in ether but not in water. Oils may be animal, vegetable, or mineral in origin." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-12T17:27:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000455 name: controlled corn oil content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of corn oil is maintained at a specified level. Corn oil is a refined fixed, that is, nonvolatile, oil obtained from corn, the embryo of Zea mays plant. It is sometimes promoted as a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000454 ! controlled oil content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-12T17:28:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000456 name: retinyl palmitate def: "Any condition in which the primary influencing agent is retinyl palmitate, the synthetic ester of retinol (vitamin A) and palmitic acid, with formula C36H60O2." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinyl_palmitate "Wikipedia"] synonym: "retinol palmitate" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-12T17:56:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000457 name: controlled retinoid content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of any retinoid is maintained at a specified level. Retinoids comprise retinal, retinol and any structurally similar natural derivative or synthetic compound, with or without vitamin A activity." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled vitamin A content diet" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000690 ! controlled vitamin content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-12T17:57:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000458 name: controlled retinyl palmitate content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of retinyl palmitate is maintained at a specified level. Retinyl palmitate is the synthetic ester of retinol (vitamin A) and palmitic acid, with formula C36H60O2." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinyl_palmitate "Wikipedia", Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "controlled retinol palmitate content diet" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000457 ! controlled retinoid content diet relationship: has_component XCO:0000456 ! retinyl palmitate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-12T17:59:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000459 name: controlled light/dark cycle def: "A recurring series of conditions in which an organism experiences successive periods of exposure to controlled ambient light followed by exposure to darkness, the lack of such light, which is in turn followed by exposure to controlled ambient light and so forth." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000284 ! controlled visible light exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-17T16:30:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000460 name: subcutaneous interscapular air pouch def: "Induction and/or maintenance of a hollow cavity beneath the skin between the scapulae (the flat triangular bones at the top or back of the shoulder), by injection or other introduction of a specified volume of air. Experimental air pouches are often used to encapsulate foreign cells or other substances." [PMID:17277140, PMID:7019400, Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-17T17:19:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000461 name: restricted feeding def: "A dietary regimen in which access to food is limited, e.g. to a specified number of hours per day or to a specified part of the light-dark cycle, with or without restrictions in the amount or type of food available when feeding is allowed." [PMID:24739093] synonym: "time-restricted feeding" RELATED [] synonym: "TRF" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-06-23T16:24:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000462 name: light phase of controlled light/dark cycle def: "The portion of a controlled light/dark cycle in which the subject is exposed to ambient light (that is, during which the room is lit). A controlled light/dark cycle is a recurring series of conditions in which an organism experiences successive periods of exposure to controlled ambient light followed by exposure to darkness, the lack of such light, which is in turn followed by exposure to controlled ambient light and so forth." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000459 ! controlled light/dark cycle created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-08-26T13:10:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000463 name: dark phase of controlled light/dark cycle def: "The portion of a controlled light/dark cycle in which the subject is not being exposed to ambient light (that is, during which the room is darkened). A controlled light/dark cycle is a recurring series of conditions in which an organism experiences successive periods of exposure to controlled ambient light followed by exposure to darkness, the lack of such light, which is in turn followed by exposure to controlled ambient light and so forth." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000459 ! controlled light/dark cycle created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-08-26T13:12:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000464 name: controlled ex vivo organ condition def: "Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of an organ, that is, a differentiated, structural part of a system of the body that performs a specific function, is experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. after removal from the body." [Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-01-13T12:48:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000465 name: controlled ex vivo artery condition def: "Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues, is experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. after removal from the body." [Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000464 ! controlled ex vivo organ condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-01-13T12:59:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000466 name: controlled ex vivo artery perfusion pressure def: "A condition in which the pressure, or force per area, exerted by a perfusate against the walls of an artery after removal from the body but while the tissue is still viable, is regulated or maintained at a specified level." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "controlled ex vivo artery intraluminal pressure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000465 ! controlled ex vivo artery condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-01-13T13:16:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000467 name: retinoid def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is a retinoid, any of a group of compounds containing 20 carbon atoms and structurally related to retinal, retinol, and other substances, some of which exhibit vitamin A activity." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] xref: CHEBI:26537 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-03-06T18:09:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000468 name: vitamin A def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is vitamin A, a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_A "Wikipedia", https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-Consumer/] xref: CHEBI:12777 is_a: XCO:0000377 ! vitamin is_a: XCO:0000467 ! retinoid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-03-06T18:11:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000469 name: isotretinoin def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is isotretinoin, a synthetic first generation retinoid compound used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinoid "Wikipedia"] synonym: "13-cis-retinoic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "13cRA" EXACT [] synonym: "Accutane" EXACT [] synonym: "Roaccutane" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:6067 is_a: XCO:0000467 ! retinoid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-03-06T18:13:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000470 name: flavonoid def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is a flavonoid, any of a class of plant secondary metabolites that have the general structure of a 15-carbon skeleton, which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ring (C)." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavonoid "Wikipedia"] synonym: "bioflavonoid" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-03-06T18:16:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000471 name: quercetin def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is quercetin, a pentahydroxyflavone having the five hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3'-, 4'-, 5- and 7-positions. It is a yellow flavonoid pigment found in oak bark, the juice of lemons, asparagus, and other fruits and vegetables and is used to reduce abnormal capillary fragility." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "meletin" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:16243 is_a: XCO:0000470 ! flavonoid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-03-06T18:17:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000472 name: chrysin def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is chrysin, a dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7." [] synonym: "5,7-dihydroxyflavone" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:75095 is_a: XCO:0000470 ! flavonoid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-03-06T18:19:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000473 name: naringenin def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is naringenin, a trihydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 6 and 4'. Naringenin is the predominant flavanone in grapefruit and has demonstrated inhibitory activity against the CYP1A2 cytochrome P450 isoform." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naringenin "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:50202 is_a: XCO:0000470 ! flavonoid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-03-06T18:20:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000474 name: alendronate def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is alendronate (the anionic form of alendronic acid), a bisphosphonate drug used for osteoporosis and several other bone diseases, because it inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone-resorption." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alendronic_acid "Wikipedia"] synonym: "alendronic acid" RELATED [] synonym: "Binosto" EXACT [] synonym: "Fosamax" EXACT [] synonym: "sodium alendronate" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:2567 xref: CHEBI:50647 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-03-06T18:29:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000475 name: bacterial pathogen def: "Any condition in which the primary influencing agent is a bacterial pathogen, a disease-causing unicellular prokaryotic microorganism that commonly multiplies by cell division, lacks a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, and generally has a cell wall." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "pathogenic bacteria" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000236 ! pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-29T14:14:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000476 name: Streptococcus pneumoniae def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is Streptococcus pneumoniae, a species of Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, facultative anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy human carriers." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_pneumoniae "Wikipedia"] xref: NCBITaxon:1313 is_a: XCO:0000475 ! bacterial pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-30T13:35:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000477 name: Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is Streptococcus pneumoniae D39, a potentially virulent strain of the S. pneumoniae species of Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, facultative anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy human carriers." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_pneumoniae "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Streptococcus pneumoniae strain D39" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:373153 is_a: XCO:0000476 ! Streptococcus pneumoniae created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-30T13:36:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000478 name: Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4, a potentially virulent strain of the S. pneumoniae species of Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, facultative anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy human carriers." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_pneumoniae "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Streptococcus pneumoniae strain TIGR4" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:170187 is_a: XCO:0000476 ! Streptococcus pneumoniae created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-30T13:38:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000479 name: Haemophilus influenzae def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is Haemophilus influenzae, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic bacterium which is considered an opportunistic pathogen, i.e. one that can colonize a host without causing disease unless there are extenuating circumstances which result in susceptibility on the part of the host." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemophilus_influenzae "Wikipedia"] xref: NCBITaxon:727 is_a: XCO:0000743 ! Haemophilus created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-30T13:41:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000480 name: nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is one or more nontypeable strain(s) of Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). NTHi refers to any unencapsulated strain of the Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic bacterium species Haemophilus influenza. Such bacteria lack the capsular antigens used to serotype strains and therefore cannot be classified by serology. NTHi strains are the important pathogens in chronic and recurrent otitis media in children." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemophilus_influenzae "Wikipedia", PMID:15968074] synonym: "NTHi" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000479 ! Haemophilus influenzae created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-30T13:42:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000481 name: Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is the 86-028NP strain of Haemophilus influenzae. 86-028NP is a pathogenic, nontypeable H. influenzae strain isolated from the nasopharynx of a child with chronic otitis media." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemophilus_influenzae "Wikipedia", PMID:15968074] synonym: "86028NP" RELATED [] synonym: "Haemophilus influenzae strain 86-028NP" EXACT [] synonym: "NTHi 86-028NP" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:281310 is_a: XCO:0000480 ! nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-30T13:48:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000482 name: antimicrobial agent def: "A substance that kills or slows the growth of one or more microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans." [] synonym: "antibiotic" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:33281 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-30T14:25:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000483 name: antibacterial agent def: "A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria, unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms that commonly multiply by cell division, lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, and generally have a cell wall." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:33282 is_a: XCO:0000482 ! antimicrobial agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-30T14:31:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000484 name: ceftriaxone def: "A third-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceftriaxone "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:29007 is_a: XCO:0000483 ! antibacterial agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-04-30T14:44:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000485 name: Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP H2 mutant def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is the H2 mutant of the 86-028NP strain of Haemophilus influenzae." [RGD:JRS] synonym: "86H2" RELATED [] synonym: "Haemophilus influenzae mutant strain 86-028NP-H2" EXACT [] synonym: "NTHi 86-028NP H2 mutant" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:281310 is_a: XCO:0000481 ! Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:54:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000486 name: Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP C5 mutant def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is the C5 mutant of the 86-028NP strain of Haemophilus influenzae." [RGD:JRS] synonym: "86C5" RELATED [] synonym: "Haemophilus influenzae mutant strain 86-028NP-C5" EXACT [] synonym: "NTHi 86-028NP C5 mutant" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:281310 is_a: XCO:0000481 ! Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:58:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000487 name: Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 LuxS mutant def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is the LuxS mutant of Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4." [RGD:JRS] synonym: "Streptococcus pneumoniae mutant strain TIGR4luxS" EXACT [] synonym: "TIGR4luxS" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:170187 is_a: XCO:0000478 ! Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:59:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000488 name: social environment condition def: "Any condition related to or affecting the external interactions and relationships of a single organism, between single organisms, or within or between groups of organisms." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] synonym: "social context condition" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2015-12-07T15:12:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000489 name: temporary social environment condition def: "Any condition in which the social environment of an organism is set or changed for a specified and/or limited period of time." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000488 ! social environment condition created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2015-12-07T15:40:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000490 name: ongoing social environment condition def: "Any condition in which the social environment of an organism is set or changed for an extended period of time or on a continual basis." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000488 ! social environment condition created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2015-12-07T15:56:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000491 name: controlled exposure to an organism of the same species def: "An experimental condition in which a test subject is placed in social contact with an organism from the same species. A species is a fundamental category of taxonomic classification, ranking below a genus and consisting of related organisms capable of interbreeding." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000489 ! temporary social environment condition created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2015-12-07T15:59:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000492 name: controlled exposure to a juvenile of the same species def: "This is an experimental condition in which a test subject is placed in social contact with a juvenile (young, not yet mature, not fully grown and/or not fully developed) organism from the same species." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, https://www.merriam-webster.com] synonym: "controlled exposure to an adolescent of the same species" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000491 ! controlled exposure to an organism of the same species created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2015-12-07T16:11:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000493 name: controlled exposure to an adult of the same species def: "An experimental condition in which a test subject is placed in social contact with an adult (an organism that is fully developed and has reached physical and/or sexual maturity) from the same species." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000491 ! controlled exposure to an organism of the same species created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2015-12-07T16:18:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000494 name: postmenopause def: "The physiological period after the natural cessation of estrus or menstruation cycles in an aging female mammal." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, http://www.medicaldictionaryweb.com/Postmenopause-definition/ "Website", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "postmenopausal" RELATED [] synonym: "post-productive period" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000411 ! reproduction condition created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2016-02-01T11:00:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000495 name: neurotoxic substance def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is any substance that is poisonous or destructive to nerve cells or tissue, or that can be metabolized into a substance that is destructive to nerve cells or tissue." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] comment: Note that, although commonly used to refer to any neurotoxic substance, the term "neurotoxin" is technically restricted to naturally occurring proteins or peptides which are neurotoxic. synonym: "neurotoxin" NARROW [] is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2016-04-25T13:04:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000496 name: neurotoxin def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a peptide, a protein or a conjugated protein produced by some higher plants, animals, and pathogenic bacteria, that is poisonous or destructive to nerve cells or tissue." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000240 ! toxin is_a: XCO:0000495 ! neurotoxic substance created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2016-04-25T13:25:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000497 name: Parkinson disease inducing chemical def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a synthetic or naturally derived compound that causes loss of dopaminergic neurons and induces Parkinson-like symptoms (parkinsonism) in animal models and/or Parkinson disease in humans." [PMID:22108613] synonym: "Parkinson's disease inducing chemical" EXACT [] synonym: "parkinsonism-inducing chemical" RELATED [] xref: MESH:D010300 is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2016-04-25T13:44:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000498 name: oxidopamine def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is oxidopamine, a neurotoxic organic compound used to induce degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in animal models." [PMID:22108613] synonym: "6-hydoxydopamine" RELATED [] synonym: "6-OHDA" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:78741 is_a: XCO:0000495 ! neurotoxic substance is_a: XCO:0000497 ! Parkinson disease inducing chemical created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2016-04-25T15:27:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000499 name: 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), the precursor to the toxic metabolite MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium cation) which promotes degeneration of dopaminergic neurons." [PMID:22108613] synonym: "MPTP" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:17963 is_a: XCO:0000495 ! neurotoxic substance is_a: XCO:0000497 ! Parkinson disease inducing chemical created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2016-04-25T15:31:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000500 name: paraquat def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is paraquat, a herbicidal organic cation used to model Parkinson's disease in mice." [PMID:22108613] xref: CHEBI:34905 is_a: XCO:0000495 ! neurotoxic substance is_a: XCO:0000497 ! Parkinson disease inducing chemical created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2016-04-25T15:35:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000501 name: rotenone def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is rotenone, an insecticide and piscicide extracted from Leguminosa plants. Rotenone can be used to induce degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in animal models." [PMID:22108613] xref: CHEBI:28201 is_a: XCO:0000496 ! neurotoxin is_a: XCO:0000497 ! Parkinson disease inducing chemical created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2016-04-25T15:41:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000502 name: body part position change def: "A condition characterized by an alteration in the placement, arrangement or orientation of any part of the body of an organism such as an organ or extremity." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed, https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/body_part "Wiktionary"] is_a: XCO:0000066 ! body position change created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-02-22T18:31:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000503 name: head position change def: "A condition characterized by an alteration in the placement, arrangement or orientation of the head of an organism." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed, https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/body_part "Wiktionary"] synonym: "change in position of the head" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000502 ! body part position change created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-02-22T18:33:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000504 name: coronal plane rotational acceleration of the head def: "A condition characterized by rotation or twisting of the head parallel to the coronal plane of the body (that is, the plane which separates the belly from the back of the organism) at an increasing velocity." [PMID:27188340] synonym: "coronal plane angular acceleration of the head" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000503 ! head position change created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-02-22T18:34:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000505 name: anti-inflammatory agent def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which counteracts or suppresses inflammation." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "antiinflammatory agent" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:67079 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-02-22T18:36:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000506 name: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which counteracts or suppresses inflammation but which is not a steroid." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "NSAID" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:35475 is_a: XCO:0000505 ! anti-inflammatory agent created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-02-22T18:40:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000507 name: carprofen def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with chemical formula C15H12ClNO2, used as a veterinary analgesic." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carprofen "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:364453 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic is_a: XCO:0000506 ! non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-02-22T18:45:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000508 name: audible tone stimulus def: "An auditory stimulus consisting of a sound which is at a frequency and level to be perceptible to the ear, especially the human ear." [Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012, Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000048 ! auditory stimulus created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-02-22T18:56:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000509 name: ultrasonic stimulus def: "An auditory stimulus consisting of sound waves which are beyond the upper limit of perception by the human ear." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000048 ! auditory stimulus created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-02-22T19:03:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000510 name: coronal plane rotational velocity of the head def: "An experimental condition characterized by rotation or twisting of the head parallel to the coronal plane of the body (that is, the plane which separates the belly from the back of the organism) at a relatively constant velocity." [PMID:27188340] synonym: "coronal plane angular velocity of the head" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000503 ! head position change created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-04-21T13:27:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000511 name: ester def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance is a chemical compound derived from the linkage of an organic or inorganic acid and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol with the loss of water (H2O) formed from one hydrogen derived from an acidic hydroxy group of the acid and an -OH (hydroxy) group of the alcohol." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:35701 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T12:56:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000512 name: teratogen def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance with adverse or toxic effects on an embryo or fetus resulting in birth defects, specifically, altered development, growth retardation, functional defect and/or embryo death." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teratology "Wikipedia"] synonym: "teratogenic agent" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:50905 is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T12:58:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000513 name: dibutyl phthalate def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is dibutyl phthalate (DBP), the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. DBP has been used as a plasticizer and as an antiparasitic drug used to treat infestation of parasites on the surface of the body, and is suspected of being an endocrine disruptor and teratogen." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dibutyl_phthalate "Wikipedia"] synonym: "DBP" RELATED [] synonym: "di-n-butyl phthalate" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:34687 is_a: XCO:0000511 ! ester is_a: XCO:0000512 ! teratogen created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:00:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000514 name: metoprolol def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is metoprolol, a selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, acute myocardial infarction, tachycardia, and congestive heart failure, and to prevent migraine headaches." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoprolol "Wikipedia", MESH:D008790] xref: MESH:D008790 is_a: XCO:0000336 ! adrenergic antagonist is_a: XCO:0000396 ! phenolic/phenol derivative created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:05:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000515 name: metoprolol tartrate def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is metoprolol tartrate, an immediate-release formulation of metoprolol. Metoprolol is a selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, acute myocardial infarction, tachycardia, and congestive heart failure, and to prevent migraine headaches." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoprolol "Wikipedia", MESH:D008790] is_a: XCO:0000514 ! metoprolol created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:06:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000516 name: metoprolol succinate def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is metoprolol succinate, an extended-release formulation of metoprolol. Metoprolol is a selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, acute myocardial infarction, tachycardia, and congestive heart failure, and to prevent migraine headaches." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metoprolol "Wikipedia", MESH:D008790] is_a: XCO:0000514 ! metoprolol created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:06:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000517 name: anti-transforming growth factor beta antibody def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is an immunoglobulin molecule or a preparation of multiple antibody molecules having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with any or all of the transforming growth factor beta cytokines." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed, Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "1D11 monoclonal antibody" NARROW [] synonym: "anti-TGFbeta antibody" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000194 ! antibody created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:10:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000518 name: anti-Shiga toxin 1 beta antibody def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is an immunoglobulin molecule or a preparation of multiple antibody molecules having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with the beta subunit of Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae 1." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed, PMID:26904753, Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "anti-Shigatoxin 1B antibody" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000194 ! antibody created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:12:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000519 name: anti-Shiga toxin 1 beta monoclonal antibody 13C4 def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is an immunoglobulin molecule having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with the beta subunit of Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae 1. This monoclonal antibody has been used as an IgG1 isotype control." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed, PMID:14675041, PMID:26904753, Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "anti-Shigatoxin 1B monoclonal antibody 13C4" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000518 ! anti-Shiga toxin 1 beta antibody created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:14:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000520 name: neuromodulation def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is the alteration of nerve activity through targeted delivery of a stimulus, such as electrical stimulation or chemical agents, to specific neurological sites in the body." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromodulation_(medicine) "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:25:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000521 name: direct electrical nerve stimulation def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is the alteration of nerve activity through targeted delivery of an electrical stimulus directly to a specific nerve or nerves, for example through the use of microelectrodes or an implanted device." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurostimulation "Wikipedia"] synonym: "direct electrical nerve stimulus" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000520 ! neuromodulation created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:25:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000522 name: common peroneal nerve direct electrical stimulation def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is the alteration of nerve activity through targeted delivery of an electrical stimulus directly the common peroneal nerve(s), for example through the use of microelectrodes or an implanted device. The common peroneal nerve is one of the terminal divisions of the sciatic nerve, diverging from the tibial nerve at the upper end of the popliteal fossa, then coursing with the biceps tendon along the lateral portion of the popliteal space to wind around the neck of the fibula, where it divides into the superficial and deep peroneal nerves." [Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_peroneal_nerve "Wikipedia", https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurostimulation "Wikipedia"] synonym: "direct electrical stimulus of the common peroneal nerve" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000521 ! direct electrical nerve stimulation created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:27:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000523 name: enzyme inhibitor def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which decreases or interferes with the activity of an enzyme, a protein that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reactions." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:31:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000524 name: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which decreases or interferes with the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). ACE is an enzyme involved in catalyzing the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active peptide angiotensin II. ACE inhibitors are used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction and diabetic nephropathy." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACE_inhibitor "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "ACE inhibitor" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000863 ! antihypertensive agent created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:32:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000525 name: benazepril def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is benazepril, a benzazepine in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety of benazeprilat has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. Removal of the ester by the liver converts the prodrug back to its active form, benazeprilat. Benazepril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction and diabetic nephropathy." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benazepril "Wikipedia", ISBN:978-1416049982] xref: CHEBI:3011 is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:34:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000526 name: swimming with water weights def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is the action of moving one's appendages to propel oneself through water while carrying weights (for example, aquatic dumbbells, ankle cuffs, or weighted belt) to increase resistance and/or decrease buoyancy thereby increasing the difficulty of the action." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed, Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-07-18T13:50:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000527 name: genetic manipulation def: "A condition in which the genotype or the gene expression of an organism or a cell has been modified." [Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2009] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-08-11T16:51:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000528 name: gene transfer def: "A condition in which copies of an exogenous gene have been (transiently or stably) inserted into a living cell or organism in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product." [Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010] synonym: "horizontal gene transfer" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000527 ! genetic manipulation created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-08-11T16:57:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000529 name: gene transfer using adenovirus vector def: "A condition in which gene transfer has been performed using an adenovirus as the carrier of the genetic material. An adenovirus is any of a group of medium-sized (90-100 nm) non-enveloped icosahedral viruses of the family Adenoviridae which are characterized by a nucleocapsid surrounding a double-stranded DNA genome." [Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012] synonym: "adenoviral gene transfer" RELATED [] synonym: "adenovirus transfer" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000528 ! gene transfer created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-08-11T16:58:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000530 name: gene transfer of the murine angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 gene using an adenovirus vector def: "A condition in which the mouse angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (Ace2) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism." [RGD:12879447, Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010] synonym: "Ad-Ace2" RELATED [] synonym: "adenoviral transfer of the murine Ace2 gene" EXACT [] synonym: "transfer of recombinant adenovirus containing the murine Ace2 gene" EXACT [] xref: MGI:1917258 xref: RGD:1550521 is_a: XCO:0000529 ! gene transfer using adenovirus vector created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-08-11T17:15:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000531 name: gene transfer of the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene using an adenovirus vector def: "A condition in which the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism." [RGD:12879447, Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010] synonym: "Ad-EGFP" RELATED [] synonym: "adenoviral transfer of the EGFP gene" EXACT [] synonym: "transfer of recombinant adenovirus containing the EGFP gene" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000529 ! gene transfer using adenovirus vector created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-08-11T17:17:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000532 name: protein synthesis inhibitor def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance which disrupts one or more of the processes that lead directly to the generation of new proteins, that is, that inhibits the process of translation of mRNAs into proteins." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_synthesis_inhibitor "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-08-11T17:21:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000533 name: puromycin def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is puromycin, an aminonucleoside antibiotic derived from the Streptomyces alboniger bacterium, that causes premature chain termination during translation taking place in the ribosome." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puromycin "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:17939 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000482 ! antimicrobial agent is_a: XCO:0000532 ! protein synthesis inhibitor created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-08-11T17:21:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000534 name: sunitinib def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is sunitinib, an antineoplastic agent which acts as a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and an antagonist for multiple platelet-derived growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Sunitinib is used as a chemotherapy agent in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunitinib "Wikipedia"] synonym: "sunitinibum" RELATED [] synonym: "Sutent" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:38940 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000970 ! protein kinase inhibitor created_by: jesmith creation_date: 2017-08-11T17:28:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000535 name: lisinopril def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is lisinopril, an antihypertensive competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, ISBN:978-1416049982] synonym: "Prinivil" RELATED [] synonym: "Qbrelis" RELATED [] synonym: "Zestril" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-11T10:54:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000536 name: angiotensin II receptor antagonist def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that blocks one or more angiotensin II receptors." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_II_receptor_blocker "Wikipedia"] synonym: "angiotensin II receptor blocker" EXACT [] synonym: "ARB" RELATED [] synonym: "sartan" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-14T18:01:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000537 name: olmesartan medoxomil def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is olmesartan medoxomil, an angiotensin II receptor blocker which is used as an antihypertensive agent." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmesartan "Wikipedia"] synonym: "CS-866" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000536 ! angiotensin II receptor antagonist is_a: XCO:0000863 ! antihypertensive agent created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-14T18:27:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000538 name: temocapril def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is temocapril, an angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor consisting of a dipeptide prodrug with a thiazepine ring." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temocapril "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Acecol" RELATED [] synonym: "alpha-((2S,6R)-6-((1S)-1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenylpropyl)amino-5-oxo-2-(2-thienyl)perhydro-1,4-thiazepin-4-yl)acetic acid.HCl" EXACT [] synonym: "CS-622" RELATED [] synonym: "CS622" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-14T18:34:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000539 name: doxorubicin def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is doxorubicin, a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius and used as a chemotherapy medication. Doxorubicin binds to nucleic acids, presumably by specific intercalation of the planar anthracycline nucleus with the DNA double helix." [drugbank:DB00997, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doxorubicin "Wikipedia"] synonym: "ADR" EXACT [] synonym: "Adriablastine" EXACT [] synonym: "adriamycin" EXACT [] synonym: "DXR" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:28748 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000482 ! antimicrobial agent created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T15:54:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000540 name: delapril def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is delapril, an antihypertensive prodrug that, when converted to its active metabolites 5-hydroxy delapril diacid and delapril diacid, acts as an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delapril "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:135735 is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T15:58:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000541 name: bosentan def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is bosentan, a competitive antagonist of endothelin-1 that blocks the binding of endothelin to both the endothelin-A (ET-A) and endothelin-B (ET-B)receptors. Bosentan is used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosentan "Wikipedia", https://phassociation.org/patients/treatments/bosentan/ "Website"] synonym: "bosentanum" RELATED [] synonym: "Tracleer" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000730 ! endothelin receptor antagonist created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T16:06:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000542 name: enalapril def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is enalapril, a prodrug that is rapidly metabolized in the liver to enalaprilat, a potent, competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enalapril "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Enacard" RELATED [] synonym: "Renitec" RELATED [] synonym: "Vasotec" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T16:09:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000543 name: vitamin D def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is one or more closely related forms (vitamers) of vitamin D, a group of fat-soluble secosteroid vitamins (when ingested from dietary sources) and/or hormones (when produced by the skin in response to ultraviolet radiation). Vitamin D is involved in intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium and phosphate, and in calcium homeostasis and metabolism." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000377 ! vitamin created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T16:17:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000544 name: vitamin D2 def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is vitamin D2, a type of vitamin D found in food and used as a dietary supplement. The D2 vitamer has been found to be less efficiently absorbed in the human intestine and/or less biologically active than the D3 vitamer." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergocalciferol "Wikipedia", PMID:22552031] synonym: "Calcidol" RELATED [] synonym: "calciferol" EXACT [] synonym: "Drisdol" RELATED [] synonym: "ergocalciferol" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000543 ! vitamin D created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T16:22:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000545 name: vitamin D3 def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is vitamin D3, a form of vitamin D which is naturally synthesized in the skin of animals by the action of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation on 7-dehydrocholesterol. Vitamin D3 is also found in some foods and can be used as a dietary supplement. The D3 vitamer has been found to be more efficiently absorbed in the human intestine and/or more biologically active than the D2 vitamer." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholecalciferol "Wikipedia", PMID:22552031] synonym: "cholecalciferol" EXACT [] synonym: "colecalciferol" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000543 ! vitamin D created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T16:35:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000546 name: vitamin analog def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a compound with structural and/or functional similarity to a vitamin and can therefore be substituted for the analogous vitamin." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog "Wikipedia"] synonym: "vitamin analogue" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000377 ! vitamin created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T16:41:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000547 name: paricalcitol def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is paricalcitol, an analog of vitamin D2 used for the prevention and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paricalcitol "Wikipedia"] synonym: "19-nor-1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D2" EXACT [] synonym: "Zemplar" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000546 ! vitamin analog created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T16:44:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000548 name: ramipril def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is ramipril, a prodrug that is metabolized in the liver to ramiprilat, a potent, competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)." [drugbank:DB00178, MESH:D017257] synonym: "Altace" EXACT [] synonym: "Tritace" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:8774 is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T16:51:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000549 name: left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blockage of the left anterior descending coronary artery, the artery supplying blood to approximately half of the left ventricle of the heart including the anterolateral myocardium, apex, and interventricular septum." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_interventricular_branch_of_left_coronary_artery "Wikipedia"] synonym: "LAD blockage" RELATED [] synonym: "LAD occlusion" RELATED [] synonym: "left coronary artery ligation" EXACT [] synonym: "widow maker occlusion" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000347 ! blood vessel occlusion created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T16:57:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000550 name: reserpine def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is reserpine, an indole alkaloid which irreversibly blocks the vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs), SLC18A1 and SLC18A2. Reserpine has been used as both an antihypertensive drug and an antipsychotic drug." [drugbank:DB00206, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserpine "Wikipedia", PMID:7905859] synonym: "methyl (3beta,16beta,17alpha,18beta,20alpha)-11,17-dimethoxy-18-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)oxy]yohimban-16-carboxylate" EXACT [] synonym: "Serpasil" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:28487 xref: MESH:D012110 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000863 ! antihypertensive agent created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T17:19:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000551 name: hydralazine def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is hydralazine, a vasodilator that appears to have multiple, direct effects on smooth muscles of the arterial vessels, thereby reducing systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure." [drugbank:DB01275, http://cvpharmacology.com/vasodilator/direct "Website"] is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T17:22:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000552 name: controlled hydralazine content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of hydralazine in which the amount of hydralazine consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, MESH:D006830] xref: CHEBI:5775 xref: PMID:3611778 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000551 ! hydralazine created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-15T17:24:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000553 name: everolimus def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor which is selective for the mTORC1 protein complex, with little or no effect on mTORC2. Everolimus is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everolimus "Wikipedia"] xref: CHEBI:68478 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: jrsmith creation_date: 2018-05-31T13:41:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000554 name: controlled phosphorus content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of phosphorus consumed is controlled." [] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-14T15:58:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000555 name: controlled lisinopril content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of lisinopril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment." [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000535 ! lisinopril created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-14T16:04:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000556 name: amino monosaccharide def: "Any amino sugar that is a monosaccharide in which one alcoholic hydroxy group is replaced by an amino group." [] xref: CHEBI:60926 is_a: XCO:0000274 ! monosaccharide created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-16T10:50:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000557 name: glucosamine def: "Glucosamine, commonly used as a treatment for osteoarthritis, is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. Since glucosamine is a precursor for glycosaminoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans are a major component of joint cartilage, supplemental glucosamine may help to rebuild cartilage and treat arthritis." [drugbank:DB01296] synonym: "2-amino-2-deoxyglucose" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000556 ! amino monosaccharide created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-16T10:55:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000558 name: taxifolin def: "Taxifolin is a flavanonol and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxifolin] synonym: "catechin hydrate" EXACT [] synonym: "DHQ" EXACT [] synonym: "dihydroquercetin" EXACT [] synonym: "Distylin" EXACT [] synonym: "Taxifoliol" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:38747 is_a: XCO:0000470 ! flavonoid is_a: XCO:0000506 ! non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-16T11:03:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000559 name: melatonin def: "A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of sleep, mood, and reproduction. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant." [https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/melatonin "Drug Information Portal", https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D008550 "MESH"] xref: CHEBI:16796 is_a: XCO:0000125 ! hormone is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-19T14:33:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000560 name: controlled melatonin content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of melatonin is maintained at a specified level." [] is_a: XCO:0000559 ! melatonin created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-19T14:48:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000561 name: antidepressant def: "Antidepressants are mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions." [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-21T09:51:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000562 name: salidroside def: "A glucoside of tyrosol found in the plant Rhodiola rosea. It is thought to be one of the compounds responsible for the antidepressant and anxiolytic actions of this plant." [https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/salidroside "Drug Information Portal"] synonym: "Rhodioloside" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000561 ! antidepressant created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-21T09:53:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000563 name: Omacor def: "OMACOR is a prescription medicine for adults called a lipid-regulating medicine. It is a mix of docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] (~ 50%) + eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] (~40%) ethylesters." [https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ "Medline Plus"] synonym: "Lovaza" EXACT [] synonym: "Omega-3-Acid Ethyl Esters (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid)" EXACT [] synonym: "Omytrg" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000511 ! ester is_a: XCO:0000680 ! antilipemic agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-27T13:04:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000564 name: meclofenamate def: "A member of the anthranilic acid derivatives class of NSAID drug used for joint, muscular pain, arthritis and dysmenorrhea." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meclofenamic_acid "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000506 ! non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-27T14:31:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000565 name: ipragliflozin def: "A pharmaceutical drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Ipragliflozin reduces blood glucose levels by inhibiting the reuptake of glucose by selectively inhibiting SGLT2." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipragliflozin "Wikipedia"] is_a: XCO:0000407 ! hypoglycemic agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-30T14:59:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000566 name: controlled ipragliflozin content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of ipragliflozin, an oral antidiabetic drug, is maintained at a specified level." [] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000565 ! ipragliflozin created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-11-30T15:02:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000567 name: adrenomedulin is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000228 ! peptide hormone created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T14:02:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000568 name: hydralazine hydrochloride def: "A vasodilator and an antioxidant. It relaxes arteries and inhibits membrane-bound enzymes that form reactive oxygen species, such as superoxides." [] is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant is_a: XCO:0000551 ! hydralazine created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T14:06:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000569 name: controlled hydralazine hydrochloride content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000568 ! hydralazine hydrochloride created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T14:21:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000570 name: tolvaptan def: "A selective and competitive arginine vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist." [] is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T14:25:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000571 name: controlled tolvaptan content diet is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000570 ! tolvaptan created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T14:27:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000572 name: vancomycin def: "A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile." [] xref: CHEBI:28001 is_a: XCO:0000483 ! antibacterial agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T14:37:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000573 name: null is_obsolete: true created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T14:41:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000574 name: controlled vancomycin content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000572 ! vancomycin created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T14:42:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000575 name: meropenem def: "Meropenem is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meropenem "Wikipedia"] synonym: "3-(5-Dimethylcarbamoylpyrrolidin-3-ylthio)-6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "Merrem" EXACT [] synonym: "Merrem Novaplus" EXACT [] synonym: "Penem" EXACT [] synonym: "Ronem" EXACT [] synonym: "SM 7338" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:43968 xref: MESH:D000077731 is_a: XCO:0000483 ! antibacterial agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:07:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000576 name: controlled meropenem content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000575 ! meropenem created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:12:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000577 name: proton pump inhibitor def: "Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce the production of acid by blocking H+/K+ ATPase in the wall of the stomach." [] synonym: "Synonym: PPI" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:17:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000578 name: omeprazole def: "A highly effective inhibitor of gastric acid secretion used in the therapy of stomach ulcers and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome." [] is_a: XCO:0000577 ! proton pump inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:19:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000579 name: controlled in situ gastrointestinal condition def: "Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of the gastrointestinal system is altered." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13:9780781733908] is_a: XCO:0000166 ! controlled in situ organ condition created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:24:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000580 name: forced feeding def: "The administration of food or drugs by force, especially to an animal, typically through a tube leading down the throat to the stomach." [] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:43:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000581 name: oral gavage def: "Introduction of material, foods or drugs into the stomach by a tube via the oral cavity." [] is_a: XCO:0000580 ! forced feeding created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:45:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000582 name: controlled content oral gavage def: "Oral gavage in which the amount of one or more solutes are adjusted to a requirement." [] is_a: XCO:0000581 ! oral gavage created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:49:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000583 name: controlled omeprazole content oral gavage def: "An oral gavage solution made up of solvent and a specified amount of omeprazole." [] is_a: XCO:0000578 ! omeprazole is_a: XCO:0000582 ! controlled content oral gavage created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:51:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000584 name: controlled cecal material content oral gavage def: "An oral gavage delivery made up of a specified amount of harvested cecal material." [] is_a: XCO:0000582 ! controlled content oral gavage created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-05T15:55:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000585 name: scrambled control oligodeoxynucleotide def: "A control oligonucleotide with a non-specific scrambled sequence." [] synonym: "scrambled control ODN" RELATED [] synonym: "SCR ODN" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000234 ! deoxyribonucleic acid created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-06T15:58:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000586 name: Gnai2 antisense oligonucleotide synonym: "Gαi2 ODN" RELATED [] synonym: "Gαi2 oligodeoxynucleotide" RELATED [] synonym: "Gnai2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide" RELATED [] synonym: "Gnai2 AS-ODN" RELATED [] synonym: "Gnai2 ODN" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000234 ! deoxyribonucleic acid created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-06T16:40:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000587 name: intracerebroventricular cannula implantation def: "Stereotaxic implant with a stainless steel cannula into a cerebral ventricle, which can be connected via silastic tubing to a miniosmotic pump for chronic infusion." [PMID:25312437] synonym: "i.c.v. cannula implantation" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000027 ! surgical implantation created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-06T16:45:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000588 name: perindopril def: "Perindopril is a nonsulfhydryl prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver to perindoprilat, a potent, competitive inhibitor of ACE." [drugbank:DB00790] synonym: "Aceon" EXACT [] synonym: "Coversum" EXACT [] synonym: "Coversyl" EXACT [] synonym: "ethyl N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvalinate" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:8024 xref: MESH:D020913 xref: PMID:12376396 is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-07T15:47:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000589 name: Moexipril def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is Moexipril, a non-sulfhydryl-containing precursor of the active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor Moexiprilat and a vasodilatory antihypertensive drug." [] is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-07T16:00:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000590 name: icatibant def: "A synthetic decapeptide that is a bradykinin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hereditary angioedema." [] is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-07T16:19:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000591 name: quinapril def: "A prodrug that is metabolized to quinaprilat (quinapril diacid), a competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)." [] is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-07T16:22:09Z [Term] id: XCO:0000592 name: cilazapril def: "A prodrug that is hydrolyzed to its main metabolite cilazaprilat, an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)." [] synonym: "Dynorm" EXACT [] synonym: "Inhibace" EXACT [] synonym: "Vascace" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000524 ! angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-20T15:23:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000593 name: puromycin aminonucleoside def: "The aminonucleoside portion of the antibiotic puromycin. NOTE: This molecule does not induce apoptosis and does not inhibit protein synthesis." [] synonym: "3'-Amino-3'-deoxy-N6,N6-dimethyladenosine" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000392 ! nucleoside/nucleotide created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-27T10:28:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000594 name: saralasin def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is saralasin, a partial angiotensin II receptor agonist and antihypertensive agent." [] synonym: "Sar-Arg-Val-Tyr-Val-His-Pro-Ala" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:135894 is_a: XCO:0000536 ! angiotensin II receptor antagonist is_a: XCO:0000863 ! antihypertensive agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-27T13:23:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000595 name: surgical manipulation of blood vessels is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-27T14:59:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000596 name: blood vessel coarctation def: "A surgical narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel." [] is_a: XCO:0000595 ! surgical manipulation of blood vessels created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-27T15:05:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000597 name: abdominal aorta coarctation def: "A surgical narrowing of the lumen of the abdominal aorta." [] synonym: "AAC" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000596 ! blood vessel coarctation created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-27T15:08:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000598 name: thoracic aorta coarctation def: "A surgical narrowing of the lumen of the thoracic aorta." [] synonym: "TAC" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000596 ! blood vessel coarctation created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-27T15:10:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000599 name: aldosterone def: "A pregnane-based steroidal hormone produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland, and acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney to cause the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, increased water retention, and increased blood pressure." [CHEBI:27584] synonym: "11beta,21-dihydroxy-3,20-dioxopregn-4-en-18-al" EXACT [] xref: MESH:D000450 xref: PMID:8770880 is_a: XCO:0000229 ! steroid hormone created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2018-12-27T15:39:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000600 name: 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) def: "A polychlorinated dibenzodioxine that has formula C12H4Cl4O2." [] xref: CHEBI:28119 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-01-21T12:54:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000601 name: gene transfer of the rat natriuretic peptide B gene using an adenovirus vector def: "A condition in which the rat natriuretic peptide B gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism." [] synonym: "gene transfer of adenovirus-NPPB" EXACT [] synonym: "gene transfer of the rat BNP gene using an adenovirus vector" EXACT [] synonym: "gene transfer of the rat Nppb gene using an adenovirus vector" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000529 ! gene transfer using adenovirus vector created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-01-22T13:43:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000602 name: rosiglitazone def: "A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist; reduces lipid availability, improves insulin action & glucoregulation" [https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/rosiglitazone "Drug Information Portal"] xref: CHEBI:50122 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist is_a: XCO:0000407 ! hypoglycemic agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-01-22T13:55:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000603 name: hesperetin def: "Hesperetin belongs to the flavanone class of flavonoids. Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges." [drugbank:DB01094] xref: CHEBI:28230 xref: MESH:C013015 is_a: XCO:0000470 ! flavonoid created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-01-22T14:38:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000604 name: Aprotinin def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is Aprotinin, also known as bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI), a proteinase inhibitor used as medication administered by injection to reduce bleeding during complex surgery, such as heart and liver surgery." [drugbank:DB06692] synonym: "C284H432N84O79S7" EXACT [] synonym: "Trasylol" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000748 ! protease inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-02-15T16:27:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000605 name: aflatoxin B1 def: "An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11." [CHEBI:2504] is_a: XCO:0000240 ! toxin created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-02-26T11:26:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000606 name: AMG-8718 def: "AMG-8718 is the inhibitor of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme (BACE1)." [PMID:25363711] is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-03-18T16:27:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000607 name: acetic acid def: "Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. Acetic acid is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent." [CHEBI:15366, Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary_26th_ed] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-03-19T17:06:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000608 name: Allyl isothiocyanate def: "An isothiocyanate with the formula CH2=CHCH2N=C=S. A colorless oil with boiling point 152degreeC, it is responsible for the pungent taste of mustard, horseradish, and wasabi." [CHEBI:73224] synonym: "MO" RELATED [] synonym: "mustard oil" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:73224 xref: pubchem.compound:5971 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000482 ! antimicrobial agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-03-27T15:27:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000609 name: 4-methyl-2-(piperidin-1-yl) quinoline def: "A potent and selective blocker of TRPC4 channels." [PMID:24388923] synonym: "ML-204" EXACT [] xref: pubchem.compound:230710 is_a: XCO:0000222 ! cation channel inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-03-27T15:43:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000610 name: morphine def: "A morphinane alkaloid that is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug. Morphine acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve pain but has a high potential for addiction, with tolerance and both physical and psychological dependence developing rapidly. Morphine is the most abundant opiate found in Papaver somniferum (the opium poppy)." [CHEBI:17303] xref: CHEBI:17303 xref: pubchem.compound:5288826 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-03-27T15:52:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000611 name: nifedipine def: "Nifedipine is a potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure." [MESH:D009543] xref: CHEBI:7565 xref: pubchem.compound:4485 is_a: XCO:0000269 ! calcium channel inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-04-22T16:41:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000612 name: Endothelin-1 def: "Endothelin-1 is a 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production." [PMID:7609754] xref: CHEBI:80240 xref: pubchem.compound:16212950 is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-08T14:50:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000613 name: Adenosine triphosphate def: "Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is an adenine nucleotide comprised of three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety, found in all living cells. Adenosine triphosphate is involved in energy production for metabolic processes and RNA synthesis. In addition, this substance acts as a neurotransmitter. In cancer studies, adenosine triphosphate is synthesized to examine its use to decrease weight loss and improve muscle strength." [https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ "NIH Thesaurus"] xref: CHEBI:15422 xref: pubchem.compound:5957 is_a: XCO:0000392 ! nucleoside/nucleotide created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-08T15:10:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000614 name: rolipram def: "A phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor with antidepressant properties." [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68020889 "MESH"] xref: CHEBI:104872 is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-22T13:50:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000615 name: embolism injection of middle cerebral artery def: "This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of a coagulated blood clot to the middle cerebral artery to induce an embolic stroke in an experimental subject." [] is_a: XCO:0000347 ! blood vessel occlusion created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-22T14:06:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000616 name: verapamil def: "Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent." [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?Db=mesh&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=%22Verapamil%22%5BMeSH+Terms%5D "MESH"] xref: CHEBI:9948 xref: pubchem.compound:2520 is_a: XCO:0000269 ! calcium channel inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-23T14:15:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000617 name: quinidine def: "Quinidine sulfate is an optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission." [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68011802 "MESH"] xref: CHEBI:28593 xref: MESH:68011802 xref: pubchem.compound:5953 is_a: XCO:0000618 ! sodium channel inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-23T14:24:09Z [Term] id: XCO:0000618 name: sodium channel inhibitor def: "A class of drugs that act by inhibition of sodium influx through cell membranes. Blockade of sodium channels slows the rate and amplitude of initial rapid depolarization, reduces cell excitability, and reduces conduction velocity." [drugbank.category:DBCAT000600] synonym: "Sodium Channel Blockers" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000222 ! cation channel inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-23T14:37:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000619 name: digoxin def: "A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin β-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small." [] xref: CHEBI:4551 xref: pubchem.compound:2724385 is_a: XCO:0000139 ! vasoactive chemical created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-23T14:45:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000620 name: vinblastine def: "Vinblastine is a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. Vinblastine binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the M phase of the cell cycle. This agent may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis." [https://ncit-stage.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C930&ns=ncit "NCI Thesaurus"] xref: CHEBI:1322 xref: pubchem.compound:13342 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-23T15:08:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000621 name: tritiated verapamil def: "Verapamil hydrochloride, tritiated on the N-methyl group. Verapamil acts as a calcium channel blocker" [] synonym: "[Nmethyl- 3H]verapamil hydrochloride" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000171 ! radioactively labeled chemical is_a: XCO:0000616 ! verapamil created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-23T15:20:09Z [Term] id: XCO:0000622 name: tritiated quinidine synonym: "p-3H]quinidine" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000171 ! radioactively labeled chemical is_a: XCO:0000617 ! quinidine created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-23T15:28:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000623 name: tritiated digoxin synonym: "Digoxin, [3H(G)]-" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000171 ! radioactively labeled chemical is_a: XCO:0000619 ! digoxin created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-05-23T15:34:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000624 name: thiobutabarbital def: "A short-acting barbiturate derivative invented in the 1950s. It has sedative, anticonvulsant and hypnotic effects, and is still used in veterinary medicine for induction in surgical anaesthesia." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiobutabarbital "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Brevinarcon" RELATED [] synonym: "Inactin" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic is_a: XCO:0000950 ! anticonvulsant created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-17T10:08:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000625 name: urethane def: "Antineoplastic agent that is also used as a veterinary anesthetic." [] xref: CHEBI:17967 xref: MESH:D014520 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-17T10:12:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000626 name: removal of maxillary molar crown def: "Surgical removal of a maxillary molar crown at the gingival line." [] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-17T10:22:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000627 name: spironolactone def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor isspironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic that competitively inhibits mineralocorticoid receptors in the distal convoluted tubule to promote sodium and water excretion and potassium retention. Spironolactone is indicated to treat a number of conditions including heart failure, edema, hyperaldosteronism, adrenal hyperplasia, hypertension, and nephrotic syndrome." [drugbank:DB00421] synonym: "DB00421" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:9241 is_a: XCO:0000122 ! diuretic is_a: XCO:0000838 ! mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-24T14:33:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000628 name: Atorvastatin def: "Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a member of the drug class known as statins. It is used for lowering cholesterol. Atorvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate-determining enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis via the mevalonate pathway. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. Atorvastatin acts primarily in the liver. Decreased hepatic cholesterol levels increases hepatic uptake of cholesterol and reduces plasma cholesterol levels." [] synonym: "Lipitor" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:39548 is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-24T15:29:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000629 name: carbenoxolone def: "An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity." [] xref: MESH:D002229 xref: pubchem.compound:636403 is_a: XCO:0000279 ! terpene created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-24T16:11:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000630 name: cholinergic antagonist def: "Agents that bind to cholinoceptors (muscarinic or nicotinic) and prevent the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) and other cholinergic agonists." [] is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-30T14:47:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000631 name: atropine def: "A naturally occurring belladonna alkaloid, is a racemic mixture of equal parts of d- and l-hyoscyamine, whose activity is due almost entirely to the levo isomer of the drug. Atropine is commonly classified as an anticholinergic or antiparasympathetic (parasympatholytic) drug. More precisely, however, it is termed an antimuscarinic agent since it antagonizes the muscarine-like actions of acetylcholine and other choline esters." [drugbank:DB00572] xref: CHEBI:16684 is_a: XCO:0000630 ! cholinergic antagonist created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-30T14:53:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000632 name: saxagliptin def: "A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S)-amino(3-hydroxyadamantan-1-yl)acetic acid with the amino group of (1S,3S,5S)-2-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carbonitrile. Used in its monohydrate form for the treatment of Type II diabetes. It belongs to the biological class EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor ." [CHEBI:71272] synonym: "3-hydroxyadamantylglycine-4,5-methanoprolinenitrile hydrate" EXACT [] synonym: "BMS 477118" EXACT [] synonym: "Onglyza" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:71272 xref: MESH:C502994 is_a: XCO:0000407 ! hypoglycemic agent is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-30T14:58:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000633 name: hydrocortisone def: "Cortisol is a steroid hormone, in the glucocorticoid class of hormones. When used as a medication, it is known as hydrocortisone. It is produced in many animals mainly by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex within the adrenal gland." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol "wikipedia"] synonym: "cortisol" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000229 ! steroid hormone created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-30T16:03:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000634 name: antidiuretic def: "An antidiuretic is a substance that helps to control fluid balance in an animal's body by reducing urination, opposing diuresis. Its effects are opposite that of a diuretic." [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-30T16:16:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000635 name: polyfructosan def: "A naturally occurring sugar polymer that acts as an energy storage molecule in plants. It is an inulin analogue and highly soluble in water ." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinistrin "Wikipedia"] synonym: "Inutest" EXACT [] synonym: "Polyfructosan-S" EXACT [] synonym: "Sinistrin" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000174 ! inulin created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-07-30T16:18:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000636 name: immunosuppressive agent def: "An agent that suppresses immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-cells or by inhibiting the activation of helper cells. In addition, an immunosuppressive agent is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to diminish the extent and/or voracity of an immune response." [CHEBI:35705] xref: CHEBI:35705 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-08-01T12:47:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000637 name: cyclosporine A def: "A cyclic nonribosomal peptide of eleven amino acids; an immunosuppressant drug widely used in post-allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system, and therefore the risk of organ rejection. Also causes reversible inhibition of immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0- and G1-phase of the cell cycle." [CHEBI:4031] synonym: "cyclosporine" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:4031 is_a: XCO:0000636 ! immunosuppressive agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-08-01T12:50:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000638 name: Capsazepine def: "A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist." [CHEBI:70773] xref: CHEBI:70773 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-08-01T12:59:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000639 name: V1-Cal def: "Peptides developed according to the calcineurin A-interacting site on the C-terminus of Trpv1 was were synthesized as 1 polypeptide with transactivator of transcription (TAT)47‐57 carrier in the following order: N‐terminus–TAT47‐57–spacer (Gly‐Gly)–cargo–C terminus." [PMID:27671317] is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-08-01T14:16:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000640 name: controlled in situ myocardial condition def: "Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of the myocardial system is altered." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13:9780781733908] is_a: XCO:0000166 ! controlled in situ organ condition created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-08-01T14:40:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000641 name: Myocardial reperfusion def: "Any experimental condition in which the flow of blood to the heart is restored after a period of blood vessel occlusion occurred naturally or experimentally." [] is_a: XCO:0000640 ! controlled in situ myocardial condition created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-08-01T14:50:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000642 name: monocrotaline def: "Monocrotaline is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment." [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68016686 "MESH"] synonym: "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68016686" RELATED [] synonym: "MCT" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:6980 xref: pubchem.compound:9415 is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-08-01T17:00:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000643 name: controlled exposure to a foster mother of a different strain within the same species. is_a: XCO:0000491 ! controlled exposure to an organism of the same species created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-10-03T15:41:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000644 name: anti-T cell receptor antibody def: "A monoclonal antibody that appears to be specific for a constant determinant of the rat alpha/beta heterodimeric T cell receptor." [] synonym: "R73" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000194 ! antibody created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-11-05T10:21:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000645 name: propofol def: "A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group." [] xref: CHEBI:44915 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-11-27T12:37:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000646 name: Azoxymethane def: "Azoxymethane (AOM), a gene mutation agent, may be used with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to create cancer models in laboratory animals which can be used to study mechanisms of cancer progression and chemoprevention." [] synonym: "ML-MFCD00126912" EXACT [] xref: CAS:25843-45-2 xref: pubchem.compound:329770827 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-12-04T15:04:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000647 name: darusentan def: "A selective endothelin ETA receptor antagonist. It is being evaluated as a treatment for congestive heart failure and hypertension." [drugbank:DB04883] is_a: XCO:0000730 ! endothelin receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2019-12-09T18:27:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000648 name: clodronic acid def: "An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases." [CHEBI:110423] synonym: "(dichloromethanediyl)bis(phosphonic acid)" EXACT [] synonym: "clodronate" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2019-12-10T17:07:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000649 name: trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline def: "An optically active form of 4-hydroxyproline having L-trans-configuration." [] xref: CHEBI:18095 is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2019-12-12T13:16:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000650 name: controlled cilazapril content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of cilazapril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Cilazapril is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed to its main metabolite cilazaprilat, an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)." [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000592 ! cilazapril created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2019-12-16T15:56:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000651 name: E4177 def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is E4177, an agent that blocks one or more angiotensin II receptors." [] synonym: "4'-((2-cyclopropyl-7-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "E-4177" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000536 ! angiotensin II receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2019-12-16T16:34:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000652 name: controlled E4177 content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of E4177 consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. E4177 is an agent that blocks one or more angiotensin II receptors." [] synonym: "controlled 4'-((2-cyclopropyl-7-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled E-4177 content drinking water" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000651 ! E4177 created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2019-12-16T16:39:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000653 name: ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that blocks the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [] is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2019-12-16T17:38:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000654 name: kynurenate def: "Kynurenate is a product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Kynurenate is an endogenous antagonist of the ionotropic glutamate receptors." [] is_a: XCO:0000653 ! ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2019-12-16T17:41:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000655 name: prion def: "An abnormal form of prion protein that in mammals includes pathogenic forms which arise sporadically, as a result of genetic mutation, or by transmission (as by ingestion of infected tissue) and which upon accumulation in the brain cause a prion disease (such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prion "merriam-webster"] synonym: "proteinacious infectious particle" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000236 ! pathogen created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2019-12-19T11:45:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000656 name: ganciclovir def: "An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a [(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy]methyl group at position 9. Ganciclovir is an antiviral drug used to treat or prevent AIDS-related cytomegalovirus infections" [] is_a: XCO:0000657 ! antiviral agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2020-01-28T10:22:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000657 name: antiviral agent def: "A substance that kills or slows the growth of a virus." [] is_a: XCO:0000482 ! antimicrobial agent created_by: sjwang creation_date: 2020-01-28T10:24:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000658 name: nisoldipine alt_id: MESH:D015737 def: "A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris." [CHEBI:7577] synonym: "rac-methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000269 ! calcium channel inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-01-28T16:25:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000659 name: controlled nisoldipine content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of nisoldipine consumed is maintained at a specified level." [] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000658 ! nisoldipine created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-01-28T16:42:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000660 name: controlled nisoldipine content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of nisoldipine in which the amount of nisoldipine consumed is maintained at a specified level." [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000658 ! nisoldipine created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-01-28T16:53:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000661 name: one-kidney, one-clip occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blood vessel blockage by the clipping of one renal artery and surgical removal of the contralateral kidney." [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/528757/tab1/] synonym: "1k1c" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000347 ! blood vessel occlusion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-01-31T09:44:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000662 name: two-kidney, one-clip occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blood vessel blockage by the clipping of one renal artery." [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/528757/tab1/] synonym: "2K1C" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000347 ! blood vessel occlusion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-01-31T09:55:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000663 name: two-kidney, two-clip occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blood vessel blockage by the dissection and clipping of both renal arteries." [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/528757/tab1/] synonym: "2K2C" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000347 ! blood vessel occlusion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-01-31T10:08:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000664 name: adrenergic receptor agonist def: "An agent that selectively binds to and activates adrenergic receptors." [CHEBI:37886] synonym: "adrenergic agonists" EXACT [] synonym: "adrenoceptor agonists" EXACT [] synonym: "adrenomimetic" EXACT [] synonym: "adrenomimetics" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-02-11T14:23:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000665 name: beta-adrenergic agonist alt_id: CHEBI:35522 def: "A substance that selectively binds to and activates beta-adrenergic receptors." [CHEBI:35522] synonym: "beta-adrenergic agonists" EXACT [] synonym: "beta-adrenergic receptor agonist" EXACT [] synonym: "beta-adrenergic receptor agonists" EXACT [] synonym: "beta-adrenoceptor agonists" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000664 ! adrenergic receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-02-11T14:28:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000666 name: bronchodilator agent def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance that causes an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes." [] synonym: "bronchodilator" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchodilator agents" EXACT [] synonym: "broncholytic agent" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-02-11T14:48:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000667 name: clenbuterol alt_id: CHEBI:174690 alt_id: MESH:D002976 def: "A beta-adrenergic receptor agonist that is 2,6-dichloroaniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group." [CHEBI:174690] synonym: "1-(4-amino-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000665 ! beta-adrenergic agonist is_a: XCO:0000666 ! bronchodilator agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-02-11T14:51:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000668 name: arterial catheter implantation and controlled hemorrhage def: "The insertion of a tubular, flexible surgical instrument into an artery to withdraw a substantial, yet controlled, amount of blood." [] synonym: "arterial catheter implantation and bleeding" EXACT [] synonym: "arterial catheter implantation and hemorrhaging" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000360 ! arterial catheter implantation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-02-11T16:01:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000669 name: diazoxide alt_id: CHEBI:4495 def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is diazoxide, a benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies." [CHEBI:4495] synonym: "Proglycem" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000618 ! sodium channel inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-05T14:07:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000670 name: Pair-fed diet def: "A technique in which the amount of food provided to a control group of animals is matched to that consumed by the experimental group, so as to determine the extent to which the effect of a treatment on body weight or body composition occurred independently of changes of energy intake." [PMID:20620991] is_a: XCO:0000461 ! restricted feeding created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-05T14:46:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000671 name: doxycycline alt_id: CHEBI:50845 def: "A tetracycline in which the 5beta-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group, while the 6alpha-hydroxy group is replaced by hydrogen. A semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic, it is used to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and treat non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis, exacerbations of bronchitis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and adult periodontitis." [CHEBI:50845] synonym: "Doryx" EXACT [] synonym: "Doxyhexal" EXACT [] synonym: "Doxylin" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000483 ! antibacterial agent is_a: XCO:0000672 ! tetracyclines created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-05T15:49:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000672 name: tetracyclines alt_id: CHEBI:26895 alt_id: MESH:D013754 def: "A subclass of polyketides having an octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide skeleton, substituted with many hydroxy and other groups." [CHEBI:26895] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-05T16:13:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000673 name: alpha-adrenergic agonist alt_id: CHEBI:35569 def: "An agent that selectively binds to and activates alpha-adrenergic receptors." [CHEBI:35569] synonym: "alpha-adrenergic agonists" EXACT [] synonym: "alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist" EXACT [] synonym: "alpha-adrenoceptor agonists" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000664 ! adrenergic receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-05T16:49:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000674 name: clonidine alt_id: CHEBI:46631 alt_id: MESH:D003000 def: "An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION" [MESH:D003000] synonym: "Catapres" EXACT [] synonym: "Kapvay" EXACT [] synonym: "Nexiclon" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000673 ! alpha-adrenergic agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-05T16:56:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000675 name: gene transfer using retrovirus vector def: "A condition in which gene transfer has been performed using a retrovirus as the carrier of the genetic material. A retrovirus is any of a family (Retroviridae) of single-stranded RNA viruses that produce reverse transcriptase by means of which DNA is produced using their RNA as a template and incorporated into the genome of infected cells." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/retrovirus] synonym: "retroviral gene transfer" EXACT [] synonym: "retrovirus transfer" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000528 ! gene transfer created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-06T11:39:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000676 name: gene transfer of the rat erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 gene using a retrovirus vector def: "A condition in which the rat erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 gene (Erbb2) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using a retrovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism." [PMID:1913683] synonym: "pJR-neu" RELATED [] synonym: "retroviral transfer of the rat Erbb2 gene" EXACT [] synonym: "transfer of recombinant retrovirus containing the rat Erbb2 gene" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000675 ! gene transfer using retrovirus vector created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-06T12:01:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000677 name: controlled enalapril content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of enalapril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Enalapril, a prodrug that is rapidly metabolized in the liver to enalaprilat, is a potent, competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enalapril "Wikipedia"] synonym: "controlled Enacard content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled Renitec content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled Vasotec content drinking water" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000542 ! enalapril created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-06T13:46:09Z [Term] id: XCO:0000678 name: gene transfer of the rat MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase gene using an adenovirus vector def: "A condition in which the rat MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism." [PMID:11592982, Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010] synonym: "adenoviral transfer of the rat Mertk gene" EXACT [] synonym: "Ad-Mertk" RELATED [] synonym: "transfer of recombinant adenovirus containing the rat Mertk gene" EXACT [] xref: PMID:11592982 xref: RGD:69283 is_a: XCO:0000529 ! gene transfer using adenovirus vector created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-03-13T14:57:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000679 name: fenofibrate alt_id: CHEBI:5001 alt_id: MESH:D011345 def: "A chlorobenzophenone that is (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methanone substituted by a [2-methyl-1-oxo-1-(propan-2-yloxy)propan-2-yl]oxy group at position 1 on the phenyl ring. Used as a lipid -lowering drug." [CHEBI:5001] is_a: XCO:0000511 ! ester is_a: XCO:0000680 ! antilipemic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-04-20T13:16:09Z [Term] id: XCO:0000680 name: antilipemic agent alt_id: CHEBI:35679 def: "A substance used to treat hyperlipidemia (an excess of lipids in the blood)." [CHEBI:35679] synonym: "antilipemic drug" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-04-20T13:26:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000681 name: Medica 16 def: "An α,ω-dicarboxylic acid that is hexadecanedioic acid carrying methyl groups at positions 3 and 14. It is a free fatty acid 1 (FFA1/GPR40) receptor agonist and an ATP citrate lyase inhibitor, and exhibits hypolipidemic and antidiabetogenic properties." [CHEBI:149582] synonym: "3,3,14,14-Tetramethylhexadecanedioic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "Medic-16" EXACT [] xref: CAS:87272-20-6 xref: CHEBI:149582 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000680 ! antilipemic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-04-24T12:47:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000682 name: Benfluorex def: "A benzoate ester that has formula C19H20F3NO2. Functionally, it is an anorectic and hypolipidemic agent." [CHEBI:93826, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benfluorex "Wikipedia"] synonym: "benzoic acid 2-[1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propan-2-ylamino]ethyl ester" EXACT [] synonym: "Mediator" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000511 ! ester is_a: XCO:0000680 ! antilipemic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-04-27T18:51:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000683 name: cholestyramine def: "A bile acid-binding anticholesteremic drug that helps decrease the risk for strokes and heart attacks." [https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-49/questran-light-oral/details "webmd"] synonym: "Cholestyramine resin" EXACT [] synonym: "Prevalite" EXACT [] synonym: "Questran" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000680 ! antilipemic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-04-30T12:29:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000684 name: nateglinide def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is nateglinide, an N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus." [CHEBI:31897] synonym: "N-[(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexyl)carbonyl]-D-phenylalanine" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:31897 is_a: XCO:0000407 ! hypoglycemic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-04-30T14:19:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000685 name: fat emulsion def: "A liquid composed of two immiscible substances, typically some form of fat and water. In parenteral nutrition, a fat emulsion may contain phospholipids, triglycerides and essential fatty acids." [https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-drug/def/fat-emulsion] synonym: "lipid emulsion" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-04-30T14:52:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000686 name: Intralipid 20 def: "A sterile, non‑pyrogenic fat emulsion intended as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for use in a pharmacy admixture program. It is made up of 20% Soybean Oil, 1.2% Egg Yolk, Phospholipids, 2.25% Glycerin, and Water for Injection. In addition, sodium hydroxide has been added to adjust the pH so that the final product pH is 6 to 8.9." [https://www.fresenius-kabi.com/en-ca/products/lipid-emulsions] synonym: "emulsion 68890-65-3" EXACT [] synonym: "Intralipid" EXACT [] synonym: "Intralipid 20%" EXACT [] synonym: "Intralipos" EXACT [] xref: PMID:12419950 is_a: XCO:0000685 ! fat emulsion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-04-30T15:09:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000687 name: cenicriviroc def: "An experimental drug candidate for the treatment of HIV infection and in combination with Tropifexor for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. It is an inhibitor of CCR2 and CCR5 receptors." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenicriviroc "Wikipedia"] synonym: "CVC" EXACT [] synonym: "TAK 652" EXACT [] synonym: "TBR 652" EXACT [] synonym: "TBR-652" EXACT [] synonym: "TBR652" EXACT [] xref: MESH:C506967 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist is_a: XCO:0000657 ! antiviral agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-01T16:51:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000688 name: myelin basic protein def: "Myelin basic protein is a hydrophobic insulator that can be synthesized by the oligodendrocyte and/or Schwann cell as part of the myelin sheath which is wrapped around the axon. Myelin basic protein may constitute as much as one-third of all protein in myelin." [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/myelin-basic-protein "ScienceDirect"] synonym: "Golli-MBP" EXACT [] synonym: "MBP" EXACT [] synonym: "MBP S" EXACT [] synonym: "Mbps" EXACT [] synonym: "myelin A1 protein" EXACT [] synonym: "myelin basic protein S" EXACT [] synonym: "myelin membrane encephalitogenic protein" EXACT [] xref: RGD:736262 is_a: XCO:0000260 ! peptide/protein antigen is_a: XCO:0000292 ! peripheral nerve myelin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-11T16:03:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000689 name: vitamin C def: "Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. Humans, unlike most animals, are unable to synthesize vitamin C endogenously, so it is an essential dietary component." [https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/ "NIH"] synonym: "L-ascorbic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "Sodium Ascorbate" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:21241 xref: MESH:D001205 is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant is_a: XCO:0000377 ! vitamin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-11T17:25:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000690 name: controlled vitamin content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of any vitamin is maintained at a specified level. Vitamins are organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body." [MESH:D014815] xref: CHEBI:33229 xref: MESH:D014815 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000377 ! vitamin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-11T17:39:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000691 name: controlled vitamin C content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of vitamin C is maintained at a specified level. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement." [https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/ "NIH"] synonym: "controlled ascorbate content diet" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled ascorbic acid content diet" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000689 ! vitamin C is_a: XCO:0000690 ! controlled vitamin content diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-11T17:49:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000692 name: carbachol def: "An ammonium salt that has formula C6H15N2O2. It is a slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors." [] synonym: "carbamylcholine" EXACT [] synonym: "carbastat" EXACT [] synonym: "carboptic" EXACT [] synonym: "Isopto Carbachol" EXACT [] synonym: "Miostat" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:3385 xref: MESH:D002217 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000693 ! cholinergic agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-12T16:35:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000693 name: cholinergic agonist def: "An agent that selectively binds to and activates cholinergic receptors." [CHEBI:38324] synonym: "acetylcholine receptor agonist" EXACT [] synonym: "cholinomimetic" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:38324 xref: MESH:D018679 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-12T16:44:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000694 name: enzyme activator def: "Any substance that combines with an enzyme to increase its catalytic activity. These molecules are often involved in the allosteric regulation of enzymes in the control of metabolism" [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_activator "Wikipedia", Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000214 ! activator created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-15T09:27:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000695 name: soluble guanylate cyclase activator def: "An effector that binds to and activates soluble guanylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.2). It increases the activity of the enzyme only when the heme iron is oxidized (Fe3+) or the heme group is missing." [CHEBI:76022, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/enzyme-activator "ScienceDirect"] synonym: "sGC activator" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:76022 is_a: XCO:0000694 ! enzyme activator created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-15T09:38:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000696 name: soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator def: "An allosteric enzyme activator that increases guanylate cyclase activity only when the heme iron is in its reduced state (Fe2+)." [CHEBI:76022, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/enzyme-activator "ScienceDirect"] synonym: "sGC stimulator" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:76022 is_a: XCO:0000694 ! enzyme activator created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-15T09:53:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000697 name: GSK2181236A def: "This chemical belongs to a novel group of small molecule compounds which increase the enzymatic activity of soluble guanylate cyclase." [PMID:22783192] synonym: "1-(6-{2-[({3-methyl-4 -[(trifluoromethyl)oxy]-4-biphenylyl}methyl)oxy] phenyl}-2-pyridinyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22783192 is_a: XCO:0000695 ! soluble guanylate cyclase activator created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-15T10:01:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000698 name: BAY60-4552 def: "This chemical belongs to a novel group of small molecule compounds which increase the enzymatic activity of soluble guanylate cyclase." [PMID:22783192] synonym: "Nelociguat" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22783192 is_a: XCO:0000696 ! soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-15T10:36:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000699 name: controlled GSK2181236A content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of GSK2181236A consumed is controlled." [PMID:22783192] synonym: "controlled 1-(6-{2-[({3-methyl-4 -[(trifluoromethyl)oxy]-4-biphenylyl}methyl)oxy] phenyl}-2-pyridinyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid content diet" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22783192 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000697 ! GSK2181236A created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-15T11:12:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000700 name: controlled BAY60-4552 content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of BAY60-4552 consumed is controlled." [PMID:22783192] synonym: "Nelociguat" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22783192 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000698 ! BAY60-4552 created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-15T11:16:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000702 name: thiazoles alt_id: MESH:D013844 def: "An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains a N atom and one S atom." [CHEBI:48901] xref: MESH:D013844 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-21T14:51:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000703 name: 2,4,5 trimethylthiazoline def: "A constituent of fox urine and feces that may be an innately aversive odor to rodents." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimethylthiazoline "Wikipedia"] synonym: "2,4,5-Trimethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole" EXACT [] synonym: "fox odor" EXACT [] synonym: "TMT" EXACT [] xref: MESH:C451263 is_a: XCO:0000702 ! thiazoles created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-21T15:14:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000704 name: carotid artery occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blockage of one or both of the common carotid arteries, or of a branch (internal or external) of the common carotid arteries." [Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "common carotid artery occlusion" NARROW [] synonym: "permanent carotid artery occlusion" NARROW [] synonym: "UCAO" NARROW [] synonym: "unilateral carotid artery occlusion" NARROW [] is_a: XCO:0000347 ! blood vessel occlusion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-21T15:46:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000705 name: organic radical def: "Neutral organic radicals are subvalent molecules, i.e., they have unpaired electrons, and, as such, they are typically highly reactive, transient species with short lifetimes that tend to dimerize, disproportionate, or react with oxygen." [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/organic-radical "ScienceDirect"] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-22T12:37:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000706 name: lithium phthalocyanine def: "Physicochemically lithium phthalocyanine is very stable; its response to pO2 does not change with conditions and environments (e.g., pH, temperature, redox conditions) likely to occur in viable biological systems. It is an organic radical compound that forms metallic-organic, paramagnetic crystallites that appear very useful for in vitro and in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry." [PMID:8390665] synonym: "LiPc" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000705 ! organic radical created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-22T12:53:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000707 name: carvedilol def: "Carvedilol is a beta-blocker that works by relaxing blood vessels and slowing heart rate to improve blood flow and decrease blood pressure. It is used to treat heart failure, high blood pressure, and heart attack patients." [https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a697042.html] synonym: "1-(9H-carbazol-4-yloxy)-3-{[2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propan-2-ol" EXACT [] synonym: "Coreg" EXACT [] synonym: "Coropres" EXACT [] synonym: "Dilatrend" EXACT [] synonym: "Eucardic" EXACT [] synonym: "Kredex" EXACT [] synonym: "Querto" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:3441 xref: MESH:D000077261 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000336 ! adrenergic antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-28T16:40:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000708 name: controlled carvedilol content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of carvedilol consumed is controlled." [PMID:17551266] synonym: "controlled Coreg content diet" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled Querto content diet" EXACT [] xref: PMID:17551266 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000707 ! carvedilol created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-05-28T16:52:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000709 name: cancer cells def: "A condition in which cells from one organism are used to cause cancer in another organism by injection of, or other means of transferring, live cells from the donor organism to the host organism. Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation, local cell invasion and metastasis." [DOID:162] synonym: "carcinoma cells" NARROW [] synonym: "malignant neoplasm cells" EXACT [] synonym: "malignant tumor cells" EXACT [] synonym: "primary cancer cells" NARROW [] synonym: "sarcoma cells" NARROW [] synonym: "tumor cells" BROAD [] is_a: XCO:0000258 ! disease-inducing agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-05T10:25:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000710 name: DHD/K12/TRb cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat colonic carcinoma cell line used to study biochemical correlates of metastasis." [ECACC:90062901] synonym: "DHD/K12 cells" EXACT [] synonym: "DHD K12/TRb cells" EXACT [] synonym: "DHD-K12 TRb cells" EXACT [] synonym: "TRb cells" EXACT [] xref: ECACC:90062901 xref: PMID:19850492 is_a: XCO:0000709 ! cancer cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-05T10:56:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000711 name: taurolidine def: "An antimicrobial that is also being studied as a treatment for cancer. It is derived from the endogenous amino acid taurine." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taurolidine "Wikipedia"] synonym: "tauroflex" EXACT [] synonym: "taurolin" EXACT [] synonym: "tauroline" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:135173 xref: MESH:C012566 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000483 ! antibacterial agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-05T11:10:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000712 name: vasopressin receptor agonist def: "Any drug which binds to vasopressin receptors and triggers a response." [CHEBI:59727] synonym: "antidiuretic hormone agonist" EXACT [] synonym: "arginine vasopressin receptor agonist" EXACT [] synonym: "argipressin receptor agonist" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:59727 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-05T13:31:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000713 name: desmopressin def: "A synthetic analogue of vasopressin in which 3-mercaptopropionic acid replaces the cysteine residue at position 1 and D-arginine replaces the residue at position 8. Its action is mediated by the vasopressin receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects." [CHEBI:4450, MESH:D003894] synonym: "1-Desamino-8-arginine Vasopressin" EXACT [] synonym: "Adiuretin" EXACT [] synonym: "dDAVP" EXACT [] synonym: "Deamino Arginine Vasopressin" EXACT [] synonym: "Desmogalen" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:4450 xref: MESH:D003894 is_a: XCO:0000228 ! peptide hormone is_a: XCO:0000712 ! vasopressin receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-05T13:42:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000714 name: SB-239063 def: "A member of the class of imidazoles carrying 4-hydroxycyclohexyl, 4-fluorophenyl and 2-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl substituents at positions 1, 4 and 5 respectively. It is a mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor." [CHEBI:90681] synonym: "EC 2.7.11.24 inhibitor" EXACT [] synonym: "trans-1-(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(2-methoxypyridimidin-4-yl)imidazole" EXACT [] synonym: "trans-4-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(2-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl]cyclohexan-1-ol" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:90681 xref: MESH:C406525 is_a: XCO:0000715 ! mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-08T14:10:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000715 name: mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which decreases or interferes with the activity of a mitogen-activated protein kinase." [Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] synonym: "EC 2.7.11.24 inhibitor" EXACT [] synonym: "MAPK inhibitor" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000970 ! protein kinase inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-08T14:19:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000716 name: controlled SB-239063 content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of SB-239063 consumed is controlled." [] synonym: "controlled EC 2.7.11.24 inhibitor content diet" BROAD [] xref: PMID:14561850 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000714 ! SB-239063 created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-08T14:38:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000717 name: MRI contrast agent def: "MRI contrast agents are an indispensable part of magnetic resonance imaging. Contrast agents are used to improve the visibility of internal body structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRI_contrast_agent "Wikipedia", https://radiopaedia.org/articles/mri-contrast-agents?lang=us] xref: CHEBI:37335 is_a: XCO:0000358 ! diagnostic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-08T14:55:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000718 name: gadolinium-based contrast agents def: "Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents (GBCA) are intravenous drugs used in diagnostic imaging procedures to enhance the quality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)." [https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/information-gadolinium-based-contrast-agents "FDA"] synonym: "GBCA" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000717 ! MRI contrast agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-08T15:03:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000719 name: gadopentetate dimeglumine def: "A gadolinium coordination entity that has formula C28H54GdN5O20." [CHEBI:31797] synonym: "gadolinium (bis{2-[(carboxylatomethyl)(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}amino)acetate--1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol (1:2)" EXACT [] synonym: "Gd-DTPA" EXACT [] synonym: "Magnevist" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:31797 is_a: XCO:0000718 ! gadolinium-based contrast agents created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-08T15:14:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000720 name: laser photocoagulation def: "A condition involving eye surgery using a laser to shrink or destroy abnormal structures in the retina, or to intentionally cause scarring." [https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007664.htm "MedlinePlus"] synonym: "laser coagulation" EXACT [] synonym: "laser eye surgery" EXACT [] synonym: "photocoagulation" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation is_a: XCO:0000804 ! laser therapy created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-08T17:19:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000721 name: eprosartan def: "A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure." [CHEBI:4814] synonym: "Eprozar" EXACT [] synonym: "Teveten" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:4814 is_a: XCO:0000536 ! angiotensin II receptor antagonist is_a: XCO:0000863 ! antihypertensive agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-11T17:41:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000722 name: solid food deprivation def: "Condition in which solid food is withheld for a specified period of time, while nourishment through liquids is provided." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:23955305] xref: PMID:23955305 is_a: XCO:0000461 ! restricted feeding created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-12T17:33:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000723 name: butanol def: "A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes." [CHEBI:28885] synonym: "1-butanol" EXACT [] synonym: "1-butyl alcohol" EXACT [] synonym: "butan-1-ol" EXACT [] synonym: "n-butanol" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:28885 is_a: XCO:0000324 ! primary alcohol created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-15T15:35:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000724 name: Carbon-14 butanol def: "A primary alcohol that is butanol in which one or several of the carbon (C12) atoms is replaced by radioactive Carbon-14." [CHEBI:28885, https://arcinova.com/services/isotope-labelling] synonym: "C-14 butanol" EXACT [] synonym: "C14 butanol" EXACT [] synonym: "radiocarbon butanol" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:28885 xref: https://arcinova.com/services/isotope-labelling is_a: XCO:0000171 ! radioactively labeled chemical is_a: XCO:0000723 ! butanol created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-15T16:30:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000725 name: cyclodextrin (CD)-clathrated hesperetin def: "Hesperetin is the aglycone of hesperidin - clathration by CD enhances hesperetin solubility." [PMID:19966469] xref: PMID:19966469 is_a: XCO:0000603 ! hesperetin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-23T14:43:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000726 name: hesperidin def: "A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage." [CHEBI:28775] synonym: "Hesperetin 7-O-Rutinoside" EXACT [] synonym: "Hesperidin 2S" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:28775 xref: MESH:D006569 xref: PMID:19966469 is_a: XCO:0000603 ! hesperetin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-23T14:57:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000727 name: splenectomy def: "Surgical removal of part or all of the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] synonym: "spleen removal" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-25T12:48:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000728 name: partial splenectomy def: "Surgical removal of a portion of the spleen, resulting in reduction but not elimination of the physiological functions of the spleen." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] synonym: "PS" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000727 ! splenectomy created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-06-25T12:58:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000729 name: enrasentan def: "Enrasentan is an orally active mixed endothelin A/B receptor antagonist with a 100-fold greater affinity for the endothelin A receptor." [https://drugs.ncats.io/drug/QG16H8A6ZH] synonym: "(1S,2R,3S)-3-(2-(2-HYDROXYETHOXY)-4-METHOXYPHENYL)-1-(3,4-(METHYLENEDIOXY)PHENYL)-5-PROPOXY-2-INDANCARBOXYLIC ACID" EXACT [] synonym: "SB-217242" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000730 ! endothelin receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-07-27T15:38:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000730 name: endothelin receptor antagonist def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that blocks one or more endothelin receptors." [XCO:0000536] synonym: "endothelin receptor blocker" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:51451 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-07-27T15:48:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000731 name: controlled enrasentan content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of enrasentan consumed is controlled." [RGD:36174026] synonym: "controlled SB-217242 content diet" EXACT [] xref: RGD:36174026 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000729 ! enrasentan created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-07-27T16:09:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000732 name: CC531 cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat colonic adenocarcinoma cell line used to study metastasis." [] synonym: "CC-531" EXACT [] xref: PMID:8225852 xref: RRID:CVCL_0206 is_a: XCO:0000709 ! cancer cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-08-18T16:56:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000733 name: sanguinarine def: "A benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from Sanguinaria canadensis and poppy Fumaria species, shown to exhibit anti-microbial, anti-tumoral, and anti-inflammatory activities." [CHEBI:17183, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/sanguinarine, PMID:21849887] synonym: "13-methyl-2H,10H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-i][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-c]phenanthridinium" EXACT [] synonym: "pseudochelerythrine" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:17183 xref: MESH:C005705 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000482 ! antimicrobial agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-04T16:56:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000734 name: chemerin-9 def: "A potent chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) agonist that corresponds to C-terminal of full length human Chemerin (RARRES2), amino acids 149 - 157. Activates Gi/o signaling pathways in vitro; inhibits cAMP production and promotes phospholipase C production, Ca2+ mobilization, and smooth muscle contraction." [https://www.rndsystems.com/products/chemerin-9-human_7116, PMID:29906243, RGD:1320450] synonym: "(149)YFPGQFAFS(157)" EXACT [] synonym: "YFPGQFAFS" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29906243 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000482 ! antimicrobial agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-04T17:26:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000735 name: paclitaxel def: "A tetracyclic diterpenoid which is a mitotic inhibitor used in cancer chemotherapy." [CHEBI:45863] synonym: "Taxol" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:45863 xref: MESH:D017239 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-08T14:14:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000736 name: diphtheria toxin def: "An ADP-ribosylating polypeptide produced by CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE that can cause a localized infection of mucous membranes or skin (diphtheria), myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic toxic effects." [DOID:11405, MESH:D004165] synonym: "DT" EXACT [] xref: DOID:11405 xref: MESH:D004165 is_a: XCO:0000240 ! toxin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-08T17:35:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000737 name: endotoxin def: "A component of bacterial cells, an endotoxin can be a part of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria (lipopolysacharride) or a part or the \"spore\" of gram-positive bacteria (delta endotoxin)." [https://www.horseshoecrab.org/med/endotoxin.html, PMID:11468393] is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-14T17:54:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000738 name: lipopolysaccharide def: "This most common type of endotoxin is found in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharide consists of the lipid A portion containing fatty acids and disaccharide phosphates, core polysaccharides, and the O-antigen (repetitive glycan polymer)." [https://www.horseshoecrab.org/med/endotoxin.html, PMID:8119492] synonym: "endotoxin" BROAD [] synonym: "LPS" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000737 ! endotoxin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-14T18:06:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000739 name: housing in trios def: "Subjects maintained in groups of three during specified time period." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000033 ! housing condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-15T14:52:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000740 name: housing with pathogen-infected subject def: "A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a pathogenic infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000033 ! housing condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-15T15:27:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000741 name: housing with bacterial pathogen-infected subject def: "A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a bacterial pathogenic infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000475 ! bacterial pathogen is_a: XCO:0000740 ! housing with pathogen-infected subject created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-15T15:31:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000742 name: housing with Haemophilus-infected subject def: "A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Haemophilus infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Haemophilus is a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000743 ! Haemophilus is_a: XCO:0000747 ! housing with Pasteurellaceae-infected subject created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-15T15:38:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000743 name: Haemophilus def: "A condition in which the primary influencing factor is a species of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemophilus, https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000475 ! bacterial pathogen created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-15T15:47:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000744 name: housing with Haemophilus H21-infected subject def: "A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Haemophilus H21 infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Haemophilus H21 is a strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000742 ! housing with Haemophilus-infected subject created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-15T16:42:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000745 name: housing with Haemophilus H35-infected subject def: "A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Haemophilus H35 infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Haemophilus H35 is a strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000742 ! housing with Haemophilus-infected subject created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-15T16:46:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000746 name: housing with Pasteurella pneumotropica-infected subject def: "A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Pasteurella pneumotropica infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Pasteurella pneumotropica is a strain of Pasteurella, a genus Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic." [https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pasteurella-infections, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000747 ! housing with Pasteurellaceae-infected subject created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-15T17:00:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000747 name: housing with Pasteurellaceae-infected subject def: "A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Pasteurellaceae infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Pasteurellaceae is a large family of Gram-negative bacteria including the genera Pasteurella and Haemophilus, some of which are pathogenic." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurellaceae, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000741 ! housing with bacterial pathogen-infected subject created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-15T17:15:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000748 name: protease inhibitor def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a protease, any of numerous enzymes that hydrolyze proteins." [ISBN-13:978-0877798071, ISBN-13:978-1416062578] synonym: "peptidase inhibitor" RELATED [] synonym: "proteinase inhibitor" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-22T15:03:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000749 name: phosphoramidon def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is phosphoramidon, a potent inhibitor of thermolysin and other metallo-endopeptidases, isolated from the cultures of Streptomyces tanashiensis." [CHEBI:45353, https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/r7385?lang=en®ion=US] xref: CHEBI:45353 xref: MESH:C008890 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000748 ! protease inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-22T15:31:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000750 name: diclofenac def: "A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt." [CHEBI:47381, MESH:D004008] xref: CHEBI:47381 xref: MESH:D004008 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic is_a: XCO:0000506 ! non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-25T10:32:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000751 name: unilateral carotid artery occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blockage of one of the common carotid arteries, or of a branch (internal or external) of the common carotid arteries." [ISBN-13:978-0323049375, PMID:29486300] synonym: "UCAO" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29486300 is_a: XCO:0000704 ! carotid artery occlusion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-25T13:30:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000752 name: right carotid artery occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blockage of the right common carotid artery, or a branch (internal or external) of the right common carotid artery." [ISBN-13:978-0323049375, PMID:29486300] is_a: XCO:0000751 ! unilateral carotid artery occlusion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-25T13:54:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000753 name: left carotid artery occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blockage of the left common carotid artery, or a branch (internal or external) of the left common carotid artery." [ISBN-13:978-0323049375, PMID:31482584] is_a: XCO:0000751 ! unilateral carotid artery occlusion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-25T14:00:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000754 name: bilateral carotid artery occlusion def: "A surgical manipulation causing blockage of both of the common carotid arteries, or left and right branches (internal or external) of the common carotid arteries." [ISBN-13:978-0323049375, PMID:32937001] synonym: "BCCAo" NARROW [] synonym: "bilateral common carotid artery occlusion" NARROW [] is_a: XCO:0000704 ! carotid artery occlusion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-25T14:09:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000755 name: dimethyl sulfoxide def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is dimethyl sulfoxide, a 2-carbon sulfoxide and highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation." [CHEBI:28262, MESH:D004121] synonym: "DMSO" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:28262 xref: MESH:D004121 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic is_a: XCO:0000505 ! anti-inflammatory agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-25T14:25:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000756 name: Kolliphor HS 15 def: "This non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier is a potential therapeutic agent because of its effectiveness for reversing multidrug resistance in vitro and its low toxicity in vivo." [https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/papers/1988130, PMID:1988130] synonym: "Macrogol (15)-hydroxystearate" EXACT [] synonym: "Polyethylene glycol (15)-hydroxystearate" EXACT [] synonym: "Polyoxyethylated 12-hydroxystearic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "Solutol" EXACT [] synonym: "Solutol HS 15" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:9194 is_a: XCO:0000511 ! ester is_a: XCO:0000757 ! surfactant relationship: has_component XCO:0000926 ! polyethylene glycol created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-25T14:43:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000757 name: surfactant def: "A substance which lowers the surface tension of the medium in which it is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and, accordingly, is positively adsorbed at the liquid/vapor and/or at other interfaces." [CHEBI:35195, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/surfactant] is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-09-25T15:01:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000758 name: retinoic acid def: "Condition in which the main influencing factor is retinoic acid, a retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). Retinoic acid is derived from retinol (vitamin A) and plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis." [CHEBI:26536, PMID:22439772] xref: CHEBI:26536 xref: PMID:22439772 is_a: XCO:0000468 ! vitamin A created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-05T16:57:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000760 name: 26 kDa Schistosoma mansoni antigen def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is a soluble Schistosoma mansoni protein expressed by the schistosomulum and target of cytotoxic IgE antibodies." [PMID:1719096, PMID:6698106] is_a: XCO:0000260 ! peptide/protein antigen created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-13T18:01:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000761 name: biologic def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a biologic (product of, or component of, a living organism) introduced externally or internally to a subject to effect a change in phenotype of the subject, usually in treatment of a medical condition." [https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/center-biologics-evaluation-and-research-cber/what-are-biologics-questions-and-answers, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "biological product" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-15T17:39:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000762 name: rat anti-Ab2 T cells def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against anti-26 kDa (antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni) IgE antibodies." [PMID:1719096, PMID:2494262] xref: PMID:1719096 xref: PMID:2494262 is_a: XCO:0000763 ! T cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-15T17:53:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000763 name: T cells def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of T cells (T lymphocytes). T cells are integral to the functioning of the immune system and are at the core of adaptive immunity, the system that tailors the body's immune response to specific pathogens" [CL:0000084, https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11300] is_a: XCO:0000761 ! biologic created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-15T18:06:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000764 name: rat anti-Ab2 T cell line def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against anti-26 kDa (antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni) IgE antibodies." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:1719096, PMID:2494262] xref: PMID:1719096 xref: PMID:2494262 is_a: XCO:0000762 ! rat anti-Ab2 T cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-16T15:00:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000765 name: rat anti-26 kDa T cells def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with the 26 kDa antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni ." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:1719096] is_a: XCO:0000763 ! T cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-16T16:53:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000766 name: rat anti-26 kDa T cell line def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with the 26 kDa antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:1719096] is_a: XCO:0000765 ! rat anti-26 kDa T cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-16T16:59:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000767 name: Schistosoma mansoni def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode parasite that lives in certain types of freshwater snails. The infectious form of the parasite, known as cercariae, emerge from the snail into the water. Humans can become infected when skin comes in contact with contaminated freshwater." [https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/schistosomiasis/index.html, PMID:1719096] is_a: XCO:0000363 ! eukaryotic pathogen created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-16T17:29:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000768 name: Schistosoma mansoni cercariae def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is the infective cercariae (larvae) of the trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni." [https://www.britannica.com/science/cercaria, PMID:1719096] is_a: XCO:0000767 ! Schistosoma mansoni created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-16T17:50:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000769 name: antiserum def: "Blood serum that contains antibodies against an infective agent (such as a bacteria or virus) or toxic substance (such as snake venom) and may be used to prevent or treat infection or poisoning." [https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/antiserum, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] is_a: XCO:0000761 ! biologic created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-19T13:58:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000770 name: rat anti-Ab2 antiserum def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against anti-26 kDa (antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni) IgE antibodies." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:1719096] xref: PMID:1719096 is_a: XCO:0000769 ! antiserum created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-19T14:05:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000771 name: rat anti-26 kDa antiserum def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats immunized with the 26 kDa antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:1719096] xref: PMID:1719096 is_a: XCO:0000769 ! antiserum created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-19T14:09:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000772 name: controlled cocoa butter content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of cocoa butter is maintained at a specified level. Cocoa butter is a pale vegetable fat with a low melting point obtained from cacao beans." [https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/cocoa-butter-benefits, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-19T15:39:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000773 name: controlled soybean oil content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of soybean oil is maintained at a specified level. Soybean oil is a pale yellow drying or semidrying oil that is obtained from soybeans and is used chiefly as a food, in paints, varnishes, linoleum, printing ink, and soap, and as a source of phospholipids, fatty acids, and sterols." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-196/soybean-oil] is_a: XCO:0000454 ! controlled oil content diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-19T17:46:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000774 name: oil def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is any of numerous unctuous combustible substances that are liquid or can be liquefied easily on warming, are soluble in ether but not in water, and leave a greasy stain on paper or cloth." [https://www.britannica.com/science/oil-chemical-compound, https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN:978-1-4684-6878-6] is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-19T18:03:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000775 name: soybean oil def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is soybean oil. Soybean oil is a pale yellow drying or semidrying oil that is obtained from soybeans and is used chiefly as a food, in paints, varnishes, linoleum, printing ink, and soap, and as a source of phospholipids, fatty acids, and sterols." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-196/soybean-oil] is_a: XCO:0000774 ! oil created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-19T18:21:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000776 name: fatty acid def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is any aliphatic monocarboxylic acid derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax." [CHEBI:35366, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] xref: CHEBI:35366 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-19T18:27:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000777 name: alpha-lipoic acid def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is alpha-lipoic acid, a heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position." [CHEBI:16494, MESH:D008063] synonym: "lipoic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "Thioctic Acid" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:16494 xref: MESH:D008063 xref: PMID:30208622 is_a: XCO:0000776 ! fatty acid created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-19T18:33:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000778 name: spiroplatin def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is spiroplatin, a metal drug and analog of the second generation for cisplatin, developed for the treatment of cancer. Spiroplatin induces DNA cross-linking, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and the synthesis of RNA and protein. Initial clinical trials of spiroplatin showed that it could cause less nausea and vomiting than cisplatin, but development was discontinued due to weak anti-tumor effects and toxicity at high dosages." [https://drugs.ncats.io/drug/H2V318W7LE, MESH:C040757] synonym: "aqua(1,1-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane)sulfatoplatinum (II)" EXACT [] synonym: "NSC-311056" EXACT [] synonym: "TNO-6" EXACT [] xref: MESH:C040757 is_a: XCO:0000399 ! complex ion is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-20T14:53:27Z [Term] id: XCO:0000779 name: rat IgM immunocytoma cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is rat IgM-secreting immunocytoma cells. The transplantable tumor cells are used in various studies including antibody secretion studies and antitumoral drug studies." [DOID:0050747, PMID:6683993] synonym: "rat IgM lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma cells" EXACT [] xref: PMID:6683993 is_a: XCO:0000709 ! cancer cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-22T13:12:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000780 name: liposomes def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is liposomes, artificial vesicles composed of one or more concentric phospholipid bilayers and used to deliver biologically relevant substances." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/liposome] xref: PMID:6744286 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-27T16:40:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000781 name: positively charged liposomes def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is positively charged liposomes, artificial positively charged vesicles composed of one or more concentric phospholipid bilayers and used to deliver biologically relevant substances." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/liposome, PMID:6744286] synonym: "lip+" EXACT [] xref: PMID:6744286 is_a: XCO:0000780 ! liposomes created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-27T16:48:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000782 name: negatively charged liposomes def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is negatively charged liposomes, artificial negatively charged vesicles composed of one or more concentric phospholipid bilayers and used to deliver biologically relevant substances." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, https:www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/liposome, PMID:6744286] synonym: "lip-" EXACT [] xref: PMID:6744286 is_a: XCO:0000780 ! liposomes created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-27T16:52:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000783 name: cytokine def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a cytokine, a small secreted protein that has a specific effect on the interactions and communications between cells. Cytokine is a general name for other signaling molecules, including lymphokines, monokines, and chemokines." [ISBN-13:978-1608316922, PMID:17426506] synonym: "chemokine" NARROW [] synonym: "lymphokine" NARROW [] synonym: "monokine" NARROW [] is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-30T13:38:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000784 name: interleukin-2 def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is interleukin-2, a cytokine made by a type of T lymphocyte. It increases the growth and activity of other T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, and affects the development of the immune system." [https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/interleukin-2, ISBN-13:978-1608316922] synonym: "IL-2" EXACT [] synonym: "IL2" EXACT [] synonym: "interleukin 2" EXACT [] xref: MESH:D007376 is_a: XCO:0000783 ! cytokine created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-30T13:52:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000785 name: PROb cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat cell line derived from a colonic adenocarcinoma induced by 1,2- dimethylhydrazine in BDIX rats." [PMID:6358055, PMID:9833767] xref: PMID:6358055 xref: PMID:9833767 is_a: XCO:0000709 ! cancer cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-30T14:41:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000786 name: PRObR1 cells def: "A rat cell line (PROb 5-FU-resistant subline) derived from colonic adenocarcinoma PROb cells. The R1 cell line was established from PROb cells by in vivo and in vitro adaptation to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an anticancer drug." [PMID:9399677, PMID:9833767] xref: PMID:9399677 xref: PMID:9833767 is_a: XCO:0000785 ! PROb cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-30T14:51:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000787 name: sodium butyrate def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is sodium butyrate, an organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of butyric acid (a short-chain fatty acid) by a sodium ion." [CHEBI:64103, MESH:D002087] synonym: "sodium butanoate" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:64103 xref: MESH:D002087 is_a: XCO:0000776 ! fatty acid created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-10-30T14:59:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000788 name: S4MH cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat rhabdomyosarcoma cell line used to study metastasis." [ISBN-13:978-0781733908, PMID:18028954] xref: PMID:18028954 is_a: XCO:0000709 ! cancer cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-11-12T16:13:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000789 name: methylcellulose def: "Methylcellulose is a methylester of cellulose and it is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative." [CHEBI:53448, MESH:D008747] synonym: "Citrucel" EXACT [] synonym: "MC" EXACT [] synonym: "methyl cellulose" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000511 ! ester created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-11-16T14:59:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000790 name: controlled sodium chloride content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of sodium chloride dissolved in a sufficient quantity of water." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "controlled NaCl content drinking water" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000164 ! controlled sodium content drinking water created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-11-19T14:53:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000791 name: standard condition def: "A condition defined by a mostly uniform set of parameters accepted as normal or average and used by general consent as a basis of comparison." [https://www.dictionary.com, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] is_obsolete: true created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-11-30T14:00:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000792 name: emodin def: "A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs." [CHEBI:42223] xref: CHEBI:42223 xref: MESH:D004642 xref: PMID:31983185 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-11-30T18:03:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000793 name: BTB14431 def: "This is an in-silico screening analog of emodin (XCO:0000792)." [PMID:31983185] synonym: "BTB 14431" EXACT [] xref: PMID:31983185 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-11-30T18:19:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000794 name: gene transfer of the lin-28 homolog B gene using an adenovirus vector def: "A condition in which the lin-28 homolog B gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism." [ISBN-13:978-0781733908, PMID:24279313] synonym: "Ad/Lin28B" RELATED [] synonym: "adenoviral transfer of the Lin28B gene" EXACT [] synonym: "gene transfer of the Lin28B gene using an adenovirus vector" EXACT [] synonym: "transfer of recombinant adenovirus containing the Lin28B gene" EXACT [] xref: PMID:27384999 is_a: XCO:0000529 ! gene transfer using adenovirus vector created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-12-01T17:05:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000795 name: controlled sodium chloride content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of sodium chloride consumed is controlled." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "controlled NaCl content diet" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000022 ! controlled sodium content diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2020-12-18T17:49:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000796 name: U46619 def: "A prostaglandin endoperoxide analogue (11,9 epoxymethano-prostaglandin H2) that is a selective agonist of prostaglandin H2 (PGH2)/thromboxane A2 (TxA2) (TP) receptor. It is a stable thromboxane A2 mimetic and a vasoconstrictor." [http://www.apexbt.com, https://www.sigmaaldrich.com] synonym: "9,11-Dideoxy-9α,11α-methanoepoxyprostaglandin F 2α" EXACT [] synonym: "U 46619" EXACT [] xref: CAS:56985-40-1 xref: PMID:22508433 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-01-04T16:46:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000797 name: Y-27632 def: "A monocarboxylic acid amide that is trans-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide in which one of the nitrogens of the aminocarbony group is substituted by a pyridine nucleus. It is a cell-permeable, reversible inhibitor of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) enzyme." [CHEBI:75393, https://www.sigmaaldrich.com] synonym: "Rho-associated protein kinase Inhibitor" EXACT [] synonym: "ROCK Inhibitor" EXACT [] synonym: "Y 27632" EXACT [] synonym: "Y27632" EXACT [] xref: CAS:146986-50-7 xref: MESH:C108830 xref: PMID:22508433 is_a: XCO:0000970 ! protein kinase inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-01-04T16:52:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000798 name: nociceptin def: "Generated from the gene PNOC, which produces a preproprotein, which in subsequently processed to form multiple protein products. Nociceptin a 17-amino acid neuropeptide that binds to the nociceptin receptor to induce increased pain sensitivity." [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5368] synonym: "NOP" EXACT [] synonym: "OFQ" EXACT [] synonym: "orphanin FQ" EXACT [] xref: PMID:17875345 is_a: XCO:0000228 ! peptide hormone created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-08T16:43:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000799 name: ether def: "A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, MESH:D004986] synonym: "(C2H5)2O" EXACT [] synonym: "C4H10O" EXACT [] synonym: "CH3CH2OCH2CH3" EXACT [] synonym: "Diethyl ether" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:25698 xref: D004986 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-08T16:54:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000800 name: iron oxide nanoparticles def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a particle with a size between 1 and 100 nanometers composed of iron oxide (Fe3O4). It contains both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions and is sometimes formulated as FeO ∙ Fe2O3. It exhibits permanent magnetism and is ferrimagnetic." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron(II\,III)_oxide, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Iron_II_III_oxide] synonym: "Fe3O4 nanoparticles" EXACT [] synonym: "Iron(II,III)oxide nanoparticles" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22661893 is_a: XCO:0000338 ! chemical nanoparticle created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-09T12:06:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000801 name: controlled gliadin content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of gliadin consumed is controlled. Gliadins are a group of proteins called alpha, beta, gamma and omega according to their relative electrophoretic mobility in gels. They are the major component of wheat gluten and made up of single-chain polypeptides with an average molecular weight of 25–100 kDa linked by intramolecular disulfide bonds." [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/gliadin] xref: PMID:19327106 is_a: XCO:0000030 ! controlled protein content diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-09T12:53:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000802 name: GSK1016790A def: "It is a tertiary carboxamide and cell-permeable, potent and selective agonist of the TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) channel." [CHEBI:140524] synonym: "C28H32Cl2N4O6S2" EXACT [] xref: CAS:942206-85-1 xref: PMID:29875065 xref: pubchem.compound:23630211 is_a: XCO:0000217 ! cation channel activator created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-09T15:22:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000803 name: subthreshold laser therapy def: "Subthreshold therapy is photocoagulation that does not produce clinical or histologic evidence of retinal damage. Therapeutic benefit is thought to be derived by inducing thermal stress on RPE cells. The goal of the subthreshold therapy is to maintain the temperature rise below the threshold of irreversible thermal damage. The main types are micropulse, selective retinal therapy (SRT), and continuous wave laser with EndPoint Management (algorithm/protocol)." [https://eyewiki.aao.org/Sub-threshold_Laser#\:~\:text=Selective%20Retinal%20Therapy%20%28SRT%29%20Selective%20Retinal%20Therapy%20is\,using%20laser%20pulse%20durations%20of%20microseconds%20or%20nanoseconds., PMID:27841848] xref: PMID:31402999 is_a: XCO:0000720 ! laser photocoagulation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-11T13:52:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000804 name: laser therapy def: "Any biomedical use of lasers for purposes designed to improve the state of the subject. Light from a laser is tuned to specific wavelengths and is a beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation usually in the ultraviolet, visible, or infrared regions of the spectrum." [https://www.healthline.com/health/laser-therapy, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] xref: MESH:D053685 xref: PMID:31402999 is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-11T14:10:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000805 name: nondamaging retinal laser therapy def: "Nondamaging retinal laser therapy (NRT) is a retinal treatment with a lack of tissue damage. Lack of tissue damage allows high-density treatment patterns to increase therapeutic response and periodic retreatments for chronic macular diseases. It is similar to SRT (selective RPE therapy), but using lower energy to avoid killing retinal pigmented epithelial cells." [PMID:27159441] synonym: "NRT" EXACT [] xref: PMID:31402999 is_a: XCO:0000803 ! subthreshold laser therapy created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-11T15:38:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000806 name: selective retinal therapy def: "Selective retinal therapy (SRT) is a subthreshold laser therapy used to treat retinal disorders while preventing severe damage to the retina. In SRT RPE (retinal pigment epithelium) cells are selectively damaged without affecting the photoreceptors or choroid by using laser pulse durations of microseconds or nanoseconds" [https://eyewiki.aao.org/Sub-threshold_Laser#\:~\:text=Selective%20Retinal%20Therapy%20%28SRT%29%20Selective%20Retinal%20Therapy%20is\,using%20laser%20pulse%20durations%20of%20microseconds%20or%20nanoseconds., PMID:27841848] synonym: "selective RPE therapy" EXACT [] synonym: "SRT" EXACT [] xref: PMID:31402999 is_a: XCO:0000803 ! subthreshold laser therapy created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-11T17:14:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000807 name: tetrahydrocurcumin def: "A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. It is is a major herbal antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent" [CHEBI:67263, PMID:22212488] synonym: "Sabiwhite" EXACT [] synonym: "tetrahydrodiferuloylmethane" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:67263 xref: PMID:22212488 is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant is_a: XCO:0000505 ! anti-inflammatory agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-16T16:28:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000808 name: DL-α-aminoadipate def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is DL-α-aminoadipate. This excitatory amino acid analogue is an intermediate in the principal biosynthetic pathway of lysine. It is a also an inhibitor of glutamine synthetase." [MESH:D015074] synonym: "AAA" EXACT [] synonym: "dl-αAA" EXACT [] synonym: "DL-α-AAA" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:37024 xref: MESH:D015074 xref: PMID:28615682 is_a: XCO:0000240 ! toxin is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-16T17:08:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000809 name: 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine, a methylpyridine that consists of 2-methylpyridine bearing an additional phenylethynyl group at position 6. It is a potent and highly selective non-competitive antagonist at the mGlu5 receptor subtype (IC50 = 36 nM) and a positive allosteric modulator at mGlu4 receptors. It functions as an excitatory amino acid antagonist and an anxiolytic agent." [CHEBI:64159, MESH:C121465] synonym: "2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine" EXACT [] synonym: "MPEP" EXACT [] xref: PMID:28615682 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-16T17:41:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000810 name: 2-Chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is 2-Chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine, a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 agonist." [PMID:28615682] synonym: "(R,S)-2-chloro- 5-hydroxyphenylglycine" EXACT [] synonym: "CHPG" EXACT [] xref: MESH:C107349 xref: PMID:28615682 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-16T18:30:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000811 name: A23187 def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is A23187, an ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes." [MESH:D000001] synonym: "A-23187" EXACT [] synonym: "calcimycin" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:3305 xref: MESH:D000001 xref: PMID:22508433 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-22T13:09:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000812 name: controlled hemorrhage def: "The drawing of blood (by venipuncture or artery puncture) for transfusion, apheresis, diagnostic testing, or experimental procedures." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13:978-0702033896] synonym: "phlebotomy" NARROW [] xref: PMID:17998886 is_a: XCO:0000595 ! surgical manipulation of blood vessels created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-02-23T15:25:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000813 name: total body irradiation def: "Total body irradiation (TBI) is a form of radiotherapy (typically X-rays or gamma rays) used primarily as part of the preparative regimen for hematopoietic stem cell (or bone marrow) transplantation." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_body_irradiation, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "TBI" EXACT [] xref: ISBN-13:978-0323240987 xref: PMID:30575429 is_a: XCO:0000043 ! X-ray exposure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-02T14:21:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000814 name: partial body irradiation def: "Partial body irradiation (PBI) is a form of radiotherapy used to target certain organs or to study the effects of sublethal doses of radiation." [PMID:22929471, PMID:27147332] synonym: "PBI" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22929471 xref: PMID:27147332 is_a: XCO:0000043 ! X-ray exposure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-02T14:31:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000815 name: leg-out partial body irradiation def: "This is a condition/model system that features partial body irradiation (PBI) delivering a high dose of radiation to most of the body, and a small fraction of that dose to one leg of the subject. It allows the study of multi-organ radiation injury while sparing the bone marrow from a lethal dose." [PMID:27682899, PMID:30575429] synonym: "leg-out PBI" EXACT [] xref: PMID:27682899 xref: PMID:30575429 is_a: XCO:0000814 ! partial body irradiation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-02T15:00:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000816 name: partial-body irradiation with 5% bone marrow sparing def: "Partial-body irradiation with 5% bone marrow sparing (tibiae, ankles, feet) is used to define acute radiation-induced GI-ARS, H-ARS, and acute kidney injury (AKI) as well as the delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE) characterized by prolonged GI, lung, and heart injury and chronic kidney injury (CKI). This condition/model system allows analysis of concomitant multi-organ sequelae." [PMID:22929471, PMID:30575429] synonym: "PBI/BM5" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22929471 xref: PMID:30575429 is_a: XCO:0000814 ! partial body irradiation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-02T15:35:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000817 name: whole thorax lung irradiation def: "Whole thorax lung irradiation is a type of partial body irradiation used to target the lungs. In experimental animals it is used to study the lung morbidities caused by radiation exposure." [PMID:30575429] synonym: "WTLI" EXACT [] xref: PMID:30575429 xref: PMID:33009295 is_a: XCO:0000814 ! partial body irradiation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-02T15:55:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000818 name: gene transfer using plasmid vector def: "A condition in which gene transfer has been performed using a plasmid as the carrier of the genetic material. A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's chromosomal DNA. Plasmids naturally exist in bacterial cells, and they also occur in some eukaryotes. Plasmids that are used experimentally as molecular tools are called vectors." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/plasmid-plasmids-28/] xref: PMID:21993171 is_a: XCO:0000528 ! gene transfer created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-04T18:11:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000819 name: gene transfer using plasmid vector pVAX2 def: "A condition in which gene transfer has been performed using the plasmid pVAX2 as the carrier of the genetic material. The pVAX2 plasmid is based on the pVAX1 plasmid, which was designed for use in the development of DNA vaccines." [https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/V26020#/V26020, PMID:19440225] xref: PMID:19440225 is_a: XCO:0000818 ! gene transfer using plasmid vector created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-04T18:29:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000820 name: gene transfer using empty plasmid vector pVAX2 def: "A control condition in which gene transfer has been performed using an empty plasmid pVAX2. The pVAX2 plasmid is based on the pVAX1 plasmid, which was designed for use in the development of DNA vaccines." [https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/V26020#/V26020, PMID:21993171] synonym: "gene transfer using only the backbone of plasmid vector pVAX2" EXACT [] xref: PMID:19440225 xref: PMID:21993171 is_a: XCO:0000819 ! gene transfer using plasmid vector pVAX2 created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-08T13:54:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000821 name: gene transfer of the rat GDNF gene using the plasmid vector pVAX2 def: "A condition in which the rat GDNF gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using the plasmid vector pVAX2 in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism." [https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/V26020#/V26020, PMID:21993171] xref: PMID:19440225 xref: PMID:21993171 is_a: XCO:0000819 ! gene transfer using plasmid vector pVAX2 created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-08T14:07:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000822 name: JTE-607 def: "JTE-607 is a pro-drug that is cleaved by carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) to its active metabolite, which then binds to cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 3 (CPSF3). JTE-607 reduces the production of proinflammatory cytokines in models of acute injury, septic shock and endotoxemia." [https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/sml2833?lang=en®ion=US, https://www.tocris.com/products/jte-607-dihydrochloride_5185?gclid=Cj0KCQiA1pyCBhCtARIsAHaY_5d7izfKf8E3Lgu7fCItYrJRNFR8iSoRV7HWnsqZOjNwTGeTa9Pcu-4aAthgEALw_wcB] synonym: "JTE 607" EXACT [] synonym: "JTE 607 dihydrochloride" EXACT [] xref: PMID:10493164 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000505 ! anti-inflammatory agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-09T12:06:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000823 name: peanut oil def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is peanut oil, a colorless to yellow fatty nondrying oil that is obtained from peanuts and is used chiefly as a salad oil, in margarine, in soap, and as a vehicle in pharmaceutical preparations and cosmetics." [https://www.merriam-webster.com] synonym: "arachis oil" EXACT [] synonym: "groundnut oil" EXACT [] xref: PMID:24388923 is_a: XCO:0000774 ! oil created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-03-25T15:05:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000824 name: pertussis toxin def: "Pertussis toxin (PT) is a protein-based AB5-type exotoxin produced by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which causes whooping cough. PT is one of the most complex bacterial toxins known, composed of six subunits with an A protomer responsible for biologic activities and a B pentamer directing binding and entry of the A subunit into the cytoplasm." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertussis_toxin, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/pertussis-toxin] synonym: "B. pertussis toxin" EXACT [] synonym: "Bordetella pertussis toxin" EXACT [] synonym: "PT" EXACT [] xref: PMID:1702803 is_a: XCO:0000240 ! toxin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-04-01T16:00:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000825 name: cyclophosphamide def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is cyclophosphamide (CP), an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the liver to form the active aldophosphamide. As chemotherapy it is used to treat lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, neuroblastoma, and sarcoma." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclophosphamide, MESH:D003520] synonym: "CP" EXACT [] synonym: "cytophosphane" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:4027 xref: MESH:D003520 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000636 ! immunosuppressive agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-04-01T16:35:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000826 name: rat anti-Hu-MBP T cell line def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with human myelin basic protein." [PMID:1702803] synonym: "rat anti-Hu-BP T cell line" EXACT [] xref: PMID:1702803 is_a: XCO:0000763 ! T cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-04-01T17:07:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000827 name: rat anti-Hu-S102-129 T cell line def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with synthetic human myelin basic protein peptide 102-129." [PMID:1702803] xref: PMID:1702803 is_a: XCO:0000763 ! T cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-04-01T17:27:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000828 name: human myelin basic protein def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is human myelin basic protein, a hydrophobic insulator that can be synthesized by the oligodendrocyte and/or Schwann cell as part of the myelin sheath which is wrapped around the axon. Human myelin basic protein is purified from human tissue or extracted from cultured cells containing cloned copies of the human myelin basic protein gene." [PMID:1702803] synonym: "Hu-BP" EXACT [] synonym: "human MBP" EXACT [] xref: PMID:1702803 is_a: XCO:0000688 ! myelin basic protein created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-04-01T17:46:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000829 name: corn oil def: "Corn oil is a refined fixed, that is, nonvolatile, oil obtained from from the germ of corn kernels. It has high polyunsaturated lipid content and is used as a delivery vehicle for lipophilic substances." [https://www.merriam-webster.com, ISBN-13:978-1608316922] synonym: "maize oil" EXACT [] xref: PMID:26514922 is_a: XCO:0000774 ! oil created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-04-08T17:10:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000830 name: artificial cerebrospinal fluid def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid. It is used experimentally for rat brain microdialysis experiments, the culture of hippocampal tissue slices, or irrigation treatment of brain trauma lesions to supply oxygen, maintain osmolarity, and to buffer pH at biological levels." [https://biochemazone.com/product/artificial-cerebrospinal-solution-bz178/, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_cerebrospinal_fluid] synonym: "aCSF" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebrospinal fluid simulation fluid" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22356885 is_a: XCO:0000154 ! ion/salt solution created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-04-23T17:15:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000831 name: 2% dimethyl sulfoxide in artificial cerebrospinal fluid def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a 2% solution (v/v) of dimethyl sulfoxide in artificial cerebrospinal fluid, a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid. Dimethyl sulfoxide is a 2-carbon sulfoxide and highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent." [CHEBI:28262, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_cerebrospinal_fluid, MESH:D004121] synonym: "2% DMSO in aCSF" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22356885 relationship: has_component XCO:0000755 ! dimethyl sulfoxide relationship: has_component XCO:0000830 ! artificial cerebrospinal fluid created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-04-23T17:27:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000832 name: lensotomy def: "Any process involving manual and instrumental techniques for incision of a lens in the eye of an organism to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_surgical_procedures, PMID:16631043] synonym: "intentional incision of an ocular lens" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-04-30T17:36:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000833 name: lacidipine def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is lacidipine, a lipophilic dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with a slow onset of action used to treat hypertension." [https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB09236, https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/sml0946?lang=en®ion=US&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=bing&utm_term=lacidipine&utm_campaign=Backlog%20Product-Focused%20Ads%20Phase%202%20(Bing%20ebizpfs)%20(new_c)&utm_content=sigma/sml0946] synonym: "Lacipil" EXACT [] synonym: "Motens" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:135737 xref: MESH:C060285 xref: PMID:10023637 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000269 ! calcium channel inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000511 ! ester created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-05-10T13:22:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000834 name: formaldehyde def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is formaldehyde, an aldehyde resulting from the formal oxidation of methanol. In solution, it has a wide range of uses: in the manufacture of resins and textiles, as a disinfectant, and as a laboratory fixative or preservative." [CHEBI:16842, MESH:D005557] synonym: "formalin" EXACT [] synonym: "Methanal" EXACT [] synonym: "Methylene oxide" EXACT [] synonym: "Oxomethane" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:16842 xref: PMID:21184763 is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-05-17T14:00:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000835 name: BT4C cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat malignant glioma cell line." [https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_5712, PMID:23079672] synonym: "BT4c" EXACT [] xref: CVCL_5712 xref: PMID:23079672 is_a: XCO:0000709 ! cancer cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-05-18T13:29:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000836 name: gene transfer of the HSV-tk gene using an adenovirus vector def: "A condition in which the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism." [PMID:23079672] synonym: "gene transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene using an adenovirus vector" EXACT [] synonym: "gene transfer of the Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene using an adenovirus vector" EXACT [] synonym: "gene transfer using AdHSV-tk" EXACT [] xref: PMID:23079672 is_a: XCO:0000529 ! gene transfer using adenovirus vector created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-05-18T13:40:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000837 name: gene transfer of the 15-LO-1 gene using an adenovirus vector def: "A condition in which the 15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism." [PMID:23079672] synonym: "gene transfer of the 15-Lipoxygenase-1 gene using an adenovirus vector" EXACT [] synonym: "gene transfer using Ad15-LO-1" EXACT [] xref: PMID:23079672 is_a: XCO:0000529 ! gene transfer using adenovirus vector created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-05-18T13:57:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000838 name: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that blocks the mineralocorticoid (primarily aldosterone) receptor (NR3C2), which regulates water and electrolyte metabolism." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldosterone, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/mineralocorticoids] synonym: "aldosterone receptor antagonist" EXACT [] synonym: "MR antagonist" EXACT [] xref: PMID:32088716 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-05-21T11:58:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000839 name: finerenone def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is finerenone, a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finerenone, https://www.medchemexpress.com/finerenone.html] synonym: "BAY 94-8862" EXACT [] synonym: "DB16165" EXACT [] synonym: "FIN" EXACT [] xref: PMID:32088716 is_a: XCO:0000838 ! mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-05-21T12:40:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000840 name: Eplerenone def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is Eplerenone, a steroidal antimineralocorticoid of the spirolactone group and a selective aldosterone receptor antagonist (SARA)." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eplerenone, https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00700] synonym: "DB00700" EXACT [] synonym: "epoxymexrenone" EXACT [] synonym: "Inspra" EXACT [] xref: PMID:32088716 is_a: XCO:0000838 ! mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-05-21T12:50:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000841 name: GSK-812 def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is GSK-812, a potent neuroprotectant that can induce GDNF in normal and diseased retina, and antagonizes multiple receptors, including D2 and D3 receptors, and 5-HT2A, 2C, and 5-HT6 receptors.." [http://www.probechem.com/products_GSK-812.aspx, PMID:28441076] synonym: "1H-3-Benzazepine, 7-[[4-[(4-chlorophenyl)Methoxy]phenyl]sulfonyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-8-Methoxy-3-Methyl-" EXACT [] synonym: "7-[4-[(4-chlorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]sulfonyl-8-methoxy-3-methyl-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine" EXACT [] synonym: "7-[[4-[(4-Chlorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]sulfonyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-8-methoxy-3-methyl-1H-3-benzazepine" EXACT [] synonym: "GSK812" EXACT [] xref: PMID:28441076 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-04T12:00:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000842 name: nicotinic antagonist def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a nicotinic antagonist, a type of anticholinergic drug that inhibits the action of acetylcholine (ACh) at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors." [CHEBI:48878, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinic_antagonist] synonym: "nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist" EXACT [] synonym: "nicotinic cholinergic antagonist" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:48878 xref: PMID:24400148 is_a: XCO:0000630 ! cholinergic antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-10T10:31:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000843 name: mecamylamine def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is mecamylamine, a ganglionic blocking agent that inhibits transmission between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system." [CHEBI:48878, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecamylamine, MESH:D008464] synonym: "C11H21N" EXACT [] synonym: "Inversine" EXACT [] synonym: "Vecamyl" EXACT [] xref: PMID:24400148 is_a: XCO:0000842 ! nicotinic antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-10T11:03:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000844 name: sodium phenobarbital def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is the sodium salt of phenobarbital (barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups). Sodium phenobarbital is an acvtivator of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR; Nr1i3)." [CHEBI:8070, PMID:29548889] synonym: "C12H11N2NaO3" EXACT [] synonym: "NaPB" EXACT [] synonym: "phenobarbital sodium" EXACT [] synonym: "phenobarbital sodium salt" EXACT [] synonym: "Sodium phenobarbitone" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29548889 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-24T15:00:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000845 name: pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile, a catatoxic steroid that acts as an agonist of the rodent pregnane X receptor (PXR; Nr1i2)." [CHEBI:35591, PMID:5793358] synonym: "3beta-hydroxy-20-oxopregn-5-ene-16alpha-carbonitrile" EXACT [] synonym: "C22H31NO2" EXACT [] synonym: "PCN" EXACT [] xref: MESH:D011285 xref: PMID:29548889 is_a: XCO:0000091 ! steroid is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-24T15:21:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000846 name: Hu-S102-129 def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a 28 amino acid polypeptide representing residues 102 to 129 in the human myelin basic protein molecule. Myelin basic protein is a hydrophobic insulator that can be synthesized by the oligodendrocyte and/or Schwann cell as part of the myelin sheath which is wrapped around the axon." [PMID:1702803] synonym: "PSQGKGRGLSLSRFSWGAEGQRPGFGYG" EXACT [] xref: PMID:1702803 is_a: XCO:0000828 ! human myelin basic protein created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-28T15:35:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000847 name: Hu-S110-129 def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a 20 amino acid polypeptide representing residues 110 to 129 in the human myelin basic protein molecule. Myelin basic protein is a hydrophobic insulator that can be synthesized by the oligodendrocyte and/or Schwann cell as part of the myelin sheath which is wrapped around the axon." [PMID:1702803] synonym: "LSLSRFSWGAEGQRPGFGYG" EXACT [] xref: PMID:1702803 is_a: XCO:0000828 ! human myelin basic protein created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-28T15:42:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000848 name: negatively charged liposome-entrapped doxorubicin def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is negatively charged liposomes containing doxorubicin, a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius and used as a chemotherapy medication." [PMID:6744286] synonym: "lip- DXR" EXACT [] xref: PMID:6744286 is_a: XCO:0000539 ! doxorubicin is_a: XCO:0000782 ! negatively charged liposomes created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-28T17:06:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000849 name: positively charged liposome-entrapped doxorubicin def: "An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is positively charged liposomes containing doxorubicin, a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius and used as a chemotherapy medication." [PMID:6744286] synonym: "lip+ DXR" EXACT [] xref: PMID:6744286 is_a: XCO:0000539 ! doxorubicin is_a: XCO:0000781 ! positively charged liposomes created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-28T17:14:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000850 name: therapeutic agent def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical, biologic, or organism that exerts some force or effect resulting in a favorable outcome or improvement in the symptoms of a disorder or disease." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13: 978-0683400076] synonym: "medicinal agent" EXACT [] synonym: "remedial agent" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29273085 is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-28T18:20:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000851 name: stem cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a stem cell, an unspecialized cell capable of perpetuating itself through cell division and having the potential to give rise to a variety of differentiated cells with specialized functions." [CL:0000034, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] xref: PMID:29273085 is_a: XCO:0000850 ! therapeutic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-28T18:41:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000852 name: human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells, which reside in the perivascular space of the periodontium, possess characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and are a promising tool for periodontal and other tissue type regeneration. The advantages of the use of dental stem cells include their easy isolation by noninvasive routine clinical procedures, their broad differentiation potential, minimal ethical concerns, and that they may enable autologous transplantation." [PMID:25861283, PMID:29273085] synonym: "hPDLSCs" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29273085 is_a: XCO:0000851 ! stem cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-29T11:11:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000853 name: rat serum from subject bearing a B48-14 IgE-producing hybridoma def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats bearing a subcutaneously injected B48-14 IgE-producing hybridoma. The serum is essentially antiserum containing B48-14 IgE, which are directed against a S. mansoni adult worm antigen." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:3108390] xref: PMID:3108390 is_a: XCO:0000769 ! antiserum created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-29T17:41:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000854 name: rat serum from subject bearing IR983F myeloma def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats bearing subcutaneously injected IR983F myeloma cells. The serum is essentially control for antiserum from rats bearing IgE-producing hybridomas." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:3108390] synonym: "rat serum from subject bearing IR 983 F myeloma" EXACT [] xref: PMID:3108390 is_a: XCO:0000769 ! antiserum created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-29T18:07:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000855 name: rat serum from subject bearing a non-specified IgE-producing hybridoma def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats bearing a subcutaneously injected non-specified IgE-producing hybridoma. The serum is essentially antiserum containing control IgE, which are directed against an unspecified antigen." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:3108390] xref: PMID:3108390 is_a: XCO:0000769 ! antiserum created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-29T18:12:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000856 name: resveratrol def: "A stilbenol that is stilbene in which the phenyl groups are substituted at positions 3, 5, and 4' by hydroxy groups. It is produced by various plants and has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, anti-mutagenic, and anti-carcinogenic properties." [MESH:D000077185] synonym: "3,4',5-Stilbenetriol" EXACT [] synonym: "3,4',5-Trihydroxystilbene" EXACT [] synonym: "5-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol" EXACT [] synonym: "RSV" EXACT [] synonym: "SRT501" EXACT [] xref: PMID:30621358 is_a: XCO:0000271 ! antioxidant is_a: XCO:0000505 ! anti-inflammatory agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-06-29T18:22:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000857 name: vildagliptin def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is vildagliptin, a pyrrolidine-carbonitrile derivative and potent inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) that is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus." [MESH:D000077597, PMID:23774700] synonym: "VG" EXACT [] xref: PMID:23774700 is_a: XCO:0000407 ! hypoglycemic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-02T13:08:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000858 name: rat anti-control-Ab2 T cells def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against non-specific IgE antibodies." [PMID:1719096] xref: PMID:1719096 xref: PMID:2494262 is_a: XCO:0000763 ! T cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-02T17:20:09Z [Term] id: XCO:0000859 name: rat anti-control-Ab2 T cell line def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against non-specific IgE antibodies." [PMID:1719096] xref: PMID:1719096 xref: PMID:2494262 is_a: XCO:0000858 ! rat anti-control-Ab2 T cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-02T17:23:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000860 name: anti-rh-VEGF165 monoclonal antibody def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a monoclonal antibody having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor 165." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:11316858] synonym: "anti-recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 monoclonal antibody" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15702434 is_a: XCO:0000194 ! antibody created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-06T14:53:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000861 name: control IgG monoclonal antibody def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is an isotype-matched (IgG) monoclonal antibody to provide a control for some target-specific monoclonal antibody." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:11316858] synonym: "isotype-matched control Ab" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15702434 is_a: XCO:0000194 ! antibody created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-06T15:18:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000862 name: bendroflumethiazide def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is bendroflumethiazide, a sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders." [CHEBI:3013, MESH:D001539] synonym: "Aprinox" EXACT [] synonym: "bendrofluazide" EXACT [] synonym: "BTZ" EXACT [] xref: PMID:18480177 is_a: XCO:0000863 ! antihypertensive agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-06T17:28:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000863 name: antihypertensive agent def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is any drug used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular hypertension regardless of pharmacological mechanism." [CHEBI:35674, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "antihypertensive drug" EXACT [] xref: PMID:18480177 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-06T17:35:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000864 name: hepatic portal vein occlusion def: "A condition involving surgical manipulation causing blockage of one or more branches of the hepatic portal vein, a vein that transports nutrients from the digestive tract to the liver." [ISBN-13:9780781733908, PMID:32156510] synonym: "hepatic portal vein ligation" RELATED [] synonym: "HPV occlusion" EXACT [] synonym: "liver portal vein occlusion" EXACT [] xref: PMID:32156510 is_a: XCO:0000347 ! blood vessel occlusion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-08T13:48:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000865 name: dehydroepiandrosterone def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is an androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a major C19 steroid produced by the adrenal cortex. It is also produced in small quantities in the testis and the ovary." [CHEBI:28689, MESH:D003687] synonym: "androstenolone" EXACT [] synonym: "DHEA" EXACT [] xref: PMID:9415976 is_a: XCO:0000229 ! steroid hormone created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-09T13:35:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000866 name: anal sphincter myotomy def: "Any process involving manual and instrumental techniques for incision of the internal anal sphincter muscle. The inner is controlled by the nervous system, while the external anal sphincter muscle is under voluntary control." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/myotomy, https://www.verywellhealth.com/sphincterotomy-overview-4584862] synonym: "lateral internal sphincterotomy" EXACT [] synonym: "sphincterotomy" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29391927 is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-09T16:04:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000867 name: incision repair def: "A process in which manual and instrumental techniques are used to close a wound or surgical incision with sutures, staples, glue, or some other closure material." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "incision closure" EXACT [] synonym: "incision stapling" NARROW [] synonym: "incision suturing" NARROW [] xref: PMID:29391927 is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-09T16:46:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000868 name: incision repair with conventional suture def: "A process in which manual and instrumental techniques are used to close a wound or surgical incision with sutures. Surgical sutures are specially made thread that comes in different sizes and different material." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "incision suturing" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29391927 is_a: XCO:0000867 ! incision repair created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-09T17:22:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000869 name: incision repair with biosuture def: "A process in which manual and instrumental techniques are used to close a wound or surgical incision with biosutures. Biosutures are surgical sutures upon which stem cells have been grown in vitro." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:29391927] synonym: "incision suturing with biosuture" EXACT [] xref: PMID:18690635 xref: PMID:29391927 is_a: XCO:0000867 ! incision repair created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-12T10:20:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000870 name: rat adipose-derived stem cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat stem cell, isolated from subcutaneous fat tissue and cultured in vitro. A stem cell is an unspecialized cell capable of perpetuating itself through cell division and having the potential to give rise to a variety of differentiated cells with specialized functions." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:29391927] synonym: "adipose-derived stem cells" BROAD [] xref: PMID:29391927 is_a: XCO:0000851 ! stem cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-12T12:42:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000871 name: 5-fluorouracil def: "A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. Following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, It inhibits DNA synthesis by blocking the thymidylate synthetase conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid." [CHEBI:46345, MESH:D005472] synonym: "5-Fluoracil" EXACT [] synonym: "5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione" EXACT [] synonym: "5-FU" EXACT [] synonym: "fluorouracil" EXACT [] xref: PMID:10431686 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000636 ! immunosuppressive agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-16T15:49:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000872 name: Thymosin alpha-1 def: "Thymosin alpha-1 is one member of a family of heat-stable, polypeptide hormones secreted by the thymus gland. Thymosins are immune response-modulating molecules." [MESH:D013947, PMID:33362999] synonym: "prothymosin alpha" RELATED [] synonym: "prothymosin, alpha" RELATED [] synonym: "PTMA" RELATED [] synonym: "thymalfasin" EXACT [] synonym: "TMSA" RELATED [] xref: PMID:10431686 is_a: XCO:0000228 ! peptide hormone is_a: XCO:0000483 ! antibacterial agent is_a: XCO:0000657 ! antiviral agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-16T16:55:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000873 name: DHD/K12/TRb - Sp-5 cells def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is the pulmonary metastatic subclone Sp-5 of a rat colonic carcinoma cell line (DHD/K12/TRb) used to study biochemical correlates of metastasis." [PMID:19850492, PMID:7818325] synonym: "DHD/K12 - Sp-5 cells" EXACT [] synonym: "DHD K12/TRb - Sp-5 cells" EXACT [] synonym: "DHD-K12 TRb - Sp-5 cells" EXACT [] synonym: "TRb - Sp-5 cells" EXACT [] xref: PMID:7818325 is_a: XCO:0000710 ! DHD/K12/TRb cells created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-19T17:18:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000874 name: controlled in situ lung condition def: "Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of one or both lungs is experimentally manipulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. without removal from the body." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "controlled in situ pulmonary condition" EXACT [] synonym: "Not4Curation" EXACT [] xref: PMID:7818325 is_a: XCO:0000166 ! controlled in situ organ condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-19T17:25:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000875 name: isolated lung perfusion def: "An experimental condition consisting of right or left thoracotomy with cannulation of pulmonary artery and vein, perfusion via artery, and collection of effluent from pulmonary vein to prevent systemic circulation of treatment or vehicle." [PMID:7818325, PMID:8347000] synonym: "isolated single lung perfusion" EXACT [] xref: PMID:7818325 is_a: XCO:0000874 ! controlled in situ lung condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-19T17:33:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000876 name: floxuridine def: "This is an antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection. When administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract." [CHEBI:60761, MESH:D005467] synonym: "2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine" EXACT [] synonym: "5FDU" EXACT [] synonym: "5-Fluorodeoxyuridine" EXACT [] synonym: "5-FUdR" EXACT [] synonym: "deoxyfluorouridine" EXACT [] synonym: "fluorodeoxyuridine" EXACT [] synonym: "FUDR" EXACT [] synonym: "PMID:7818325" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000390 ! antimetabolite is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000657 ! antiviral agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-19T18:12:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000877 name: Hespan buffer def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is Hespan buffer, 6% hetastarch in buffered solution. A buffer is a homogeneous mixture of molecules, atoms and/or ions, one or more of which have the capacity to cause the solution to resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, dispersed in a sufficient quantity of solvent." [https://www.fda.gov, PMID:10155362] synonym: "HB" EXACT [] xref: PMID:7818325 is_a: XCO:0000315 ! buffer solution created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-19T18:38:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000878 name: Hespan buffer perfusate def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is Hespan buffer (6% hetastarch in buffered solution) injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel." [https://www.fda.gov, PMID:10155362] synonym: "HB perfusate" EXACT [] xref: PMID:7818325 is_a: XCO:0000115 ! perfusate is_a: XCO:0000877 ! Hespan buffer created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-20T13:59:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000879 name: triamcinolone acetonide def: "A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. It is an anti-inflammatory agent used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders." [CHEBI:71418, MESH:D014222] synonym: "Azmacort" EXACT [] synonym: "Cinonide" EXACT [] synonym: "Kenalog 40" EXACT [] synonym: "Tricort-40" EXACT [] xref: PMID:27856527 is_a: XCO:0000505 ! anti-inflammatory agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-20T14:16:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000880 name: mifepristone def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is mifepristone, a progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary Cushing Syndrome." [MESH:D015735] synonym: "Mifegyne" EXACT [] synonym: "Mifeprex" EXACT [] synonym: "RU 38486" EXACT [] synonym: "RU38486" EXACT [] synonym: "RU-486" EXACT [] synonym: "RU486" EXACT [] synonym: "ZK98296" EXACT [] xref: PMID:27856527 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-20T14:26:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000881 name: 4[N-methyl-14C] iodoantipyrine def: "This is 4-Iodoantipyrine, labeled with C-14 on the N-methyl group. Iodoantipyrine readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, and has been used to measure total and regional cerebral blood flow in vivo." [https://www.perkinelmer.com/product/iodoantipyrine-4-n-methyl-14c-nec712050uc#] synonym: "4-iodo-5-methyl-1-(114C)methyl-2-phenylpyrazol-3-one" EXACT [] synonym: "4-Iodoantipyrene-N-methyl-14C" EXACT [] synonym: "C11H11IN2O" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29498562 xref: pubchem.compound:101126542 is_a: XCO:0000171 ! radioactively labeled chemical created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-07-29T17:59:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000882 name: sleeve gastrectomy def: "This procedure involves removal of about 80% of the stomach, leaving a tube-shaped stomach about the size and shape of a banana. The procedure is typically performed as a surgical intervention for weight control." [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/sleeve-gastrectomy/about/pac-20385183, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "vertical sleeve gastrectomy" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29168078 is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-02T15:06:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000883 name: pantoprazole def: "This is a substituted benzimidazole and proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux and peptic ulcer." [CHEBI:7915, MESH:D000077402] synonym: "5-(difluoromethoxy)-2-{[(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole" EXACT [] synonym: "BY-1023" EXACT [] synonym: "Protonix" EXACT [] synonym: "SKF-96022" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29168078 is_a: XCO:0000577 ! proton pump inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-02T15:19:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000884 name: trypan blue def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is trypan blue, an azo dye used as a vital stain to selectively colour dead tissues or cells blue." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trypan_blue, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/trypan-blue] synonym: "tetrasodium 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate)" EXACT [] xref: PMID:3347907 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000512 ! teratogen created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-02T16:18:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000885 name: diabetes-inducing chemical def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is substance that is toxic to the pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in rodents and other animals and can therefore be used for modeling diabetes mellitus through destruction of the beta cells." [CHEBI:9288, ISBN-13:9780781733908] xref: PMID:12401717 is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-09T17:47:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000886 name: epilepsy-inducing chemical def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is substance that causes seizures in experimental animals, initiated by the injection of a drug." [DOID:9007090, PMID:31039378] synonym: "seizure-inducing chemical" EXACT [] xref: PMID:31039378 is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-09T18:13:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000887 name: pentetrazol def: "This a pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonist. Pentetrazol has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility." [MESH:D010433] synonym: "1,5-pentamethylenetetrazole" EXACT [] synonym: "pentamethylenetetrazole" EXACT [] synonym: "pentylenetetrazole" EXACT [] synonym: "PTZ" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:34910 xref: PMID:31039378 is_a: XCO:0000886 ! epilepsy-inducing chemical created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-10T12:49:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000888 name: pilocarpine def: "Pilocarpine is a miotic alkaloid obtained from jaborandi that is used chiefly in the form of its hydrochloride or nitrate especially in the treatment of glaucoma. It is a cholinergic (muscarinic) agonist and used to cause seizures in animal models of epilepsy." [https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a608039.html, https://www.merriam-webster.com/, MESH:D010862] xref: CHEBI:39462 xref: PMID:31039378 is_a: XCO:0000693 ! cholinergic agonist is_a: XCO:0000886 ! epilepsy-inducing chemical created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-10T13:18:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000889 name: ionomycin def: "Ionomycin is a very long-chain fatty acid that is a calcium ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus. It is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes." [CHEBI:63954, MESH:D015759] synonym: "C41H72O9" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:63954 xref: MESH:D015759 xref: PMID:32300198 is_a: XCO:0000776 ! fatty acid is_a: XCO:0000890 ! ionophore created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-10T13:36:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000890 name: ionophore def: "A compound that facilitates transmission of an ion across a lipid barrier (as in a cell membrane) by combining with the ion or by increasing the permeability of the barrier to it." [CHEBI:24869, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "ion carrier" EXACT [] xref: PMID:32300198 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-10T13:40:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000891 name: phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate def: "Phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate is a phorbol ester found in croton oil with very effective tumor promoting activity. It is a protein kinase C agonist and stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA." [MESH:D013755] synonym: "12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol 13-Acetate" EXACT [] synonym: "phorbol myristate acetate" EXACT [] synonym: "PMA" EXACT [] synonym: "tetradecanoylphorbol acetate" EXACT [] synonym: "TPA" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:37537 is_a: XCO:0000694 ! enzyme activator is_a: XCO:0000892 ! tumor promoter created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-10T13:54:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000892 name: tumor promoter def: "Tumor promoters are substances that enhance tumorigenicity when administered after a carcinogen. In general, tumor promoters do not possess tumorigenic activity themselves." [https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/tumor-promotion, PMID:10417370] xref: PMID:32300198 is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-10T15:45:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000893 name: controlled ramipril content drinking water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of ramipril in which the amount of ramipril consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:20864942] synonym: "controlled Altace content drinking water" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:8774 xref: PMID:20864942 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000548 ! ramipril created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-26T11:53:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000894 name: controlled hesperidin content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of hesperidin, a disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage, is controlled." [CHEBI:28775] synonym: "controlled Hesperetin 7-O-Rutinoside content diet" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled Hesperidin 2S content diet" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:28775 xref: MESH:D006569 xref: PMID:19966469 is_a: XCO:0000726 ! hesperidin is_a: XCO:0000896 ! controlled hesperetin content diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-27T15:37:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000895 name: controlled cyclodextrin (CD)-clathrated hesperetin content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of cyclodextrin (CD)-clathrated hesperetin is controlled. CD-clathrated hesperetin is the aglycone of hesperidin. Clathration by CD enhances hesperetin solubility." [PMID:19966469] xref: CHEBI:28230 xref: MESH:C013015 xref: PMID:19966469 is_a: XCO:0000725 ! cyclodextrin (CD)-clathrated hesperetin is_a: XCO:0000896 ! controlled hesperetin content diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-27T15:46:09Z [Term] id: XCO:0000896 name: controlled hesperetin content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of hesperetin is controlled. Hesperetin belongs to the flavanone class of flavonoids. Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges." [drugbank:DB01094] xref: CHEBI:28230 xref: MESH:C013015 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000603 ! hesperetin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-08-27T15:51:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000897 name: capsaicin def: "This is an alkylamide found in some peppers that acts as an agonist at TRPV1 cation channels." [MESH:D002211] synonym: "(6E)-N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-8-methylnon-6-enamide" EXACT [] synonym: "8-Methyl-N-Vanillyl-6-Nonenamide" EXACT [] synonym: "Axsain" EXACT [] synonym: "Capsaicine" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:3374 xref: PMID:27335281 is_a: XCO:0000217 ! cation channel activator created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-09-16T12:42:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000898 name: minoxidil def: "This a pyrimidine N-oxide that is a potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in blood pressure." [CHEBI:6942, MESH:D008914] synonym: "2,4-Pyrimidinediamine, 6-(1-piperidinyl)-, 3-oxide" EXACT [] synonym: "6-(piperidin-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide" EXACT [] synonym: "Rogaine" EXACT [] synonym: "U 10858" EXACT [] xref: PMID:27335281 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-09-16T13:23:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000899 name: hydrochlorothiazide def: "This is a thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism." [MESH:D006852] synonym: "Dichlothiazide" EXACT [] synonym: "Dihydrochlorothiazide" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:5778 xref: PMID:3611778 is_a: XCO:0000122 ! diuretic created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-07T13:42:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000900 name: controlled hydrochlorothiazide content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of hydrochlorothiazide in which the amount of hydrochlorothiazide consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "controlled dichlothiazide content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled dihydrochlorothiazide content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled Microzide content drinking water" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:5778 xref: PMID:3611778 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000899 ! hydrochlorothiazide created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-07T14:29:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000901 name: controlled delapril content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of delapril in which the amount of delapril consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/] xref: CHEBI:135735 xref: PMID:8505110 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000540 ! delapril created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-07T15:05:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000902 name: controlled candesartan content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of candesartan in which the amount of candesartan consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/] xref: CHEBI:3348 xref: MESH:C081643 xref: PMID:8505110 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000438 ! candesartan created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-07T15:17:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000903 name: 99mTc-mebrofenin def: "Technetium (99mTc) mebrofenin is a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical used for imaging of the liver and the gallbladder." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technetium_(99mTc)_mebrofenin] synonym: "99mTc-N-(3-bromo-2,4,6-trimethylphenylcarbamoilmethyl 1-iminodiacetic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "Choletec" EXACT [] synonym: "Technetium mebrofenin" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:135608 xref: PMID:30208622 is_a: XCO:0000171 ! radioactively labeled chemical created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-07T18:18:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000904 name: controlled resveratrol content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of resveratrol in which the amount of resveratrol consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:30621358] synonym: "controlled 3,4',5-Stilbenetriol content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled RSV content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled SRT501 content drinking water" EXACT [] xref: MESH:D000077185 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000856 ! resveratrol created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-08T18:16:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000905 name: castor oil def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is castor oil, a mixture of triglycerides obtained by pressing the seeds of the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis It is used as a cathartic and as a plasticizer." [CHEBI:140618, MESH:D002368] synonym: "oil of Palma Christi" EXACT [] synonym: "Ricinus communis oil" EXACT [] synonym: "Ricinus oil" EXACT [] synonym: "tangantangan oil" EXACT [] xref: PMID:10023637 is_a: XCO:0000774 ! oil created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-12T18:50:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000906 name: ovalbumin def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is ovalbumin, the main protein found in egg white. Ovalbumin displays sequence and three-dimensional homology to the serpin superfamily, but unlike most serpins it is not a serine protease inhibitor." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovalbumin, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "OVA" EXACT [] xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovalbumin is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-14T16:18:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000907 name: liraglutide def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is liraglutide, a lipopeptide that is an analogue of human GLP-1 and an agonist of the GLP-1 receptor. Liraglutide is used as a hypoglycemic agent and supplemental therapy in the treatment of diabetes mellitus." [CHEBI:71193, MESH:D000069450] synonym: "NN-2211" EXACT [] synonym: "Saxenda" EXACT [] synonym: "Victoza" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29976929 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist is_a: XCO:0000407 ! hypoglycemic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-15T10:42:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000908 name: potassium aluminium sulfate def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is a metal sulfate composed of potassium, aluminium and sulfate ions in the ratio 1:1:2." [CHEBI:86463] synonym: "AlK(SO4)2" EXACT [] synonym: "alum" EXACT [] synonym: "aluminium potassium sulfate" EXACT [] synonym: "aluminum sulfate" EXACT [] synonym: "potassium alum" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:26218 xref: MESH:C041524 is_a: XCO:0000909 ! potassium salt created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-21T15:54:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000909 name: potassium salt def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is any alkali metal salt having potassium(1+) as the cation." [CHEBI:26218] synonym: "Kaliumsalz" EXACT [] synonym: "potassium salts" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:26218 is_a: XCO:0000150 ! potassium ion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-21T16:00:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000910 name: controlled dehydroepiandrosterone content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of dehydroepiandrosterone consumed is controlled." [PMID:9415976] synonym: "controlled androstenolone content diet" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled DHEA content diet" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:28689 xref: MESH:D003687 xref: PMID:9415976 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000865 ! dehydroepiandrosterone created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-25T15:20:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000911 name: sodium bicarbonate def: "A condition in which the main influencing factor is sodium bicarbonate, a white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions." [MESH:D017693] synonym: "baking soda" EXACT [] synonym: "bicarbonate of soda" EXACT [] synonym: "sodium hydrogen carbonate" EXACT [] synonym: "sodium hydrogencarbonate" EXACT [] xref: PMID:29168078 is_a: XCO:0000253 ! sodium ion created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-25T17:24:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000912 name: controlled exposure to red light def: "Condition in which the environmental level and/or time of exposure to red light (wavelength range of 630–740 nm) is controlled." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red] xref: PMID:28341233 is_a: XCO:0000284 ! controlled visible light exposure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-26T18:33:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000913 name: ethosuximide def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is ethosuximide, a dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. Ethosuximide is an antiepileptic used in the treatment of absence seizures and potentially myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures." [CHEBI:4887] synonym: "3-ethyl-3-methylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione" EXACT [] synonym: "Zarontin" EXACT [] xref: MESH:D005013 xref: PMID:30408474 is_a: XCO:0000269 ! calcium channel inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-29T11:04:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000914 name: cafeteria diet def: "A dietary regimen in which access to food is unlimited and consists of energy-dense, highly palatable food. The diet is technically undefined as to ratio of components, but recapitulates the orosensory properties (such as smell and texture) and palatability of foodstuffs that promote overconsumption (voluntary hyperphagia). It has been proven to not only increase body weight and induce obesity, but to also cause metabolic syndrome, severe diabetic symptoms, liver inflammation, and other metabolic dysregulations." [PMID:33309818] synonym: "junk food diet" EXACT [] synonym: "supermarket diet" EXACT [] synonym: "Western diet" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000019 ! solid diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-10-29T14:53:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000915 name: controlled ethanol content drinking water used as vehicle def: "Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of ethanol, serving as a control condition for some chemical delivered in ethanol and drinking water." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/] xref: PMID30621358 is_a: XCO:0000023 ! controlled ethanol content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000325 ! ethanol created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-11-01T12:46:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000916 name: gelled diet def: "This is a regimen of semisolid food in which the amount of solid elements and water in the diet are controlled. The diet resembles jelly in consistency and is about 62.5% H2O, 37.5% synthetic food (Ziegler Bros., formula 53140000),0.3% NaCl, and 0.3% agar wt/wt." [PMID:12684228] synonym: "gel-agar diet" RELATED [] synonym: "gel diet" EXACT [] synonym: "semisolid diet" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-11-30T17:49:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000917 name: distilled water def: "The clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), purified by successive evaporation and condensation. It is experimentally provided for hydration or as a vehicle control for some dissolved substance." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "clarified water" RELATED [] synonym: "distilled H2O" EXACT [] synonym: "purified water" RELATED [] xref: PMID:12684228 is_a: XCO:0000021 ! water created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-11-30T18:14:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000918 name: ambient air def: "A condition in which the major influencing factor is atmospheric air in its natural state. The composition of ambient air varies depending on the elevation above sea level, but is typically 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen." [https://www.thermofisher.com] synonym: "atmospheric air" EXACT [] synonym: "room air" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000099 ! control condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2021-12-07T15:31:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000919 name: N-nitroso-N-methyl-4-aminobutyric acid def: "A nitrosamine that has methyl and 3-carboxypropyl substituents. It is a tobacco-derived nitrosamino acid that is a known animal and potential human carcinogen. It induces bladder transitional cell carcinomas in rats and has recently been identified as a contaminant in certain blood pressure medications." [CHEBI:176579] synonym: "4-[methyl(nitroso)amino]butanoic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "NMBA" EXACT [] synonym: "N-nitrosomethylaminobutyric acid" EXACT [] synonym: "N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine" EXACT [] xref: PMID:32123074 xref: pubchem.compound:13643 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-02-03T13:23:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000920 name: controlled mineral content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, is controlled." [https://www.merriam-webster.com, ISBN-13:9780781733908] xref: PMID:32123074 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-02-03T13:41:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000921 name: controlled zinc content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of zinc is controlled." [https://www.merriam-webster.com, ISBN-13:9780781733908] synonym: "controlled Zn content diet" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000920 ! controlled mineral content diet created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-02-03T13:49:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000922 name: semaxanib def: "An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group. It has been used to produce pulmonary arterial hypertension in animal models." [CHEBI:91083] synonym: "(3Z)-3-[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylidene]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one" EXACT [] synonym: "SU" EXACT [] synonym: "SU 5416" EXACT [] synonym: "SU5416" EXACT [] xref: PMID:24113457 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist is_a: XCO:0000259 ! disease-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-02-03T14:10:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000923 name: isolated lung perfusion with Hespan buffer def: "This is an experimental condition consisting of right or left thoracotomy with cannulation of pulmonary artery and vein, perfusion via artery with Hespan buffer, and collection of effluent from pulmonary vein to prevent systemic circulation of treatment or vehicle." [PMID:10155362, PMID:7818325] synonym: "isolated lung perfusion with HB" EXACT [] xref: PMID:7818325 is_a: XCO:0000875 ! isolated lung perfusion is_a: XCO:0000877 ! Hespan buffer created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-02-08T16:35:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000924 name: isolated lung perfusion with floxuridine def: "This is an experimental condition consisting of right or left thoracotomy with cannulation of pulmonary artery and vein, perfusion via artery with a solution containing floxuridine, and collection of effluent from pulmonary vein to prevent systemic circulation of treatment or vehicle." [ISBN-13:9780781733908, PMID:7818325] synonym: "isolated lung perfusion with FUDR" EXACT [] synonym: "PMID:7818325" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000875 ! isolated lung perfusion is_a: XCO:0000876 ! floxuridine created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-02-08T16:41:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000925 name: bumetanide def: "Bumetanide is a member of the class of benzoic acids, and a diuretic used for treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic and renal disease." [CHEBI:3213] synonym: "3-(Butylamino)-4-phenoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic aci" EXACT [] synonym: "Bumex" EXACT [] synonym: "Burinex" EXACT [] xref: MESH:D002034 xref: PMID:30385718 is_a: XCO:0000122 ! diuretic created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-03-01T17:38:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000926 name: polyethylene glycol def: "This is a is a polyether compound, composed of repeating ethyleneoxy units, derived from petroleum with many applications, including medical uses like in the composition of some laxatives." [CHEBI:46793, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene_glycol] synonym: "PEG" EXACT [] synonym: "PEO" EXACT [] synonym: "POE" EXACT [] synonym: "poly(ethylene oxide)" EXACT [] synonym: "poly(oxyethylene)" EXACT [] synonym: "polyethylene oxide" EXACT [] synonym: "polyoxyethylene" EXACT [] xref: PMID:32084371 is_a: XCO:0000927 ! hydroxypolyether created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-03-07T11:51:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000927 name: hydroxypolyether def: "A hydroxyether compound containing more than one ether group." [CHEBI:46789] xref: PMID:32084371 is_a: XCO:0000342 ! chemical with specified structure created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-03-07T11:58:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000928 name: ColonLYTELY def: "This is a colonoscopy prep composed of 5.9% Macrogol 3350 (polyethylene glycol) and electrolytes." [https://www.colonprep.com.au] synonym: "Macrogol 3350" NARROW [] relationship: has_component XCO:0000926 ! polyethylene glycol created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-03-07T12:43:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000929 name: controlled ColonLYTELY content drinking water def: "Thia is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of ColonLYTELY (5.9% Macrogol 3350 solution) in which the amount of ColonLYTELY consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://www.colonprep.com.au, PMID:32084371] synonym: "controlled Macrogol 3350 content drinking water" NARROW [] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000928 ! ColonLYTELY created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-03-07T12:52:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000930 name: renal denervation def: "This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and the kidneys. It is followed by painting of the renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] synonym: "denervation of kidneys" EXACT [] synonym: "RDN" EXACT [] synonym: "surgical denervation of kidneys" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15894899 is_a: XCO:0000373 ! surgical denervation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-04-26T15:38:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000931 name: celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery coarctation def: "This is a procedure involving surgical narrowing of the lumen of the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] xref: PMID:15894899 is_a: XCO:0000596 ! blood vessel coarctation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-04-26T16:02:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000932 name: vasopressin def: "This is a family of cyclic nonapeptide hormones found in most mammals. Synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in the post-pituitary, vasopressins play a key role in homeostasis, particularly in regulating the body's water content. Vasopressin acts as a vasoconstrictor to increase blood pressure, blood volume, and water reabsorption by the renal collecting ducts." [CHEBI:9937, MESH:D014667] synonym: "ADH" EXACT [] synonym: "antidiuretic hormone" EXACT [] synonym: "AVP" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000228 ! peptide hormone created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-04-26T16:45:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000933 name: argipressin def: "This molecule is the predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6." [CHEBI:34543, MESH:D001127] synonym: "Arg8-vasopressin" EXACT [] synonym: "arginine vasopressin" EXACT [] synonym: "arg-vasopressin" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000932 ! vasopressin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-04-26T16:50:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000934 name: bilateral renal denervation def: "This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and both kidneys. It is followed by painting of the renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] synonym: "denervation of both kidneys" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15894899 is_a: XCO:0000930 ! renal denervation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-04-28T16:36:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000935 name: unilateral renal denervation def: "This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and only one kidney, left or right. It is followed by painting of the renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] synonym: "denervation of a single kidney" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15894899 is_a: XCO:0000930 ! renal denervation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-04-28T16:39:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000936 name: left kidney denervation def: "This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and the kidney on the left side of the body. It is followed by painting of the left side renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] synonym: "left side renal denervation" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15894899 is_a: XCO:0000935 ! unilateral renal denervation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-04-28T16:47:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000937 name: right kidney denervation def: "This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and the kidney on the right side of the body. It is followed by painting of the right side renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] synonym: "right side renal denervation" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15894899 is_a: XCO:0000935 ! unilateral renal denervation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-04-28T16:51:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000938 name: bovine serum albumin def: "This is a serum albumin protein derived from cow blood. It is used as an enzyme-stabilizing agent, a blocking reagent, etc. for laboratory experiments." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bovine_serum_albumin, ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] synonym: "BSA" EXACT [] synonym: "Fraction V" EXACT [] synonym: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bovine_serum_albumin" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15894899 is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-04-28T17:42:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000939 name: JTT-608 def: "This is a hypoglycemic drug which enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion." [PMID:10323602] synonym: "4-(4beta-Methylcyclohexane-1-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "4-(4-Methylcyclohexyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "Cyclohexanebutanoic acid, 4-methyl-gamma-oxo-, trans-" EXACT [] synonym: "trans - 4 - (4 - methylcyclohexyl) - 4 - oxobutyric acid" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000251 ! secretagogue is_a: XCO:0000407 ! hypoglycemic agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-05-02T16:49:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000940 name: controlled ex vivo pancreas condition def: "This is an experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of a pancreas, the combined endocrine/exocrine gland situated transversely behind the stomach, between the spleen and the duodenum, is experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. after removal from the body." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] xref: PMID:10323602 is_a: XCO:0000464 ! controlled ex vivo organ condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-05-05T16:23:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000941 name: controlled ex vivo pancreas perfusion def: "This is an experimental condition consisting of perfusion of the isolated pancreas with some physiological buffer (consisting of controlled solute composition and specific flow rate) in through the celiac artery and out through a portal vein." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, ISBN-13: 978-0781733908] xref: PMID:10323602 xref: PMID:1097860 is_a: XCO:0000940 ! controlled ex vivo pancreas condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-05-05T16:44:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000942 name: controlled saxagliptin content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of saxagliptin, an oral antidiabetic drug in the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class, is maintained at a specified level." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saxagliptin, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "controlled 3-hydroxyadamantylglycine-4,5-methanoprolinenitrile hydrate content diet" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled Onglyza content diet" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:71272 xref: MESH:C502994 is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet is_a: XCO:0000632 ! saxagliptin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-05-27T17:31:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000943 name: controlled glucosamine content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of glucosamine in which the amount of glucosamine consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "controlled 2-amino-2-deoxyglucose content drinking water" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:5417 xref: PMID:22446865 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000557 ! glucosamine created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-03T16:16:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000944 name: controlled alendronate content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of alendronate in which the amount of alendronate consumed is maintained at a specified level." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alendronic_acid, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "controlled alendronic acid content drinking water" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled Fosamax content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled sodium alendronate content drinking water" EXACT [] xref: PMID:22446865 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000474 ! alendronate created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-03T16:38:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000945 name: controlled taxifolin content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of taxifolin in which the amount of taxifolin consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxifolin, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "controlled catechin hydrate content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled DHQ content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled dihydroquercetin content drinking water" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:38747 xref: PMID:22446865 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000558 ! taxifolin created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-03T16:45:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000946 name: midafotel def: "This is a member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a carboxy group at position 2R and a (1E)-1-phosphonoprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 4. It is an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and originally designed as a potential therapy for excitotoxicity, epilepsy or neuropathic pain." [CHEBI:180900, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midafotel] synonym: "(2R4-[(2E)-3-phosphonoprop-2-en-1-yl]piperazine-2-carboxylic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "CPPene" EXACT [] synonym: "D-Cpp-ene" EXACT [] synonym: "SDZ EAA 494" EXACT [] xref: PMID:32507787 xref: pubchem.compound:6435801 is_a: XCO:0000947 ! NMDA receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-09T14:54:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000947 name: NMDA receptor antagonist def: "This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a drug or agent that inhibits the action of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. They tend to induce a state known as dissociative anesthesia, marked by catalepsy, amnesia, and analgesia, while side effects can include hallucinations, nightmares, and confusion. Due to their psychotomimetic effects, many NMDA receptor antagonists are used as recreational drugs." [CHEBI:60643] synonym: "NMDAR antagonist" EXACT [] synonym: "N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist" EXACT [] xref: PMID:32507787 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic/analgesic is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-09T15:08:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000948 name: Ro 25-6981 def: "This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a member of the class of piperidines that is 4-benzylpiperidine substituted by a 3-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropyl group at position 1 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a potent antagonist of the GluN2B subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor." [] synonym: "4-[(1R,2S)-3-(4-benzylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl]phenol" EXACT [] xref: MESH:C109643 xref: PMID:32507787 is_a: XCO:0000947 ! NMDA receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-09T15:23:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000949 name: PPDA def: "This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is PPDA, a subtype-selective NMDA receptor antagonist that preferentially binds to GluN2C/GluN2D (NR2C/NR2D) containing receptors." [CHEBI:189866] synonym: "(2S*,3R*)-1-(Phenanthren-2-carbonyl)piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "cis-piperidine dicarboxylic acid" EXACT [] synonym: "Cis-PPDA" EXACT [] xref: CAS:684283-16-7 xref: PMID:32507787 is_a: XCO:0000947 ! NMDA receptor antagonist created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-09T15:28:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000950 name: anticonvulsant def: "This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a drug or agent used to prevent seizures or reduce their severity. Anticonvulsants suppress the excessive rapid firing of neurons during seizures and prevent the spread of the seizure within the brain." [CHEBI:35623, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticonvulsant] synonym: "antiepileptic" EXACT [] synonym: "antiepileptic drug" EXACT [] synonym: "antiseizure drug" EXACT [] xref: MESH:D000927 xref: PMID:32507787 is_a: XCO:0000341 ! chemical with specified function created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-09T15:44:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000951 name: 2,3-Dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline def: "This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an AMPA and KA receptor antagonist and a neuroprotectant for cerebral ischemia." [MESH:C062865, PMID:32507787] synonym: "6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline-2,3-dione" EXACT [] synonym: "NBQX" EXACT [] xref: CAS:118876-58-7 xref: CHEBI:31073 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist is_a: XCO:0000950 ! anticonvulsant created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-09T15:57:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000952 name: controlled perindopril content drinking water def: "This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of perindopril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Perindopril is a nonsulfhydryl prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver to perindoprilat, a potent, competitive inhibitor of ACE." [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00790, https://www.merriam-webster.com/] synonym: "controlled Aceon content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled Coversum content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled Coversyl content drinking water" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:8024 xref: MESH:D020913 xref: PMID:12376396 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water relationship: has_component XCO:0000588 ! perindopril created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-10T15:10:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000953 name: controlled reserpine content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of reserpine consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Reserpine is an indole alkaloid which irreversibly blocks the vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs), SLC18A1 and SLC18A2, and has been used as both an antihypertensive drug and an antipsychotic drug." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserpine, https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00206] synonym: "controlled Serpasil content drinking water" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:28487 xref: PMID:21107278 is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000550 ! reserpine created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-10T16:51:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000954 name: glucosamine - alendronate def: "This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an aqueous mix of glucosamine and alendronic acid (the acid form of alendronate), two chemicals used to promote bone health." [PMID:22446865] synonym: "GA" EXACT [] synonym: "glucosamine alendronate" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:50647 xref: CHEBI:5417 relationship: has_component XCO:0000474 ! alendronate relationship: has_component XCO:0000557 ! glucosamine created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-16T17:17:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000955 name: controlled glucosamine - alendronate content drinking water def: "This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of glucosamine - alendronate in which the amount of glucosamine - alendronate consumed is maintained at a specified level." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:22446865] synonym: "CHEBI:50647" EXACT [] synonym: "CHEBI:5417" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled GA content drinking water" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled glucosamine alendronate content drinking water" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000943 ! controlled glucosamine content drinking water is_a: XCO:0000944 ! controlled alendronate content drinking water created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-16T17:23:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000956 name: artificial cerebrospinal fluid with 0.14 M sodium def: "This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) with a concentration of 0.14 M sodium ions. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) is a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_cerebrospinal_fluid, PMID:15458950] synonym: "aCSF with 0.14 M Na+" EXACT [] synonym: "aCSF with 0.14 M sodium" EXACT [] synonym: "artificial cerebrospinal fluid with 0.14 M Na+" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15458950 is_a: XCO:0000830 ! artificial cerebrospinal fluid created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-30T16:30:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000957 name: artificial cerebrospinal fluid with 0.15 M sodium def: "This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) with a concentration of 0.15 M sodium ions. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) is a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_cerebrospinal_fluid, PMID:15458950] synonym: "aCSF with 0.15 M Na+" EXACT [] synonym: "aCSF with 0.15 M sodium" EXACT [] synonym: "artificial cerebrospinal fluid with 0.15 M Na+" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15458950 is_a: XCO:0000830 ! artificial cerebrospinal fluid created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-30T17:02:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000958 name: artificial cerebrospinal fluid with 0.16 M sodium def: "This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) with a concentration of 0.16 M sodium ions. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) is a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_cerebrospinal_fluid, PMID:15458950] synonym: "aCSF with 0.16 M Na+" EXACT [] synonym: "aCSF with 0.16 M sodium" EXACT [] synonym: "artificial cerebrospinal fluid with 0.16 M Na+" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15458950 is_a: XCO:0000830 ! artificial cerebrospinal fluid created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-06-30T17:07:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000959 name: Guanabenz def: "This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a dichlorobenzene derivative that is a cell-permeable α2-adrenoceptor agonist used as an antihypertensive agent." [CHEBI:5553, MESH:D006143] synonym: "2,6-Dichlorobenzylideneaminoguanidine" EXACT [] synonym: "Guanabenz" EXACT [] xref: PMID:15458950 is_a: XCO:0000673 ! alpha-adrenergic agonist is_a: XCO:0000863 ! antihypertensive agent created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-07-11T17:40:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000960 name: 10% CO2, 20% O2, 70% N2 def: "This is a condition in which the level of carbon dioxide (10%), oxygen (20%), and nitrogen (70%) in the air surrounding the organism or breathed by the organism is controlled as part of the experiment." [https://www.merriam-webster.com/, PMID:21421817] xref: PMID:21421817 is_a: XCO:0000010 ! air oxygen content is_a: XCO:0000012 ! air carbon dioxide content created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-07-18T18:12:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000961 name: controlled ex vivo heart condition def: "This is an experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of a heart is experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. after removal from the body." [https://www.merriam-webster.com, ISBN-13:978-0781733908] synonym: "controlled isolated heart condition" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000464 ! controlled ex vivo organ condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-10-10T11:29:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000962 name: controlled ex vivo heart perfusion def: "This is an experimental condition consisting of perfusion (retrograde or forward) of the isolated heart with some physiological buffer (consisting of controlled solute composition and specific flow rate) through the aorta. In retrograde perfusion the backwards pressure causes the aortic valve to shut, forcing the solution into the coronary vessels, which normally supply the heart tissue with blood." [https://www.harvardapparatus.com/physiology/isolated-organ-perfusion-studies/isolated-heart-perfusion-systems.html, https://www.merriam-webster.com] synonym: "biventricular working heart perfusion" NARROW [] synonym: "Langendorff heart perfusion" NARROW [] synonym: "working (ejecting) heart perfusion" NARROW [] is_a: XCO:0000961 ! controlled ex vivo heart condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-10-10T12:35:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000963 name: controlled NG-nitroarginine methyl ester content in acidified drinking water def: "This is a drink made up of acidified water (pH 2.4-2.8) and a specified amount of the basic amino acid commonly known as L-NAME and used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, consumed by an organism as part of an experiment." [ISBN-13:978-0781733908, MESH:D019331] synonym: "controlled L-NAME content in acidified drinking water" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000285 ! controlled NG-nitroarginine methyl ester content drinking water created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2022-10-18T11:24:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000964 name: perfluorooctanoic acid def: "This is is perfluorinated octanoic acid, a fluoroalkanoic acid." [CHEBI:35549] synonym: "pentadecafluorooctanoic acid" EXACT [] xref: MESH:C023036 is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm-inducing chemical is_a: XCO:0000757 ! surfactant created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-02-14T11:34:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000965 name: controlled in vitro cell condition def: "This is any experimental condition in which cells derived from a multicellular organism are cultured and experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through drug treatment or nutrient availability, in an artificial environment outside the living body." [https://www.merriam-webster.com, ISBN-13:978-0781733908] synonym: "controlled petri dish condition" EXACT [] synonym: "controlled test tube condition" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-02-14T12:04:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000966 name: controlled serum-free condition def: "This is any experimental condition in which cultured cells are grown in a defined medium without added animal serum." [https://www.merriam-webster.com, ISBN-13:978-0781733908] synonym: "condition of growth medium without serum" EXACT [] synonym: "serum starvation" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000965 ! controlled in vitro cell condition created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-02-14T12:17:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000967 name: gastric bypass def: "This is is a type of weight-loss surgery that involves creating a small pouch from the stomach and connecting the newly created pouch directly to the small intestine. After gastric bypass, swallowed food will go into this small pouch of stomach and then directly into the small intestine, thereby bypassing most of the stomach and the first section of the small intestine." [https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/gastric-bypass-surgery/about/pac-20385189, https://www.merriam-webster.com] synonym: "gastric bypass surgery" EXACT [] synonym: "Roux-en-Y gastric bypass" EXACT [] synonym: "Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-02-27T18:10:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000968 name: experimental traumatic brain injury def: "This is a condition induced by an experimental surgical procedure involving fluid percussion, cortical impact, or weight drop/impact acceleration to produce controlled injury to the surface of the brain." [PMID:21876530] synonym: "experimental TBI" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-02-27T18:45:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000969 name: lateral fluid percussion injury def: "This is an experimental injury condition produced by a pendulum-and-piston-based device applying a brief fluid pressure pulse onto the intact dura after performing a craniectomy on the head of the subject." [PMID:19022291, PMID:21876530] synonym: "lateral fluid-percussion injury" EXACT [] synonym: "LFPI" EXACT [] synonym: "parasagittal fluid percussion injury" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000968 ! experimental traumatic brain injury created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-03-02T13:40:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000970 name: protein kinase inhibitor def: "This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which decreases or interferes with the activity of a protein kinase inhibitor. A protein kinase is an enzyme that regulates the biological activity of proteins by phosphorylation of specific amino acids with ATP as the source of phosphate, thereby inducing a conformational change from an inactive to an active form of the protein." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_kinase, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/protein-kinases] is_a: XCO:0000523 ! enzyme inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-03-02T14:39:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000971 name: SB525334 def: "This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the chemical SB525334, which decreases or interferes with the activity of the serine/threonine protein kinase Alk5 (activin receptor-like kinase-5)." [RGD:733386] synonym: "6-(2-(tert-Butyl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)quinoxaline" EXACT [] synonym: "SB 525334" EXACT [] synonym: "TGF- beta RI Kinase Inhibitor VIII" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000970 ! protein kinase inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-03-02T14:58:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000972 name: nintedanib def: "This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the chemical nintedanib, a member of the class of oxindoles that is a multi-kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and cancer." [CHEBI:85164] synonym: "(Z)-Methyl 3-(((4-(N-methyl-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetamido)phenyl)amino)(phenyl)methylene)-2-oxoindoline-6-carboxylate" EXACT [] synonym: "Intedanib" EXACT [] synonym: "methyl (3Z)-3-[(4-{methyl[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl]amino}anilino)(phenyl)methylidene]-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-6-carboxylate" EXACT [] synonym: "Ofev" EXACT [] synonym: "Vargatef" EXACT [] xref: MESH:C530716 is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000970 ! protein kinase inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-03-02T15:05:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000973 name: sorafenib def: "This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the chemical sorafenib, a member of the class of phenylureas that are multi-kinase inhibitors and anti-neoplastic agents." [CHEBI:50924] synonym: "4-(4-(3-(4-CHLORO-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYL)UREIDO)PHENOXY)-N-METHYLPICOLINAMIDE" EXACT [] synonym: "4-[4-({[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]carbamoyl}amino)phenoxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide" EXACT [] synonym: "BAY 43-9006" EXACT [] synonym: "Nexavar" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000435 ! antineoplastic agent is_a: XCO:0000970 ! protein kinase inhibitor created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-03-02T15:15:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000974 name: bile duct ligation def: "This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a surgical procedure causing blockage of the bile duct, which leads to acute obstructive jaundice and eventually to liver fibrosis." [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/bile-duct-ligation] synonym: "CBDL" EXACT [] synonym: "common bile duct ligation" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation created_by: slaulede creation_date: 2023-03-02T15:29:13Z [Typedef] id: has_component name: has_component xref: RO:0002211 created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-07T11:34:22Z [Typedef] id: has_part name: has_part xref: BFO:0000051 is_transitive: true created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2014-03-07T11:32:23Z [Typedef] id: part_of name: part_of xref: BFO:0000050 is_transitive: true